{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T14:37:07Z","timestamp":1793284627129,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788307200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009123","name":"Norges Teknisk-Naturvitenskapelige Universitet","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009123","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","heartandlung.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Heart & Lung"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2026.102941","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T19:58:47Z","timestamp":1789070327000},"page":"102941","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Pain characteristics in patients attending an outpatient heart failure clinic: A descriptive prospective study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"80","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4680-7603","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erlend","family":"Holthe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linn Beate","family":"Strand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P\u00e5l","family":"Klepstad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rune","family":"Mo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H\u00e5vard","family":"Dalen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kari Hanne","family":"Gjeilo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2026.102941_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1342","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.1858","article-title":"Epidemiology of heart failure","volume":"22","author":"Groenewegen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2026.102941_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3272","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvac013","article-title":"Global burden of heart failure: a comprehensive and updated review of epidemiology","volume":"118","author":"Savarese","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2026.102941_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1007\/s10741-016-9581-4","article-title":"Symptom burden in heart failure: assessment, impact on outcomes, and management","volume":"22","author":"Alpert","year":"2017","journal-title":"Heart Fail Rev"},{"issue":"36","key":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2026.102941_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3599","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehab368","article-title":"2021 ESC guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure","volume":"42","author":"McDonagh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2026.102941_bib0005","first-page":"e895","article-title":"2022 AHA\/ACC\/HFSA guideline for the management of heart failure: a report of the American college of cardiology\/american heart association joint committee on clinical practice guidelines","volume":"145","author":"Heidenreich","year":"2022","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2026.102941_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1549","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.3267","article-title":"Contemporary guideline-directed medical therapy in de novo, chronic, and worsening heart failure patients: first data from the TITRATE-HF study","volume":"26","author":"Malgie","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2026.102941_bib0007","first-page":"315","article-title":"Effectiveness of nurse-led heart failure clinic: a systematic review","volume":"11","author":"Wu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Nurs Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2026.102941_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1097\/JCN.0000000000001115","article-title":"Chronic pain in heart failure: an urgent need for improved characterization and treatment","volume":"40","author":"Smith","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Nurs"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2026.102941_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"984","DOI":"10.1007\/s12265-021-10104-0","article-title":"Greater pain severity is associated with worse outcomes in patients with heart failure","volume":"14","author":"Feng","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Transl Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2026.102941_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E386","DOI":"10.1097\/JCN.0000000000001297","article-title":"Pain and chronic musculoskeletal pain in individuals with heart failure compared with the general population: the HUNT study","volume":"41","author":"Holthe","year":"2026","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Nurs"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2026.102941_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2017.05.005","article-title":"The characteristics of pain in patients diagnosed with depression and heart failure","volume":"18","author":"Haedtke","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pain Manag Nurs"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2026.102941_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"770","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2021.04.016","article-title":"Pain intensity and pain medication prescription patterns in veterans with heart failure and back pain","volume":"50","author":"Cavanagh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Heart Lung"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2026.102941_bib0013","first-page":"129","article-title":"Pain assessment: global use of the brief pain inventory","volume":"23","author":"Cleeland","year":"1994","journal-title":"Ann Acad Med Singap"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2026.102941_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2007.01.010","article-title":"Validation of the brief pain inventory in patients six months after cardiac surgery","volume":"34","author":"Gjeilo","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Pain Symptom Manage"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2026.102941_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1097\/00002508-200409000-00005","article-title":"Validity of the brief pain inventory for use in documenting the outcomes of patients with noncancer pain","volume":"20","author":"Keller","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin J Pain"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2026.102941_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1016\/S0885-3924(02)00526-2","article-title":"The Norwegian brief pain inventory questionnaire: translation and validation in cancer pain patients","volume":"24","author":"Klepstad","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Pain Symptom Manage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2026.102941_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-9-55","article-title":"Cutpoints for mild, moderate and severe pain in patients with osteoarthritis of the hip or knee ready for joint replacement surgery","volume":"9","author":"Kapstad","year":"2008","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2026.102941_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2011.10.025","article-title":"Computer-based symptom assessment is feasible in patients with advanced cancer: results from an international multicenter study, the EPCRC-CSA","volume":"44","author":"Hjermstad","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Pain Symptom Manage"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2026.102941_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2007.03.016","article-title":"The Alberta breakthrough pain assessment tool for cancer patients: a validation study using a delphi process and patient think-aloud interviews","volume":"35","author":"Hagen","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Pain Symptom Manage"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2026.102941_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjspcare-2015-000887","article-title":"Characteristics of breakthrough cancer pain and its influence on quality of life in an international cohort of patients with cancer","volume":"6","author":"Hjermstad","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMJ Support Palliat Care"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2026.102941_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000002793","article-title":"Accuracy of neuropathic pain measurements in patients with symptoms of polyneuropathy: validation of painDETECT, self-completed leeds assessment of neuropathic symptoms and signs, and douleur neuropathique 4","volume":"164","author":"Dunker","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pain"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2026.102941_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2004.11.007","article-title":"The S-LANSS score for identifying pain of predominantly neuropathic