{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T02:11:35Z","timestamp":1789438295067,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]],"date-time":"2020-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598918400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]],"date-time":"2020-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598918400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","heartrhythmjournal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Heart Rhythm"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.05.008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,10]],"date-time":"2020-05-10T23:18:22Z","timestamp":1589152702000},"page":"1472-1479","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":144,"title":["QT prolongation, torsades de pointes, and sudden death with short courses of chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine as used in COVID-19: A systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Lior","family":"Jankelson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1523-0346","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giorgio","family":"Karam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthijs L.","family":"Becker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Larry A.","family":"Chinitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meng-Chiao","family":"Tsai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.05.008_bib2","series-title":"Plaquenil (hydroxychloroquine sulfate). Product monograph","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.05.008_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra032426","article-title":"Drug-induced prolongation of the QT interval","volume":"350","author":"Roden","year":"2004","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.05.008_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2459","DOI":"10.1113\/JP270526","article-title":"Predicting drug-induced QT prolongation and torsades de pointes","volume":"594","author":"Roden","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.05.008_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"760","DOI":"10.1124\/pr.110.003723","article-title":"Drug-induced long QT syndrome","volume":"62","author":"Kannankeril","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pharmacol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.05.008_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(07)70187-1","article-title":"Cardiotoxicity of antimalarial drugs","volume":"7","author":"White","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.05.008_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1038\/s41569-020-0360-5","article-title":"COVID-19 and the cardiovascular system","volume":"17","author":"Zheng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.05.008_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.04.016","article-title":"Considerations for drug interactions on QTc interval in exploratory COVID-19 treatment","volume":"17","author":"Roden","year":"2020","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.05.008_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.047293","article-title":"COVID-19, arrhythmic risk and inflammation: mind the gap!","volume":"142","author":"Lazzerini","year":"2020","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.05.008_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2225","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2020.01.025","article-title":"Hypoxia produces pro-arrhythmic late sodium current in cardiac myocytes by SUMOylation of NaV1.5 channels","volume":"30","author":"Plant","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.05.008_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2020.03.024","article-title":"Urgent guidance for navigating and circumventing the QTc prolonging and torsadogenic potential of possible pharmacotherapies for coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19)","volume":"95","author":"Giudicessi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.05.008_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1456","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.03.024","article-title":"SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 and inherited arrhythmia syndromes","volume":"17","author":"Wu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.05.008_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e233","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.03.028","volume":"17","author":"Lakkireddy","year":"2020","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.05.008_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2010.01.001","article-title":"Prevention of torsade de pointes in hospital settings: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association and the American College of Cardiology Foundation","volume":"55","author":"Drew","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.05.008_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1177\/1715163516641136","article-title":"Drug-induced QT interval prolongation and torsades de pointes: role of the pharmacist in risk assessment, prevention and management","volume":"149","author":"Tisdale","year":"2016","journal-title":"Can Pharm J (Ott)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.05.008_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-018-1188-2","article-title":"The arrhythmogenic cardiotoxicity of the quinoline and structurally related antimalarial drugs: a systematic review","volume":"16","author":"Haeusler","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.05.008_bib18","series-title":"Product monograph. Zithromax (azithromycin dihydrate)","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.05.008_bib19","series-title":"The cardiotoxicity of antimalarials","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.05.008_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Borba MGS, Val FFA, Sampaio VS, et al. Effect of high vs low doses of chloroquine diphosphate as adjunctive therapy for patients hospitalized with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. JAMA Netw Open. 2020 Apr 1;3(4):e208857. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.8857.","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.8857"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.05.008_bib21","first-page":"215","article-title":"A pilot study of hydroxychloroquine in treatment of patients with moderate coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19)","volume":"49","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.05.008_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"808","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-020-0888-2","article-title":"The QT interval in patients with COVID-19 treated with hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin","volume":"26","author":"Chorin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.05.008_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2020.101663","article-title":"Clinical and microbiological effect of a combination of hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin in 80 COVID-19 patients with at least a six-day follow up: a pilot observational study","volume":"34","author":"Gautret","year":"2020","journal-title":"Travel Med Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.05.008_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1093\/jmcb\/mjaa014","article-title":"Treating COVID-19 with chloroquine","volume":"12","author":"Huang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.05.008_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"m1844","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.m1844","article-title":"Clinical efficacy of hydroxychloroquine in patients with covid-19 pneumonia who require oxygen: observational comparative study using routine care data","volume":"369","author":"Mah\u00e9vas","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.05.008_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2020.03.006","article-title":"No evidence of rapid antiviral clearance or clinical benefit with the combination of hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin in patients with severe COVID-19 infection","volume":"50","author":"Molina","year":"2020","journal-title":"Med Mal Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.05.008_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Perinel S, Launay M, Botelho-Nevers E, et\u00a0al. Towards optimization of hydroxychloroquine dosing in intensive care unit COVID-19 patients. Published online April 7, 2020. Clin Infect Dis ciaa394 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cid\/ciaa394.","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa394"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.05.008_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"m1849","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.m1849","article-title":"Hydroxychloroquine in patients with mainly mild to moderate coronavirus disease 2019: open label, randomised controlled trial","volume":"369","author":"Tang","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.05.008_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1007\/s40262-020-00891-1","article-title":"Chloroquine for SARS-CoV-2: implications of its unique pharmacokinetic and safety properties","volume":"59","author":"Smit","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacokinet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.05.008_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1787","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2001282","article-title":"A trial of lopinavir-ritonavir in adults hospitalized with severe Covid-19","volume":"382","author":"Cao","year":"2020","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.05.008_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1002127","article-title":"Reporting of adverse events in published and unpublished studies of health care Interventions: a systematic review","volume":"13","author":"Golder","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.05.008_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bessi\u00e8re F, Roccia H, Delini\u00e8re A, et\u00a0al. Assessment of QT intervals in a case series of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection treated with hydroxychloroquine alone or in combination with azithromycin in an intensive care unit. Published online May 1, 2020. JAMA Cardiol https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamacardio.2020.1787.","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2020.1787"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.05.008_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mercuro NJ, Yen CF, Shim DJ, et\u00a0al. Risk of QT interval prolongation associated with use of hydroxychloroquine with or without concomitant azithromycin among hospitalized patients testing positive for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Published online May 1, 2020. JAMA Cardiol https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamacardio.2020.1834.","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2020.1834"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.05.008_bib35","series-title":"Statistics with Confidence","first-page":"45","article-title":"Proportions and their differences","author":"Newcombe","year":"2000"}],"container-title":["Heart Rhythm"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1547527120304318?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1547527120304318?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T06:51:20Z","timestamp":1761547880000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1547527120304318"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S1547527120304318"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.05.008","relation":{},"ISSN":["1547-5271"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1547-5271","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"QT prolongation, torsades de pointes, and sudden death with short courses of chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine as used in COVID-19: A systematic review","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Heart Rhythm","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.05.008","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Heart Rhythm Society. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}