{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T20:53:53Z","timestamp":1781124833006,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,1]],"date-time":"2020-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1596240000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,1]],"date-time":"2020-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1596240000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009619","name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009619","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Human Pathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2020.06.001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,12]],"date-time":"2020-06-12T11:23:17Z","timestamp":1591960997000},"page":"33-43","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Non\u2013diffuse large B-cell lymphoma transformation from follicular lymphoma: a single-institution study of 19 cases"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"102","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7251-7920","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Akiko Miyagi","family":"Maeshima","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hirokazu","family":"Taniguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanae","family":"Ida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rika","family":"Hosoba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takahiro","family":"Fujino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5990-167X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yo","family":"Saito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sayako","family":"Yuda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6609-8088","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shinichi","family":"Makita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suguru","family":"Fukuhara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4679-0656","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wataru","family":"Munakata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tatsuya","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dai","family":"Maruyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Koji","family":"Izutsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2020.06.001_bib1","series-title":"WHO classification of tumours of haematopoietic and lymphoid tissues","first-page":"266","article-title":"Follicular lymphoma","author":"Jaffe","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2020.06.001_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1007\/s00277-017-3151-2","article-title":"Transformed follicular lymphoma","volume":"97","author":"Fischer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Hematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2020.06.001_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5165","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2008.16.0283","article-title":"Population \u2013based analysis of incidence and outcome of transformed non-Hodgkin\u2019s lymphoma","volume":"26","author":"Al-Tourah","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2020.06.001_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2006.06439.x","article-title":"Transformation of follicular lymphoma to diffuse large B-cell lymphoma proceeds by distinct oncogenic mechanisms","volume":"136","author":"Davies","year":"2007","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2020.06.001_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1760","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1349-7006.2008.00873.x","article-title":"Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma after transformation from low-grade follicular lymphoma: morphological, immunohistochemical, and FISH analyses","volume":"99","author":"Maeshima","year":"2008","journal-title":"Canc Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2020.06.001_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19890215)63:4<700::AID-CNCR2820630417>3.0.CO;2-S","article-title":"Progression of follicular large cell lymphoma to Burkitt's lymphoma","volume":"63","author":"Sham","year":"1989","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2020.06.001_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"758","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V80.3.758.758","article-title":"MYC rearrangements in histologically progressed follicular lymphoma","volume":"80","author":"Yano","year":"1992","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2020.06.001_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2005.01.004","article-title":"Transformation of follicular lymphoma to Burkitt-like lymphoma within a single lymph node","volume":"36","author":"Mukhopadhyay","year":"2005","journal-title":"Hum Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2020.06.001_bib9","first-page":"788","article-title":"Double-hit and triple-hit lymphomas arising from follicular lymphoma following acquisition of MYC: report of two cases and literature review","volume":"6","author":"Xu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Clin Exp Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2020.06.001_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1097\/DAD.0000000000001076","article-title":"Cutaneous involvement in a high grade B-cell lymphoma with rearrangement of MYC, BCL2, and BCL6 transformed from follicular lymphoma","volume":"41","author":"Martinez-Mera","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Dermatopathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2020.06.001_bib11","first-page":"297","article-title":"The interrelationship of Hodgkin's disease and non-Hodgkin\u2019s lymphomas-lesions learned from composite and sequential malignancies","volume":"9","author":"Jaffe","year":"1992","journal-title":"Semin Diagn Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2020.06.001_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V83.1.223.223","article-title":"The BCL2 oncogene in Hodgkin's disease arising in the setting of follicular non-Hodgkin\u2019s lymphoma","volume":"83","author":"LeBrun","year":"1994","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2020.06.001_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1239","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199904223401604","article-title":"Identification of common germinal-center B-cell precursors in two patients with both Hodgkin's disease and non-Hodgkin\u2019s lymphoma","volume":"340","author":"Brauninger","year":"1999","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2020.06.001_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3804","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1999.17.12.3804","article-title":"Classical Hodgkin's disease and follicular lymphoma originating from the same germinal center B cell","volume":"17","author":"Marafioti","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2020.06.001_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1093\/jjco\/hyv101","article-title":"Clinicopathological features of classical Hodgkin lymphoma in patients \u226540 years old, with special reference to composite cases","volume":"45","author":"Maeshima","year":"2015","journal-title":"Jpn J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2020.06.001_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1373","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198805263182106","article-title":"Activation of the c-myc oncogene in a precursor-B-cell blast crisis of follicular lymphoma, presenting as composite lymphoma","volume":"318","author":"De