{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T05:04:28Z","timestamp":1781067868261,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005247","name":"University of British Columbia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005247","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Human Pathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2026.106142","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T22:59:18Z","timestamp":1778108358000},"page":"106142","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["TSC2, cathepsin K, and \u03b2-catenin as immunohistochemical markers for lymphangioleiomyomatosis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"174","author":[{"given":"Abdullah","family":"Alfayez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Belanger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Cheung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4851-8517","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew","family":"Churg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2026.106142_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/hcr116","article-title":"Use of variability in national and regional data to estimate the prevalence of lymphangioleiomyomatosis","volume":"104","author":"Harknett","year":"2011","journal-title":"QJM: Int J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2026.106142_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.2017.52","article-title":"Genomic rearrangements in sporadic lymphangioleiomyomatosis: an evolving genetic story","volume":"30","author":"Murphy","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2026.106142_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.164.4.2101154","article-title":"Prevalence and clinical characteristics of lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) in patients with Tuberous sclerosis complex","volume":"164","author":"Moss","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2026.106142_bib4","article-title":"High prevalence of TSC2 mutations in lung tissue samples from patients with sporadic lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM)","author":"Bou","year":"2026","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2026.106142_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6085","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.97.11.6085","article-title":"Mutations in the Tuberous sclerosis complex gene TSC2 are a cause of sporadic pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis","volume":"97","author":"Carsillo","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2026.106142_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1313","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(21)00228-9","article-title":"Lymphangioleiomyomatosis: pathogenesis, clinical features, diagnosis, and management","volume":"9","author":"McCarthy","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2026.106142_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-199311000-00002","article-title":"Transbronchial biopsy in lymphangiomyomatosis of the lung HMB45 for diagnosis","volume":"17","author":"Bonetti","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2026.106142_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"776","DOI":"10.1309\/AJCPPC9EX1ZHMRMA","article-title":"\u03b2-Catenin is a useful adjunct immunohistochemical marker for the diagnosis of pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis","volume":"135","author":"Flavin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2026.106142_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1097\/PAI.0000000000000968","article-title":"Cathepsin K is superior to HMB45 for the diagnosis of pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis","volume":"30","author":"Rolim","year":"2022","journal-title":"Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2026.106142_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.2008.189","article-title":"Cathepsin-k expression in pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis","volume":"22","author":"Chilosi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2026.106142_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1007\/s002920100462","article-title":"Morphologische und immunhistochemische Befunde","volume":"22","author":"Kuhnen","year":"2001","journal-title":"Pathologe"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2026.106142_sref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"698","DOI":"10.1111\/his.70026","article-title":"GPNMB immunohistochemistry is a useful ancillary tool for the diagnosis of pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis","volume":"88","author":"Szalai","year":"2026","journal-title":"Histopathology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2026.106142_bib12a","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1097\/PAI.0000000000000968","article-title":"Cathepsin K is Superior to HMB45 for the Diagnosis of Pulmonary Lymphangioleiomyomatosis","volume":"30","author":"Rolim","year":"2022","journal-title":"Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2026.106142_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2024.105693","article-title":"Genetic validation of a TSC2 immunohistochemistry assay in TSC\/mTOR-pathway altered renal tumors","volume":"154","author":"Akbari","year":"2024","journal-title":"Hum Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2026.106142_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1309\/AJCPDTRTO2Z4UEXD","article-title":"A broad survey of cathepsin K immunoreactivity in human neoplasms","volume":"139","author":"Zheng","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2026.106142_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1595","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1100391","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of sirolimus in lymphangioleiomyomatosis","volume":"364","author":"McCormack","year":"2011","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2026.106142_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.3109\/01902140902822304","article-title":"Role for cathepsin K in emphysema in smoke-exposed Guinea pigs","volume":"35","author":"Golovatch","year":"2009","journal-title":"Exp Lung Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2026.106142_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1015","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0000000000000416","article-title":"Incidental pelvic and para-aortic lymph node lymphangioleiomyomatosis detected during surgical staging of pelvic cancer in women without symptomatic pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis or Tuberous sclerosis complex","volume":"39","author":"Rabban","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2026.106142_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1251","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.2010.114","article-title":"Loss of heterozygosity on Tuberous sclerosis complex genes in multifocal micronodular pneumocyte hyperplasia","volume":"23","author":"Hayashi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2026.106142_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1305","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.10.4420","article-title":"Diffuse cystic lung disease at high-resolution CT","volume":"196","author":"Seaman","year":"2011","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"}],"container-title":["Human Pathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0046817726001115?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0046817726001115?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T04:52:10Z","timestamp":1781067130000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0046817726001115"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"references-count":20,"alternative-id":["S0046817726001115"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.humpath.2026.106142","relation":{},"ISSN":["0046-8177"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0046-8177","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"TSC2, cathepsin K, and \u03b2-catenin as immunohistochemical markers for lymphangioleiomyomatosis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Human Pathology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.humpath.2026.106142","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"106142"}}