{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,3]],"date-time":"2026-05-03T04:47:34Z","timestamp":1777783654062,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]],"date-time":"2024-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709251200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]],"date-time":"2024-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709251200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]],"date-time":"2024-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709251200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]],"date-time":"2024-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709251200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]],"date-time":"2024-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709251200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]],"date-time":"2024-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709251200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]],"date-time":"2024-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709251200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011912","name":"Taipei Veterans General Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011912","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Human Pathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2024.02.012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,27]],"date-time":"2024-02-27T16:18:49Z","timestamp":1709050729000},"page":"80-85","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Colorectal neuroendocrine carcinoma and mixed neuroendocrine-non-neuroendocrine neoplasm: Prognostic factors and PD-L1 expression"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"145","author":[{"given":"Yi Hsuan","family":"Ho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chih Yi","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna Fen","family":"Yau Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8442-3152","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wen Yih","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2024.02.012_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163\u20129","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-003-0038-1","article-title":"Neuroendocrine carcinomas of the colon and rectum","volume":"47","author":"Bernick","year":"2004","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2024.02.012_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"745\u201256","DOI":"10.1007\/s00384-020-03809-2","article-title":"Poorer prognosis for neuroendocrine carcinoma than signet ring cell cancer of the colon and rectum (CRC-NEC): a propensity score matching analysis of patients from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database","volume":"36","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Colorectal Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2024.02.012_bib3","series-title":"WHO classification of tumours editorial board, editor. WHO classification of tumours: digestive System tumours","first-page":"16\u20129","article-title":"Classification of neuroendocrine neoplasm of the digestive system","author":"Klimstra","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2024.02.012_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284\u2012311","DOI":"10.1007\/s12022-016-9432-9","article-title":"Mixed neuroendocrine-nonneuroendocrine neoplasms (MiNENs): unifying the concept of a heterogeneous group of neoplasms","volume":"27","author":"La Rosa","year":"2016","journal-title":"Endocr Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2024.02.012_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412\u201225","DOI":"10.1159\/000475527","article-title":"Digestive system mixed neuroendocrine-non-neuroendocrine neoplasms","volume":"105","author":"de Mestier","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2024.02.012_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601\u201211","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0b013e318242e21c","article-title":"Colorectal poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas and mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinomas: insights into the diagnostic immunophenotype, assessment of methylation profile, and search for prognostic markers","volume":"36","author":"La Rosa","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2024.02.012_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583\u201293","DOI":"10.1530\/ERC-17-0557","article-title":"Ki67 proliferative index of the neuroendocrine component drives MANEC prognosis","volume":"25","author":"Milione","year":"2018","journal-title":"Endocr Relat Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2024.02.012_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-020-0116-z","article-title":"Comprehensive review of targeted therapy for colorectal cancer","volume":"5","author":"Xie","year":"2020","journal-title":"Signal Transduct Targeted Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2024.02.012_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1127\u201233","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-019-07203-3","article-title":"Survival in patients with high-grade colorectal neuroendocrine carcinomas: the role of surgery and chemotherapy","volume":"26","author":"Fields","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2024.02.012_bib10","first-page":"273\u20127","article-title":"Mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma of the colon and rectum","volume":"118","author":"Qiu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Chir Belg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2024.02.012_bib11","first-page":"35\u201245","article-title":"Microsatellite unstable gastrointestinal neuroendocrine carcinomas: a new clinicopathologic entity","volume":"22","author":"Sahnane","year":"2015","journal-title":"Endocr Relat Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2024.02.012_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274\u20127","DOI":"10.1097\/CJI.0000000000000279","article-title":"Metastatic mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma of the colon with response to immunotherapy with pembrolizumab: a case report","volume":"42","author":"Stueger","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Immunother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2024.02.012_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2363\u201270","DOI":"10.1007\/s12253-020-00832-0","article-title":"PD-L1 expression in small cell and large cell neuroendocrine carcinomas of lung: an immunohistochemical study with review of literature","volume":"26","author":"Guleria","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pathol Oncol Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2024.02.012_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454\u20129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcma.2015.04.002","article-title":"High neuroendocrine component is a factor for poor prognosis in gastrointestinal high-grade malignant mixed adenoneuroendocrine neoplasms","volume":"78","author":"Chen","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Chin Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2024.02.012_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124\u201234","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2015.11.004","article-title":"Colorectal poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas frequently exhibit BRAF mutations and are associated with poor overall survival","volume":"49","author":"Olevian","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hum Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2024.02.012_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1\u20127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clcc.2015.12.007","article-title":"High-grade neuroendocrine colorectal carcinomas: a retrospective study of 100 patients","volume":"15","author":"Conte","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Colorectal Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2024.02.012_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152\u201260","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mds276","article-title":"Predictive and prognostic factors for treatment and survival in 305 patients with advanced gastrointestinal neuroendocrine carcinoma (WHO G3): the NORDIC NEC study","volume":"24","author":"Sorbye","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2024.02.012_bib18","first-page":"922\u201232","article-title":"Comparative analysis of colorectal mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma and adenocarcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation: a population-based study","volume":"12","author":"Song","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Clin Exp Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2024.02.012_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/jne.13249","article-title":"European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society (ENETS) 2023 guidance paper for digestive neuroendocrine carcinoma","volume":"35","author":"Sorbye","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Neuroendocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2024.02.012_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5181\u2012206","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v26.i34.5181","article-title":"Mixed epithelial endocrine neoplasms of the colon and rectum - an evolution over time: a systematic review","volume":"26","author":"Kanthan","year":"2020","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2024.02.012_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"594\u2012600","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-15-1192","article-title":"BRAFV600E mutations in high-grade colorectal neuroendocrine tumors may predict responsiveness to BRAF-MEK combination therapy","volume":"6","author":"Klempner","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cancer Discov"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2024.02.012_bib22","first-page":"1035\u201240","article-title":"Targeting BRAF mutations in high-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma of the colon","volume":"16","author":"Burkart","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Natl Compr Cancer Netw"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2024.02.012_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1379\u201290","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.31828","article-title":"BRAF(V600E) mutation: a promising target in colorectal neuroendocrine carcinoma","volume":"144","author":"Dizdar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2024.02.012_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49\u201254","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2017.10.003","article-title":"Expression of PD-1 and PD-L1 in poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas of the digestive system: a potential target for anti-PD-1\/PD-L1 therapy","volume":"70","author":"Roberts","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hum Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2024.02.012_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2290\u20126","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-19-3356","article-title":"A phase II basket trial of dual anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1 blockade in rare tumors (DART SWOG 1609) in patients with nonpancreatic neuroendocrine tumors","volume":"26","author":"Patel","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2024.02.012_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"484\u20129","DOI":"10.7150\/jca.13711","article-title":"The impact of PD-L1 expression in patients with metastatic GEP-NETs","volume":"7","author":"Kim","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Cancer"}],"container-title":["Human Pathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0046817724000352?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0046817724000352?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,15]],"date-time":"2025-03-15T08:34:32Z","timestamp":1742027672000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0046817724000352"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"references-count":26,"alternative-id":["S0046817724000352"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.humpath.2024.02.012","relation":{},"ISSN":["0046-8177"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0046-8177","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Colorectal neuroendocrine carcinoma and mixed neuroendocrine-non-neuroendocrine neoplasm: Prognostic factors and PD-L1 expression","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Human Pathology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.humpath.2024.02.012","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}