{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T22:57:29Z","timestamp":1790290649936,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,1]],"date-time":"2009-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1243814400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,1]],"date-time":"2009-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1243814400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Human Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.humimm.2009.01.007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,21]],"date-time":"2009-01-21T14:26:10Z","timestamp":1232547970000},"page":"383-390","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":126,"title":["Th1\/Th2 immune responses are associated with active cutaneous leishmaniasis and clinical cure is associated with strong interferon-\u03b3 production"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"70","author":[{"given":"L\u00facio Roberto","family":"Castellano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dalmo Correia","family":"Filho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurent","family":"Argiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helia","family":"Dessein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alu\u00edzio","family":"Prata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alain","family":"Dessein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Virmondes","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.humimm.2009.01.007_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(93)90030-T","article-title":"The clinical and immunological spectrum of American cutaneous leishmaniasis","volume":"87","author":"Convit","year":"1993","journal-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humimm.2009.01.007_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1038\/nri933","article-title":"The immunology of susceptibility and resistance to Leishmania major in mice","volume":"2","author":"Sacks","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humimm.2009.01.007_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1995.53.273","article-title":"Characterization of the immune response in subjects with self-healing cutaneous leishmaniasis","volume":"53","author":"Carvalho","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humimm.2009.01.007_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3024.2002.00488.x","article-title":"Endemically exposed asymptomatic individuals show no increase in the specific Leishmania (Viannia) panamensis-Th1 immune response in comparison to patients with localized cutaneous leishmaniasis","volume":"24","author":"Trujillo","year":"2002","journal-title":"Parasite Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humimm.2009.01.007_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1628","DOI":"10.1086\/324665","article-title":"High intralesional interleukin-10 messenger RNA expression in localized cutaneous leishmaniasis is associated with unresponsiveness to treatment","volume":"184","author":"Bourreau","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humimm.2009.01.007_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.1993.tb05931.x","article-title":"Determination of the cytokine profile in American cutaneous leishmaniasis using the polymerase chain reaction","volume":"91","author":"Caceres-Dittmar","year":"1993","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humimm.2009.01.007_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1687","DOI":"10.1086\/515297","article-title":"Immunologic determinants of disease evolution in localized cutaneous leishmaniasis due to Leishmania major","volume":"177","author":"Louzir","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humimm.2009.01.007_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1390","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI116341","article-title":"Cytokine patterns in the pathogenesis of human leishmaniasis","volume":"91","author":"Pirmez","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humimm.2009.01.007_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6139","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.180.9.6139","article-title":"Immunological and genetic evidence for a crucial role of IL-10 in cutaneous lesions in humans infected with Leishmania braziliensis","volume":"180","author":"Salhi","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humimm.2009.01.007_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1016\/S0732-8893(03)00141-X","article-title":"Antibody subclass profile against Leishmania braziliensis and Leishmania amazonensis in the diagnosis and follow-up of mucosal leishmaniasis","volume":"47","author":"Junqueira Pedras","year":"2003","journal-title":"Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humimm.2009.01.007_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2004.09.005","article-title":"Antibody response in patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis infected by Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis or Leishmania (Viannia) guyanensis in Brazil","volume":"93","author":"Romero","year":"2005","journal-title":"Acta Trop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humimm.2009.01.007_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3024.1996.d01-113.x","article-title":"The IgG isotypes of specific antibodies in patients with American cutaneous leishmaniasis; relationship to the cell-mediated immune response","volume":"18","author":"Rodriguez","year":"1996","journal-title":"Parasite Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humimm.2009.01.007_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.62.3.837-842.1994","article-title":"Increased expression of proinflammatory cytokines in chronic lesions of human cutaneous leishmaniasis","volume":"62","author":"Melby","year":"1994","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humimm.2009.01.007_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1233","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.66.3.1233-1236.1998","article-title":"Transforming growth factor beta and immunosuppression in experimental visceral leishmaniasis","volume":"66","author":"Rodrigues","year":"1998","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humimm.2009.01.007_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2934","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.174.5.2934","article-title":"Nonhealing infection despite Th1 polarization produced by a strain of Leishmania major in