{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T17:31:05Z","timestamp":1793813465847,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785369600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ibroneuroreports.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["IBRO Neuroscience Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ibneur.2026.07.021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T15:16:30Z","timestamp":1785510990000},"page":"464-473","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Transcranial direct current stimulation enhances cognitive performance and modulates QEEG beta- and theta-band power in patients undergoing whole-brain radiotherapy"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Leila","family":"Halavi Anjar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amir","family":"Ghasemi Jangjoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Touraj","family":"Hashemi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Davood","family":"Khezerloo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hassan","family":"Sabouri Moghaddam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ibneur.2026.07.021_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/3267409","article-title":"From Whole-Brain Radiotherapy to Immunotherapy: A Multidisciplinary Approach for Patients with Brain Metastases from NSCLC","volume":"2019","author":"Protopapa","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ibneur.2026.07.021_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2021.772789","article-title":"Modern radiation therapy for the management of brain metastases from non-small cell lung cancer: current approaches and future directions","volume":"11","author":"Mantovani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ibneur.2026.07.021_bib3","article-title":"Cognitive changes in response to treatment of brain tumors: The late-delayed effects of radiation therapy","author":"Viner","year":"2009","journal-title":"Widener Univ. Inst. Grad. Clin. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ibneur.2026.07.021_bib4","series-title":"Molecular considerations and evolving surgical management issues in the treatment of patients with a brain tumor","article-title":"Radiation-induced brain injury after radiotherapy for brain tumor","author":"Yang","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ibneur.2026.07.021_bib5","series-title":"Quantitative EEG, event-related potentials and neurotherapy","author":"Kropotov","year":"2010"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ibneur.2026.07.021_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1177\/155005940403500410","article-title":"The Usefulness of Quantitative EEG (QEEG) and Neurotherapy in the Assessment and Treatment of Post-Concussion Syndrome","volume":"35","author":"Duff","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin. EEG Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ibneur.2026.07.021_bib7","series-title":"Neural Synchrony in Neuromagnetic Signals and the Role of Alpha Oscillations for Working Memory","author":"Wianda","year":"2019"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ibneur.2026.07.021_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2006.09.020","article-title":"Neural synchrony in brain disorders: relevance for cognitive dysfunctions and pathophysiology","volume":"52","author":"Uhlhaas","year":"2006","journal-title":"neuron"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ibneur.2026.07.021_bib9","first-page":"161","article-title":"Exploring the frontiers of neurostimulation: The role of transcranial direct current stimulation in modern neuroscience","volume":"10","author":"Saran","year":"2024","journal-title":"St. Univ. J. Health Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ibneur.2026.07.021_bib10","series-title":"Transcranial direct current stimulation and neuroplasticity. Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS): emerging used, Safety and Neurobiological effects","first-page":"1","author":"Rozisky","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ibneur.2026.07.021_bib11","series-title":"Practical Guide to Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation","article-title":"Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Electrodes","author":"Khadka","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ibneur.2026.07.021_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2017.00641","article-title":"Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS): a beginner\u2019s guide for design and implementation","volume":"11","author":"Thair","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ibneur.2026.07.021_bib13","article-title":"Transcranial direct current stimulation of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex for treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders","volume":"16","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Behav. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ibneur.2026.07.021_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1590\/1980-57642018dn13-020005","article-title":"Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) effects on traumatic brain injury (TBI) recovery: A systematic review","volume":"13","author":"Zaninotto","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dement. & Neuropsychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ibneur.2026.07.021_bib15","first-page":"1","article-title":"Effects of transcranial direct current stimulation on motor and cognitive function in paediatric brain damage: a systematic review and meta-analysis","author":"Cerezo-Zarzuelo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Disabil. Rehabil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ibneur.2026.07.021_bib16","series-title":"Oxygen Transport to Tissue XL","article-title":"Cerebral Hemodynamics After Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) in Patients with Consequences of Traumatic Brain Injury","author":"Trofimov","year":"2018"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ibneur.2026.07.021_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1080\/09638288.2020.1759703","article-title":"Evaluating the effects of tDCS in stroke patients using functional outcomes: a systematic review","volume":"44","author":"Bornheim","year":"2022","journal-title":"Disabil. Rehabil."},{"issue":"37","key":"10.1016\/j.ibneur.2026.07.021_bib18","first-page":"605","article-title":"The neurological rehabilitation of adults with coma and disorders of consciousness","volume":"120","author":"Bender","year":"2023","journal-title":"Dtsch. \u00c4rzteblatt Int."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ibneur.2026.07.021_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-015-0455-5","article-title":"Coma recovery scale-r: variability in the disorder of consciousness","volume":"15","author":"Cortese","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ibneur.2026.07.021_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2022.859988","article-title":"Study protocol of tDCS based pain modulation in head and neck cancer patients under chemoradiation therapy condition: an fNIRS-EEG study","volume":"15","author":"de Souza Moura","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Mol. