{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T05:49:31Z","timestamp":1781502571290,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,24]],"date-time":"2025-03-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742774400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005633","name":"Syd\u00e4ntutkimuss\u00e4\u00e4ti\u00f6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005633","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008723","name":"Suomen L\u00e4\u00e4ketieteen S\u00e4\u00e4ti\u00f6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008723","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008969","name":"Alfred Kordelinin S\u00e4\u00e4ti\u00f6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008969","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009420","name":"Varsinais-Suomen Sairaanhoitopiiri","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009420","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010133","name":"Aarne Koskelon S\u00e4\u00e4ti\u00f6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010133","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008484","name":"Paavo Nurmen S\u00e4\u00e4ti\u00f6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008484","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007417","name":"Paulon S\u00e4\u00e4ti\u00f6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007417","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007083","name":"Orion Research Fundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007083","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","heartrhythmjournal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Heart Rhythm"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2025.03.1981","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,31]],"date-time":"2025-08-31T08:05:58Z","timestamp":1756627558000},"page":"324-331","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Prevalence and progression of P-wave abnormalities in patients with atrial fibrillation"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2177-5900","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arto","family":"Relander","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johanna","family":"K\u00e4\u00e4ri\u00e4","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuli","family":"Jaakkola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tuija","family":"Vasankari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilpo","family":"Nuotio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.E. Juhani","family":"Airaksinen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0908-3741","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tuomas","family":"Kiviniemi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2025.03.1981_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euae204","volume":"26","author":"Goette","year":"2024","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2025.03.1981_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3768","DOI":"10.1002\/ehf2.14089","article-title":"Atrial cardiomyopathy: from cell to bedside","volume":"9","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"ESC Heart Fail"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2025.03.1981_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.2174\/1573403X17666210112161524","article-title":"Atrial conduction disorders","volume":"17","author":"Alexander","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr Cardiol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2025.03.1981_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2407","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2024.04.083","article-title":"Novel electrocardiographic classification for stroke prediction in atrial fibrillation patients undergoing cardioversion","volume":"21","author":"Relander","year":"2024","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2025.03.1981_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1116","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.114.001557","article-title":"Prevalence and prognostic significance of abnormal P terminal force in lead V1 of the ECG in the general population","volume":"7","author":"Eranti","year":"2014","journal-title":"Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2025.03.1981_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1542-474X.2010.00390.x","article-title":"P-wave indices: derivation of reference values from the Framingham Heart Study","volume":"15","author":"Magnani","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2025.03.1981_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1887","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2015.04.026","article-title":"P-wave duration and the risk of atrial fibrillation: results from the Copenhagen ECG Study","volume":"12","author":"Nielsen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2025.03.1981_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jelectrocard.2018.12.008","article-title":"Prevalence, significance and reversal of abnormal P-wave indices in hypertension: a review and meta-analysis","volume":"53","author":"Aizawa","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Electrocardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2025.03.1981_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1080\/07853890.2020.1731759","article-title":"The prevalence and prognostic significance of interatrial block in the general population","volume":"52","author":"Istolahti","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2025.03.1981_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jelectrocard.2017.07.004","article-title":"Incidence rates, correlates, and prognosis of electrocardiographic P-wave abnormalities\u2014a nationwide population-based study","volume":"50","author":"Lehtonen","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Electrocardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2025.03.1981_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jelectrocard.2022.04.006","article-title":"Interatrial block and P terminal force in the general population\u2014longitudinal changes, risk factors and prognosis","volume":"73","author":"Istolahti","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Electrocardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2025.03.1981_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jelectrocard.2012.06.029","article-title":"Interatrial blocks. A separate entity from left atrial enlargement: a consensus report","volume":"45","author":"Bay\u00e9s De Luna","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Electrocardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2025.03.1981_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1542-474X.2009.00301.x","article-title":"Evolution of P-wave morphology in healthy individuals: a 3-year follow-up study","volume":"14","author":"Havm\u00f6ller","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2025.03.1981_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2013.04.089","article-title":"Thromboembolic complications after cardioversion of acute atrial fibrillation: the FinCV (Finnish CardioVersion) study","volume":"62","author":"Airaksinen","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2025.03.1981_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2014.3824","article-title":"Time to cardioversion for acute atrial fibrillation and thromboembolic complications","volume":"312","author":"Nuotio","year":"2014","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2025.03.1981_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3314","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehae176","article-title":"2024 ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS)","volume":"45","author":"Van Gelder","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2025.03.1981_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1080\/07853890.2021.1930139","article-title":"Advanced interatrial block predicts ineffective cardioversion of atrial fibrillation: a FinCV2 cohort study","volume":"53","author":"Relander","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2025.03.1981_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"992","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2008.12.015","volume":"53","author":"Hancock","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2025.03.1981_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e235","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.191095","volume":"119","author":"Surawicz","year":"2009","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2025.03.1981_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2023.03.006","article-title":"P-wave terminal force in lead V1 and outcomes in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation undergoing catheter ablation","volume":"260","author":"Sudo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2025.03.1981_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1879","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.035455","article-title":"Modernized classification of cardiac antiarrhythmic drugs","volume":"138","author":"Lei","year":"2018","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2025.03.1981_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.121.024521","article-title":"Atrial structural remodeling in patients with atrial fibrillation is a diffuse fibrotic process: evidence from high-density voltage mapping and atrial biopsy","volume":"11","author":"Yamaguchi","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2025.03.1981_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-04535-7","article-title":"Electrocardiographic diagnosis of atrial cardiomyopathy to predict atrial contractile dysfunction, thrombogenesis and adverse cardiovascular outcomes","volume":"12","author":"M\u00fcller-Edenborn","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2025.03.1981_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jelectrocard.2021.06.011","article-title":"Abnormal P-wave terminal force in lead V1 is associated with low left atrial appendage ejection velocity","volume":"67","author":"McConkey","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Electrocardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2025.03.1981_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4055","DOI":"10.1002\/ehf2.13488","article-title":"Abnormal P-wave terminal force in lead V1 is a marker for atrial electrical dysfunction but not structural remodelling","volume":"8","author":"Lebek","year":"2021","journal-title":"ESC Heart Fail"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2025.03.1981_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1804","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacep.2023.04.006","article-title":"Interatrial block association with adverse cardiovascular outcomes in patients without a history of atrial fibrillation","volume":"9","author":"Lampert","year":"2023","journal-title":"JACC Clin Electrophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2025.03.1981_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2786","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.114.006364","article-title":"Electrocardiographic left atrial abnormality and risk of stroke","volume":"45","author":"Kamel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2025.03.1981_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000002888","article-title":"Advanced interatrial block and ischemic stroke: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study","volume":"87","author":"O\u2019Neal","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurology"}],"container-title":["Heart Rhythm"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S154752712502243X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S154752712502243X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T07:21:33Z","timestamp":1780557693000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S154752712502243X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S154752712502243X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.hrthm.2025.03.1981","relation":{},"ISSN":["1547-5271"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1547-5271","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Prevalence and progression of P-wave abnormalities in patients with atrial fibrillation","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Heart Rhythm","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.hrthm.2025.03.1981","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Heart Rhythm Society.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}