{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,13]],"date-time":"2025-06-13T08:40:01Z","timestamp":1749804001930,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,8]],"date-time":"2025-04-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744070400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["heartrhythmcasereports.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["HeartRhythm Case Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrcr.2025.04.005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,10]],"date-time":"2025-04-10T16:40:25Z","timestamp":1744303225000},"page":"503-508","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Electrophysiological impact of subgingival nicotine gum use in athletes: Completing the Coumel triangle in sustained ventricular tachycardia reentry"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7543-3236","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Konstantinos","family":"Vlachos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karim","family":"Benali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Fitzgerald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masaaki","family":"Yokoyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Allan","family":"Plant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kinan","family":"Kneizeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicolas","family":"Johner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laurens","family":"Verhaeghe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Geoffroy","family":"Ditac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cinzia","family":"Monaco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Romain","family":"Tixier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Bouyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laurent","family":"Chevalier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Josselin","family":"Duchateau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M\u00e9l\u00e8ze","family":"Hocini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michel","family":"Ha\u00efssaguerre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pierre","family":"Ja\u00efs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric","family":"Sacher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrcr.2025.04.005_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.eurheartj.a062259","article-title":"The management of clinical arrhythmias. An overview on invasive versus non-invasive electrophysiology","volume":"8","author":"Coumel","year":"1987","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrcr.2025.04.005_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199809033391003","article-title":"Spontaneous initiation of atrial fibrillation by ectopic beats originating in the pulmonary veins","volume":"339","author":"Ha\u00efssaguerre","year":"1998","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrcr.2025.04.005_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)07807-8","article-title":"Role of Purkinje conducting system in triggering of idiopathic ventricular fibrillation","volume":"359","author":"Ha\u00efssaguerre","year":"2002","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrcr.2025.04.005_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.88.3.915","article-title":"Slow conduction in the infarcted human heart. 'Zigzag' course of activation","volume":"88","author":"de Bakker","year":"1993","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrcr.2025.04.005_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.1038\/s44161-022-00133-6","article-title":"Fat infiltration in the infarcted heart as a paradigm for ventricular arrhythmias","volume":"1","author":"Sung","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Cardiovasc Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrcr.2025.04.005_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1757","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntaa068","article-title":"Pharmacokinetic comparison of a novel non-tobacco-based nicotine pouch (ZYN) with conventional, tobacco-based Swedish Snus and American Moist Snuff","volume":"22","author":"Lunell","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrcr.2025.04.005_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1165","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.102.10.1165","article-title":"Nicotine is a potent blocker of the cardiac A-type K(+) channels. Effects on cloned Kv4.3 channels and native transient outward current","volume":"102","author":"Wang","year":"2000","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrcr.2025.04.005_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1381","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3205(70)90132-3","article-title":"Nicotine-induced restoration of action potentials to cardiac tissue depolarized by potassium","volume":"9","author":"Pappano","year":"1970","journal-title":"Life Sci I"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrcr.2025.04.005_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/0741-8329(92)90016-4","article-title":"Effects of nicotine and ethanol on rat atrial membrane potentials","volume":"9","author":"Carryl","year":"1992","journal-title":"Alcohol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrcr.2025.04.005_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1969.00300160097016","article-title":"Some effects of nicotine on cardiac automaticity, conduction, and inotropy","volume":"123","author":"Greenspan","year":"1969","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrcr.2025.04.005_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1330","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(25)39326-2","article-title":"Involvement of calcium and L-type channels in nicotine-induced antinociception","volume":"266","author":"Damaj","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrcr.2025.04.005_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-3623(96)00168-1","article-title":"Effects of nicotine on spontaneous activity and underlying ionic currents in rabbit sinoatrial nodal cells","volume":"28","author":"Satoh","year":"1997","journal-title":"Gen Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrcr.2025.04.005_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.73.2.379","article-title":"Alterations of K+ currents in isolated human ventricular myocytes from patients with terminal heart failure","volume":"73","author":"Beuckelmann","year":"1993","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrcr.2025.04.005_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2022.09.021","article-title":"Increased vulnerability to atrial and ventricular arrhythmias caused by different types of inhaled tobacco or marijuana products","volume":"20","author":"Qiu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrcr.2025.04.005_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2241","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.723551","article-title":"Catheter ablation of ventricular tachycardia after repair of congenital heart disease: electroanatomic identification of the critical right ventricular isthmus","volume":"116","author":"Zeppenfeld","year":"2007","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrcr.2025.04.005_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1224","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(90)90557-6","article-title":"Ventricular arrhythmias after correction of ventricular septal defects: importance of surgical approach","volume":"16","author":"Houyel","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrcr.2025.04.005_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacep.2022.03.007","article-title":"Pulsed field ablation of left ventricular myocardium in a swine infarct model","volume":"8","author":"Im","year":"2022","journal-title":"JACC Clin Electrophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrcr.2025.04.005_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacep.2023.09.015","article-title":"Efficacy of pulsed field vs radiofrequency for the reablation of chronic radiofrequency ablation substrate: redo pulsed field ablation","volume":"10","author":"Younis","year":"2024","journal-title":"JACC Clin Electrophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrcr.2025.04.005_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.124.013143","article-title":"Effect of sequential, colocalized radiofrequency and pulsed field ablation on cardiac lesion size and histology","volume":"18","author":"Verma","year":"2025","journal-title":"Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrcr.2025.04.005_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.122.010889","article-title":"Substrate mapping alters ventriuclar tachycardia inucibility","author":"Aboud","year":"2023","journal-title":"Circ Arrhthm Electrophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrcr.2025.04.005_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euae193","article-title":"A large footprint focal catheter toggling between pulsed field and radiofrequency energy: first clinical experience for ventricular tachycardia ablation","volume":"26","author":"Pannone","year":"2024","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrcr.2025.04.005_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euae275","article-title":"Mapping and ablation of ventricular tachycardia using dual-energy lattice-tip focal catheter: early feasibility and safety study","volume":"26","author":"Peichl","year":"2024","journal-title":"Europace"}],"container-title":["HeartRhythm Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2214027125001010?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2214027125001010?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,13]],"date-time":"2025-06-13T08:20:28Z","timestamp":1749802828000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2214027125001010"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S2214027125001010"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.hrcr.2025.04.005","relation":{},"ISSN":["2214-0271"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2214-0271"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Electrophysiological impact of subgingival nicotine gum use in athletes: Completing the Coumel triangle in sustained ventricular tachycardia reentry","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"HeartRhythm Case Reports","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.hrcr.2025.04.005","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of Heart Rhythm Society.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}