C57BL\/6 mice","volume":"174","author":"Anderson","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humimm.2009.01.007_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3024.1999.00240.x","article-title":"Leishmania major infection in interleukin-4 and interferon-gamma depleted mice","volume":"21","author":"Chatelain","year":"1999","journal-title":"Parasite Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humimm.2009.01.007_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02762004000300009","article-title":"Leishmania braziliensis: Partial control of experimental infection by interleukin-12 p40 deficient mice","volume":"99","author":"de Souza-Neto","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humimm.2009.01.007_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1760","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.68.4.1760-1764.2000","article-title":"Comparison of the immune profile of nonhealing cutaneous leishmaniasis patients with those with active lesions and those who have recovered from infection","volume":"68","author":"Ajdary","year":"2000","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humimm.2009.01.007_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.180.3.783","article-title":"Tissue expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase is closely associated with resistance to Leishmania major","volume":"180","author":"Stenger","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humimm.2009.01.007_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2230.2003.01206.x","article-title":"Nitric oxide and cellular immunity in experimental cutaneous leishmaniasis","volume":"28","author":"Diaz","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humimm.2009.01.007_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4638","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.70.8.4638-4642.2002","article-title":"Expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in skin lesions of patients with American cutaneous leishmaniasis","volume":"70","author":"Qadoumi","year":"2002","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humimm.2009.01.007_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1259","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.182.5.1259","article-title":"Polymorphism in tumor necrosis factor genes associated with mucocutaneous leishmaniasis","volume":"182","author":"Cabrera","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humimm.2009.01.007_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02761996000200019","article-title":"Tumor necrosis factor-alpha in human American tegumentary leishmaniasis","volume":"91","author":"Da-Cruz","year":"1996","journal-title":"Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humimm.2009.01.007_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7011","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.88.16.7011","article-title":"Production of interferon gamma, interleukin 2, interleukin 4, and interleukin 10 by CD4+ lymphocytes in vivo during healing and progressive murine leishmaniasis","volume":"88","author":"Heinzel","year":"1991","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humimm.2009.01.007_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.171.1.115","article-title":"Cure of murine leishmaniasis with anti-interleukin 4 monoclonal antibody","volume":"171","author":"Sadick","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humimm.2009.01.007_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1590\/S0100-879X1998000100019","article-title":"Immunologic patterns associated with cure in human American cutaneous leishmaniasis","volume":"31","author":"Coutinho","year":"1998","journal-title":"Braz J Med Biol Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humimm.2009.01.007_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3024.1999.00224.x","article-title":"Experimental Leishmania major infection in mice: Role of IL-10","volume":"21","author":"Chatelain","year":"1999","journal-title":"Parasite Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humimm.2009.01.007_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3705","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.171.7.3705","article-title":"The role of interleukin-10 in susceptibility of BALB\/c mice to infection with Leishmania mexicana and Leishmania amazonensis","volume":"171","author":"Padigel","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humimm.2009.01.007_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01152","article-title":"CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells control Leishmania major persistence and immunity","volume":"420","author":"Belkaid","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humimm.2009.01.007_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1731","DOI":"10.1086\/315071","article-title":"Down-regulation of Th1 type of response in early human American cutaneous leishmaniasis","volume":"180","author":"Rocha","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humimm.2009.01.007_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1313","DOI":"10.1086\/502980","article-title":"CD4+CD25+ T cells in skin lesions of patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis exhibit phenotypic and functional characteristics of natural regulatory T cells","volume":"193","author":"Campanelli","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"}],"container-title":["Human Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0198885909000123?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0198885909000123?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T11:49:04Z","timestamp":1759319344000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0198885909000123"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,6]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S0198885909000123"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.humimm.2009.01.007","relation":{},"ISSN":["0198-8859"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0198-8859","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Th1\/Th2 immune responses are associated with active cutaneous leishmaniasis and clinical cure is associated with strong interferon-\u03b3 production","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Human Immunology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.humimm.2009.01.007","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2009 American Society for Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}