origin: validation for use in clinical and postal research","volume":"6","author":"Bennett","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2026.102941_bib0023","first-page":"198","article-title":"Patient's self-assessment of their congestive heart failure: content, reliability, validity of a new measure, the Minnesota living with heart failure questionnaire","volume":"3","author":"Rector","year":"1987","journal-title":"Heart Fail"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2026.102941_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1727","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-011-9903-x","article-title":"Development and preliminary testing of the new five-level version of EQ-5D (EQ-5D-5L)","volume":"20","author":"Herdman","year":"2011","journal-title":"Qual Life Res"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2026.102941_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x","article-title":"The PHQ-9: validity of a brief depression severity measure","volume":"16","author":"Kroenke","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2026.102941_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9681(87)90171-8","article-title":"A new method of classifying prognostic comorbidity in longitudinal studies: development and validation","volume":"40","author":"Charlson","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Chronic Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2026.102941_bib0027","author":"Bozkurt","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Card Fail"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2026.102941_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E80","DOI":"10.1097\/ANS.0000000000000559","article-title":"Development of a situation-specific biopsychosocial model of pain in heart failure","volume":"48","author":"Smith","year":"2025","journal-title":"ANS Adv Nurs Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2026.102941_bib0029","first-page":"49","article-title":"Chronic pain in chronic heart failure: a review article","volume":"12","author":"Alemzadeh-Ansari","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Tehran Heart Cent"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2026.102941_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2191","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.281053","article-title":"World medical association declaration of Helsinki: ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects","volume":"310","year":"2013","journal-title":"Jama"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2026.102941_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1186\/s12872-022-02864-7","article-title":"Prevalence of pain and its association with quality of life of patients with heart failure in a developing country: findings from a multicenter cross-sectional study","volume":"22","author":"Mhesin","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Cardiovasc Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2026.102941_bib0032","first-page":"1006","article-title":"Inflammation-related biomarkers are associated with heart failure severity and poor clinical outcomes in patients with non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy","volume":"11","author":"Ka\u017eukauskien\u0117","year":"2021","journal-title":"Life (Basel)"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2026.102941_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2024.12.012","article-title":"Interleukin-6 in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction and the effect of dapagliflozin: an exploratory analysis of the dapagliflozin and prevention of adverse outcomes in heart failure trial","volume":"13","author":"Docherty","year":"2025","journal-title":"JACC Heart Fail"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2026.102941_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2024.131818","article-title":"High-sensitivity C-reactive protein in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: findings from TOPCAT","volume":"402","author":"Ferreira","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2026.102941_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2017.01.011","article-title":"The effects of acute psychological stress on circulating and stimulated inflammatory markers: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"64","author":"Marsland","year":"2017","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2026.102941_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1531","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2021.0153","article-title":"Impact of acute and chronic psychosocial stress on vascular inflammation","volume":"35","author":"Hinterdobler","year":"2021","journal-title":"Antioxid Redox Signal"},{"issue":"6312","key":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2026.102941_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaf8924","article-title":"Pain regulation by non-neuronal cells and inflammation","volume":"354","author":"Ji","year":"2016","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2026.102941_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/17448069231178176","article-title":"Inflammation in pathogenesis of chronic pain: foe and friend","volume":"19","author":"Fang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mol Pain"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2026.102941_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1097\/JCN.0000000000000878","article-title":"Characterizing pain leading to emergency medical services activation in heart failure","volume":"37","author":"Smith","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Nurs"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2026.102941_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2013.11.013","article-title":"Neuropathic pain in the general population: a systematic review of epidemiological studies","volume":"155","author":"van Hecke","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pain"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2026.102941_bib0041","article-title":"Epidemiology of neuropathic pain: an analysis of prevalence and associated factors in UK Biobank","volume":"8","author":"Baskozos","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pain Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2026.102941_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1890","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9061890","article-title":"Prevalence of migraine and neuropathic pain in rheumatic diseases","volume":"9","author":"Mathieu","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2026.102941_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0074195","article-title":"Chronic pain with neuropathic characteristics in diabetic patients: a French cross-sectional study","volume":"8","author":"Bouhassira","year":"2013","journal-title":"PloS one"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2026.102941_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1186\/s12904-018-0336-y","article-title":"Prevalence and characteristics of breakthrough cancer pain in an outpatient clinic in a Catalan teaching hospital: incorporation of the edmonton classification system for cancer pain into the diagnostic algorithm","volume":"17","author":"Canal-Sotelo","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Palliat Care"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2026.102941_bib0045","first-page":"1965","article-title":"A cross-sectional study on prevalence of pain and breakthrough pain among an unselected group of outpatients in a tertiary cancer clinic","volume":"22","author":"Raj","year":"2014","journal-title":"Support Care Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2026.102941_bib0046","first-page":"17","article-title":"Frailty, health literacy and self-care in patients admitted with acute heart failure","volume":"143","author":"Munkhaugen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Tidsskr Laegeforen"}],"container-title":["Heart & Lung"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0147956326002256?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0147956326002256?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T14:16:15Z","timestamp":1793283375000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0147956326002256"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"references-count":46,"alternative-id":["S0147956326002256"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2026.102941","relation":{},"ISSN":["0147-9563"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0147-9563","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Pain characteristics in patients attending an outpatient heart failure clinic: A descriptive prospective study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Heart & Lung","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2026.102941","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"102941"}}