{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T19:03:07Z","timestamp":1784660587260,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004543","name":"China Scholarship Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004543","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100002584","name":"American Historical Association","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["18TPA34170284"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18TPA34170284"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100002584","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 HL139829"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 HL139829"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R42DA043391"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R42DA043391"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1OT2OD028190"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1OT2OD028190"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["TR002208-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TR002208-01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000968","name":"American Heart Association","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000968","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","heartrhythmjournal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Heart Rhythm"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.07.036","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,4]],"date-time":"2020-08-04T02:18:50Z","timestamp":1596507530000},"page":"98-108","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Simultaneous activation of the small conductance calcium-activated potassium current by acetylcholine and inhibition of sodium current by ajmaline cause J-wave syndrome in Langendorff-perfused rabbit ventricles"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Yu-Dong","family":"Fei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mu","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuai","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akira","family":"Ueoka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenhui","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Rubart-von der Lohe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"IV","given":"Thomas H.","family":"Everett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhilin","family":"Qu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James N.","family":"Weiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4150-5836","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peng-Sheng","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.07.036_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e295","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2016.05.024","article-title":"J-wave syndromes expert consensus conference report: emerging concepts and gaps in knowledge","volume":"13","author":"Antzelevitch","year":"2016","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.07.036_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1468","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2019.07.003","article-title":"Ethnic differences in patients with Brugada syndrome and arrhythmic events: new insights from SABRUS","volume":"16","author":"Milman","year":"2019","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.07.036_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2016.12.001","article-title":"Epicardial substrate ablation for Brugada syndrome","volume":"14","author":"Nademanee","year":"2017","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.07.036_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1104","DOI":"10.1016\/S0195-668X(03)00195-7","article-title":"The ajmaline challenge in Brugada syndrome: diagnostic impact, safety, and recommended protocol","volume":"24","author":"Rolf","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.07.036_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49085","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M307508200","article-title":"Molecular identification and functional roles of a Ca2+-activated K+ channel in human and mouse hearts","volume":"278","author":"Xu","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.07.036_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2015.01.010","article-title":"SK channels and ventricular arrhythmias in heart failure","volume":"25","author":"Chang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Trends Cardiovasc Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.07.036_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.122329","article-title":"Concomitant SK current activation and sodium current inhibition cause J wave syndrome","volume":"3","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.07.036_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4299","DOI":"10.1113\/JP275681","article-title":"Sex-specific activation of SK current by isoproterenol facilitates action potential triangulation and arrhythmogenesis in rabbit ventricles","volume":"596","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.07.036_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1660","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.100.15.1660","article-title":"Cellular basis for the Brugada syndrome and other mechanisms of arrhythmogenesis associated with ST-segment elevation","volume":"100","author":"Yan","year":"1999","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.07.036_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2017.00356","article-title":"Confirming a role for \u03b19nAChRs and SK potassium channels in type II hair cells of the turtle posterior crista","volume":"11","author":"Parks","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Cell Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.07.036_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1711","DOI":"10.1113\/JP273627","article-title":"A unifying hypothesis for M1 muscarinic receptor signalling in pyramidal neurons","volume":"595","author":"Dasari","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.07.036_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1836","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-09-0296","article-title":"A predictor of positive drug provocation testing in individuals with saddle-back type ST-segment elevation","volume":"73","author":"Shimeno","year":"2009","journal-title":"Circ J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.07.036_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"688","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18040688","article-title":"Oxidative stress-induced afterdepolarizations and protein kinase C signaling","volume":"18","author":"Fei","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.07.036_bib14","first-page":"311","article-title":"Effect of ajmaline on action potential and ionic currents