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ibneur.2026.07.021_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2016.00466","article-title":"Feasibility of non-invasive brain modulation for management of pain related to chemoradiotherapy in patients with advanced head and neck cancer","volume":"10","author":"Hu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Human. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ibneur.2026.07.021_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2114","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noad169","article-title":"NCCN CNS tumor guidelines update for 2023","author":"Nabors","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neuro-Oncol. Oxf. Univ. Press. US"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ibneur.2026.07.021_bib23","first-page":"224","article-title":"The polarity-dependent effects of the bilateral brain stimulation on working memory","volume":"4","author":"Keshvari","year":"2013","journal-title":"Basic. Clin. Neurosci."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ibneur.2026.07.021_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijchp.2025.100569","article-title":"Modulating prefrontal cortex activity to alleviate stress-induced working memory deficits: A transcranial direct current (tDCS) study","volume":"25","author":"Roy","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Clin. Health Psychol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ibneur.2026.07.021_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1159\/000518848","article-title":"The impact of stereotactic or whole brain radiotherapy on neurocognitive functioning in adult patients with brain metastases: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"44","author":"van Grinsven","year":"2021","journal-title":"Oncol. Res. Treat."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ibneur.2026.07.021_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1186\/s40478-025-01976-3","article-title":"Cranial radiation disrupts dopaminergic signaling and connectivity in the mammalian brain","volume":"13","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol. Commun."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ibneur.2026.07.021_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1177\/1073858410386614","article-title":"Physiological Basis of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation","volume":"17","author":"Stagg","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuroscientist"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ibneur.2026.07.021_bib28","first-page":"1","article-title":"Modulation of Working Memory and Resting-State fMRI by tDCS of the Right Frontoparietal Network","volume":"2021","author":"Pup\u00edkov\u00e1","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ibneur.2026.07.021_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2020.116615","article-title":"Frontoparietal theta-gamma interactions track working memory enhancement with training and tDCS","volume":"211","author":"Jones","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ibneur.2026.07.021_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1207","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noy052","article-title":"Radiation induces age-dependent deficits in cortical synaptic plasticity","volume":"20","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuro-Oncol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ibneur.2026.07.021_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1089\/brain.2019.0713","article-title":"Human Brain Functional Network Organization Is Disrupted After Whole-Brain Radiation Therapy","volume":"10","author":"Mitchell","year":"2020","journal-title":"Brain Connect."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ibneur.2026.07.021_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1159\/000354227","article-title":"Whole brain radiation-induced vascular cognitive impairment: mechanisms and implications","volume":"50","author":"Warrington","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Vasc. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ibneur.2026.07.021_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2202-12-2","article-title":"Transcranial direct current stimulation of the prefrontal cortex modulates working memory performance: combined behavioural and electrophysiological evidence","volume":"12","author":"Zaehle","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Neurosci."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ibneur.2026.07.021_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1007\/s00406-023-01666-y","article-title":"Influence of noninvasive brain stimulation on connectivity and local activation: a combined tDCS and fMRI study","volume":"274","author":"Claa\u00df","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur. Arch. Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ibneur.2026.07.021_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.3002784","article-title":"Beta-band neural variability reveals age-related dissociations in human working memory maintenance and deletion","volume":"22","author":"Wen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Plos. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ibneur.2026.07.021_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2021.630813","article-title":"Increase in beta power reflects attentional top-down modulation after psychosocial stress induction","volume":"15","author":"Palacios-Garc\u00eda","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Human. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ibneur.2026.07.021_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2014.08.010","article-title":"Interareal oscillatory synchronization in top-down neocortical processing","volume":"31","author":"Bressler","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ibneur.2026.07.021_bib38","series-title":"EEG-triggered TMS of dorsomedial prefrontal cortex selectively modulates working memory performance depending on the phase of endogenous theta oscillation [PhD Thesis]","author":"D\u00f6rre","year":"2023"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ibneur.2026.07.021_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1089\/brain.2019.0733","article-title":"Theta Oscillations Through Hippocampal\/Prefrontal Pathway: Importance in Cognitive Performances","volume":"10","author":"Soltani Zangbar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Brain Connect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ibneur.2026.07.021_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2019.00136","article-title":"Anodal transcranial direct current stimulation induces high gamma-band activity in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex during a working memory task: a double-blind, randomized, crossover study","volume":"13","author":"Ikeda","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Human. Neurosci."