Jong","year":"1988","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2020.06.001_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8548","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.85.22.8548","article-title":"Evolution of B-cell malignancy: pre-B-cell leukemia resulting from MYC activation in a B-cell neoplasm with a rearranged BCL2 gene","volume":"85","author":"Gauwerky","year":"1988","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2020.06.001_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2014.10.021","article-title":"Lymphoblastic transformation of follicular lymphoma: a clinicopathologic and molecular analysis of 7 patients","volume":"46","author":"Geyer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hum Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2020.06.001_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1309\/NKK3FEX2BE5L7EKB","article-title":"Transformation of follicular lymphoma with c-myc gene rearrangement as a critical event","volume":"129","author":"Young","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2020.06.001_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1080\/10520290500305310","article-title":"Prolymphocytoid transformation of follicular lymphoma with coexpression of CD5 and CD10","volume":"47","author":"Lau","year":"2006","journal-title":"Leuk Lymphoma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2020.06.001_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1007\/s12185-019-02591-4","article-title":"Follicular lymphoma suggested to transform into EBV-negative plasmablastic lymphoma","volume":"109","author":"Yamada","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Hematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2020.06.001_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"972","DOI":"10.1309\/AJCPWY1SGJ9IEAOR","article-title":"Transformation of follicular lymphoma to plasmablastic lymphoma with c-myc gene rearrangement","volume":"134","author":"Ouansafi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2020.06.001_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-199705000-00004","article-title":"Transformation of follicular lymphoma into CD30-large cell lymphoma with anaplastic cytologic feature","volume":"21","author":"Alsabeh","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2020.06.001_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1349-7006.2008.01005.x","article-title":"Histologic and immunophenotypic changes in 59 cases of B-cell non-Hodgkin\u2019s lymphoma after rituximab therapy","volume":"100","author":"Maeshima","year":"2009","journal-title":"Canc Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2020.06.001_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1111\/his.13919","article-title":"CD30+ large B cell lymphoma with anaplastic features and complete loss of B cell marker expression arising from follicular lymphoma","volume":"75","author":"Raess","year":"2019","journal-title":"Histopathology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2020.06.001_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5433","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2007-11-124792","article-title":"Clonally related follicular lymphomas and histiocytic\/dendritic cell sarcomas: evidence for transdifferentiation of the follicular lymphoma clone","volume":"111","author":"Feldman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2020.06.001_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1937","DOI":"10.1038\/leu.2014.167","article-title":"Follicular lymphoma transformation into histiocytic sarcoma: indications for a common neoplastic progenitor","volume":"28","author":"Brunner","year":"2014","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2020.06.001_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5234","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2006.07.5671","article-title":"Clinicopathologic characteristics and outcome of diffuse large B-cell lymphomas presenting with an associated low-grade component at diagnosis","volume":"24","author":"Ghesqui\u00e8res","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2020.06.001_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2015-01-621375","article-title":"Outcomes of transformed follicular lymphoma in the modern era: a report from the National LymphoCare Study (NLCS)","volume":"126","author":"Wagner-Johnston","year":"2015","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2020.06.001_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.14831","article-title":"Risk of, and survival following, histological transformation in follicular lymphoma in the rituximab era. A retrospective multicentre study by the Spanish GELTAMO group","volume":"178","author":"Alonso-\u00c1lvarez","year":"2017","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2020.06.001_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"952","DOI":"10.1111\/cas.12158","article-title":"Clinicopathological prognostic indicators in 107 patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma transformed from follicular lymphoma","volume":"104","author":"Maeshima","year":"2013","journal-title":"Canc Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2020.06.001_bib32","series-title":"WHO classification of tumours of haematopoietic and lymphoid tissues","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2020.06.001_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.1097\/01.pas.0000167362.06148.95","article-title":"Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with extra Bcl-2 gene signals detected by FISH analysis is associated with a \"non-germinal center phenotype","volume":"29","author":"Kusumoto","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2020.06.001_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2407-12-457","article-title":"Deletion of the TNFAIP3\/A20 gene detected by FICTION analysis in classical Hodgkin lymphoma","volume":"12","author":"Nomoto","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Canc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2020.06.001_bib35","first-page":"1","article-title":"Transformation of follicular lymphoma to a high-grade B-cell lymphoma with MYC and BCL2 translocations and overlapping features of Burkitt lymphoma and acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a case report and literature review","volume":"10","author":"Bischin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Med Insights Blood Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2020.06.001_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1038\/s41379-018-0112-9","article-title":"High-grade B-cell lymphomas with TdT expression: a diagnostic and classification dilemma","volume":"32","author":"Ok","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"}],"container-title":["Human Pathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0046817720301076?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0046817720301076?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,23]],"date-time":"2025-09-23T16:37:13Z","timestamp":1758645433000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0046817720301076"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]},"references-count":36,"alternative-id":["S0046817720301076"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.humpath.2020.06.001","relation":{},"ISSN":["0046-8177"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0046-8177","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Non\u2013diffuse large B-cell lymphoma transformation from follicular lymphoma: a single-institution study of 19 cases","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Human Pathology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.humpath.2020.06.001","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}