in rat ventricular myocytes","volume":"24","author":"Bebarova","year":"2005","journal-title":"Gen Physiol Biophys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.07.036_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.110.238386","article-title":"Small-conductance calcium-activated potassium channel and recurrent ventricular fibrillation in failing rabbit ventricles","volume":"108","author":"Chua","year":"2011","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.07.036_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1991.sp018789","article-title":"Regional variations in action potentials and transient outward current in myocytes isolated from rabbit left ventricle","volume":"442","author":"Fedida","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.07.036_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.93.2.372","article-title":"Cellular basis for the electrocardiographic J wave","volume":"93","author":"Yan","year":"1996","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.07.036_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1113\/expphysiol.2004.027888","article-title":"Comparison of effects of acetylcholine on electromechanical characteristics in guinea-pig atrium and ventricle","volume":"90","author":"Zang","year":"2005","journal-title":"Exp Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.07.036_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvt240","article-title":"G-protein-coupled inward rectifier potassium current contributes to ventricular repolarization","volume":"101","author":"Liang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.07.036_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1254\/jphs.FPJ04045X","article-title":"Atria selective prolongation by NIP-142, an antiarrhythmic agent, of refractory period and action potential duration in guinea pig myocardium","volume":"98","author":"Matsuda","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.07.036_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.67.3.615","article-title":"Differences in the electrophysiological response of canine ventricular subendocardium and subepicardium to acetylcholine and isoproterenol: a direct effect of acetylcholine in ventricular myocardium","volume":"67","author":"Litovsky","year":"1990","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.07.036_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H66","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00029.2013","article-title":"Tissue-specific effects of acetylcholine in the canine heart","volume":"305","author":"Calloe","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.07.036_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/2.1.19","article-title":"The nature of the PR interval","volume":"2","author":"Roberge","year":"1968","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.07.036_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2009.01.038","article-title":"Significance of QRS prolongation during diagnostic ajmaline test in patients with suspected Brugada syndrome","volume":"6","author":"Batchvarov","year":"2009","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.07.036_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"916","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/21.12.916","article-title":"Ability of the electrocardiogram to detect myocardial lesions in isoproterenol induced rat cardiomyopathy","volume":"21","author":"Bestetti","year":"1987","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.07.036_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e72","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.0000264101.06417.33","article-title":"Autonomic nerve stimulation reverses ventricular repolarization sequence in rabbit hearts","volume":"100","author":"Mantravadi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.07.036_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1007\/s003800300005","article-title":"Histological study on the distribution of autonomic nerves in the human heart","volume":"18","author":"Kawano","year":"2003","journal-title":"Heart Vessels"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.07.036_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1852","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2015.04.014","article-title":"J-wave syndromes: Brugada and early repolarization syndromes","volume":"12","author":"Antzelevitch","year":"2015","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.07.036_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2004","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000032002.22105.7A","article-title":"Ionic and cellular basis for the predominance of the Brugada syndrome phenotype in males","volume":"106","author":"Di Diego","year":"2002","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.07.036_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.0000253095.44186.72","article-title":"Molecular coupling of a Ca2+-activated K+ channel to L-type Ca2+ channels via \u03b1-actinin 2","volume":"100","author":"Lu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.07.036_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H375","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00479.2017","article-title":"Ondansetron blocks wildtype and p.F503L variant small conductance calcium activated potassium channels","volume":"315","author":"Ko","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.07.036_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"862","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2005.12.022","article-title":"Is heart size a factor in ventricular fibrillation? Or how close are rabbit and human hearts?","volume":"3","author":"Panfilov","year":"2006","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"}],"container-title":["Heart Rhythm"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1547527120307505?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1547527120307505?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T20:31:09Z","timestamp":1778617869000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1547527120307505"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S1547527120307505"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.07.036","relation":{},"ISSN":["1547-5271"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1547-5271","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Simultaneous activation of the small conductance calcium-activated potassium current by acetylcholine and inhibition of sodium current by ajmaline cause J-wave syndrome in Langendorff-perfused rabbit ventricles","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Heart Rhythm","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.hrthm.2020.07.036","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Heart Rhythm Society. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}