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ibneur.2026.07.021_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurom.2022.12.014","article-title":"Efficacy of transcranial alternating current stimulation in the enhancement of working memory performance in healthy adults: a systematic meta-analysis","volume":"26","author":"Nissim","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neuromodulation Technol. Neural Interface"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ibneur.2026.07.021_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2012.00110","article-title":"Neurobiological effects of transcranial direct current stimulation: a review","volume":"3","author":"Medeiros","year":"2012","journal-title":"Front. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.ibneur.2026.07.021_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2003","DOI":"10.1038\/s41388-022-02245-6","article-title":"The chromosome 21 kinase DYRK1A: emerging roles in cancer biology and potential as a therapeutic target","volume":"41","author":"Rammohan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ibneur.2026.07.021_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers14020326","article-title":"CRISPR-Cas9 screen identifies DYRK1A as a target for radiotherapy sensitization in pancreatic cancer","volume":"14","author":"Lan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ibneur.2026.07.021_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2982","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22062982","article-title":"Dual specificity kinase DYRK3 promotes aggressiveness of glioblastoma by altering mitochondrial morphology and function","volume":"22","author":"Kim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.ibneur.2026.07.021_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6416","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.4159","article-title":"DYRK1A activates NFATC1 to increase glioblastoma migration","volume":"10","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer Med."},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.ibneur.2026.07.021_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13691","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms252413691","article-title":"The complex role of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) in health and disease","volume":"25","author":"Wolosowicz","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ibneur.2026.07.021_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.2147\/MNM.S105123","article-title":"Current insights into matrix metalloproteinases and glioma progression: transcending the degradation boundary","volume":"5","author":"Pullen","year":"2018","journal-title":"MNM"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ibneur.2026.07.021_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1559","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2010.12.032","article-title":"Irradiation alters MMP-2\/TIMP-2 system and collagen type IV degradation in brain","volume":"82","author":"Lee","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. * Biol. * Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ibneur.2026.07.021_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2022.1069484","article-title":"Effects of transcranial direct current stimulation on brain cytokine levels in rats","volume":"16","author":"Ethridge","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Neurosci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ibneur.2026.07.021_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2006.08.077","article-title":"Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in locally invasive prostate cancer is prognostic for radiotherapy outcome","volume":"67","author":"Green","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. * Biol. * Phys."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ibneur.2026.07.021_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1016\/S1535-6108(04)00115-1","article-title":"Radiation activates HIF-1 to regulate vascular radiosensitivity in tumors: role of reoxygenation, free radicals, and stress granules","volume":"5","author":"Moeller","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cancer Cell."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ibneur.2026.07.021_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.3346\/jkms.2004.19.6.879","article-title":"Upregulation of VEGF and FGF2 in Normal Rat Brain after Experimental Intraoperative Radiation Therapy","volume":"19","author":"Kim","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Korean Med. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ibneur.2026.07.021_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1186\/s13046-021-02000-x","article-title":"Interfering with Tumor Hypoxia for Radiotherapy Optimization","volume":"40","author":"Telarovic","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Exp. Clin. Cancer Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ibneur.2026.07.021_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-22394-8","article-title":"Direct current stimulation modulates gene expression in isolated astrocytes with implications for glia-mediated plasticity","volume":"12","author":"Cancel","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ibneur.2026.07.021_bib56","first-page":"624","article-title":"Long-term transcranial direct current stimulation for cerebral perfusion in chronic infarction with cerebral artery steno-occlusion","volume":"18","author":"Ryu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Brain Stimul. Basic. Transl. Clin. Res. Neuromodulation"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ibneur.2026.07.021_bib57","first-page":"6566","article-title":"Transcranial direct current stimulation promotes angiogenesis and improves neurological function via the OXA-TF-AKT\/ERK signaling pathway in traumatic brain injury","volume":"16","author":"Ren","year":"2024","journal-title":"Aging (Albany NY)"}],"container-title":["IBRO Neuroscience Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2667242126001223?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2667242126001223?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T16:40:50Z","timestamp":1793810450000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2667242126001223"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"references-count":57,"alternative-id":["S2667242126001223"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ibneur.2026.07.021","relation":{},"ISSN":["2667-2421"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2667-2421","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Transcranial direct current stimulation enhances cognitive performance and modulates QEEG beta- and theta-band power in patients undergoing whole-brain radiotherapy","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"IBRO Neuroscience Reports","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ibneur.2026.07.021","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of International Brain Research Organization.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}