{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T07:20:46Z","timestamp":1775114446867,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]],"date-time":"2021-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617235200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]],"date-time":"2021-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617235200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100013899","name":"M.S.I. Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100013899","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intensive and Critical Care Nursing"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2020.102982","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,13]],"date-time":"2021-01-13T19:49:59Z","timestamp":1610567399000},"page":"102982","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Vicarious spiritual distress in intensive care unit healthcare providers: A qualitative study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"63","author":[{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Smiechowski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Henry","family":"Stelfox","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shane","family":"Sinclair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tasnim","family":"Sinuff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kathleen","family":"Grindrod-Millar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amanda","family":"Roze des Ordons","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2020.102982_b0005","first-page":"2","article-title":"The relationship between futile care perception and moral distress among intensive care unit nurses","volume":"11","author":"Asayesh","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Med. Ethics History Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2020.102982_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.4037\/ajcc2018300","article-title":"Critical care nurses\u2019 experiences with spiritual care: The SPIRIT study","volume":"27","author":"Bone","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am. J. Crit. Care"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2020.102982_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000000822","article-title":"A qualitative study exploring moral distress in the ICU team: The importance of unit functionality and intrateam dynamics*","volume":"43","author":"Bruce","year":"2015","journal-title":"Crit. Care Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2020.102982_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1478-5153.2009.00384.x","article-title":"Personality, stress and coping in intensive care nurses: A descriptive exploratory study","volume":"15","author":"Burgess","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nursing Critic. Care"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2020.102982_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2047-3095.2013.01234.x","article-title":"Spiritual distress-proposing a new definition and defining characteristics: spiritual distress-proposing a new definition and defining characteristics","volume":"24","author":"Caldeira","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Nurs. Terminol. Knowledge"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2020.102982_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e267","DOI":"10.1097\/PCC.0000000000001179","article-title":"Coping with staff burnout and work-related posttraumatic stress in intensive care*","volume":"18","author":"Colville","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pediatric Critic. Care Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2020.102982_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000002169","article-title":"Guidelines for family-centered care in the neonatal, pediatric, and adult ICU","volume":"45","author":"Davidson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Crit. Care Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2020.102982_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S79","DOI":"10.1097\/PCC.0000000000001594","article-title":"Care for dying children and their families in the picu: promoting clinician education, support, and resilience","volume":"19","author":"Dryden-Palmer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pediatr. Critic. Care Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2020.102982_b0045","first-page":"482","article-title":"Burnout syndrome among critical care healthcare workers:","volume":"13","author":"Embriaco","year":"2007","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Critic. Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2020.102982_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s13613-017-0293-2","article-title":"Moral distress and its contribution to the development of burnout syndrome among critical care providers","volume":"7","author":"Fumis","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann. Intensive Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2020.102982_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1111\/jocn.15085","article-title":"Psychological outcomes of debriefing healthcare providers who experience expected and unexpected patient death in clinical or simulation experiences: A scoping review","volume":"29","author":"Harder","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin. Nurs."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2020.102982_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2016.04.033","article-title":"Causes of moral distress in the Intensive Care Unit: A qualitative study","volume":"35","author":"Henrich","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Crit. Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2020.102982_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1177\/0885066617712677","article-title":"Spiritual care in the intensive care unit: A narrative review","volume":"33","author":"Ho","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Intens. Care Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2020.102982_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2018.07.002","article-title":"Burnout and resilience in critical care nurses: A grounded theory of managing experience","volume":"48","author":"Jackson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Intensive Crit. Care Nurs."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2020.102982_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1111\/nicc.12386","article-title":"Strengthening workplace well-being: perceptions of intensive care nurses","volume":"24","author":"Jarden","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nurs. Critic. Care."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2020.102982_b0080","first-page":"27","article-title":"Moral distress and burnout among cardiovascular surgery intensive care unit healthcare professionals: A prospective cross-sectional study","volume":"27","author":"Johnson-Coyle","year":"2016","journal-title":"Can. J. Critic. Care Nurs."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2020.102982_b0085","first-page":"630","article-title":"Causes and consequences of disproportionate care in intensive care medicine","volume":"19","author":"Kompanje","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Critic. Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2020.102982_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1445","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-012-2600-6","article-title":"A qualitative study of resilience and posttraumatic stress disorder in United States ICU nurses","volume":"38","author":"Mealer","year":"2012","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2020.102982_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2011.09.015","article-title":"The presence of resilience is associated with a healthier psychological profile in intensive care unit (ICU) nurses: Results of a national survey","volume":"49","author":"Mealer","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Nurs. Stud."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2020.102982_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1615","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-016-4441-1","article-title":"Moral distress in ICU nurses","volume":"42","author":"Mealer","year":"2016","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2020.102982_b0105","article-title":"\u201cI wish they had asked\u201d: a qualitative study of emotional distress and peer support during internship","volume":"1\u20136","author":"Moore","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Gen. Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2020.102982_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2016.02.649","article-title":"An official critical care societies collaborative statement- Burnout syndrome in critical care healthcare professionals","volume":"150","author":"Moss","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2020.102982_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1089\/jpm.2019.0187","article-title":"Development of a clinical guide for identifying spiritual distress in family members of patients in the intensive care unit","volume":"23","author":"Roze des Ordons","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Palliat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2020.102982_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2018.03.009","article-title":"Spiritual distress within inpatient settings - scoping review of patients\u2019 and families\u2019 experiences","volume":"56","author":"Roze des Ordons","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Pain Symptom Manage."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2020.102982_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1089\/jpm.2019.0235","article-title":"Spiritual distress in family members of critically ill patients: perceptions and experiences","volume":"23","author":"Roze des Ordons","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Palliat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2020.102982_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.4037\/ajcc2015291","article-title":"Burnout and resilience among nurses practicing in high-intensity settings","volume":"24","author":"Rushton","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am. J. Crit. Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2020.102982_b0135","series-title":"Interpretive Description: Qualitative Research for Applied Practice","author":"Thorne","year":"2016"}],"container-title":["Intensive and Critical Care Nursing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0964339720301853?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0964339720301853?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,18]],"date-time":"2025-10-18T14:29:57Z","timestamp":1760797797000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0964339720301853"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"references-count":27,"alternative-id":["S0964339720301853"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.iccn.2020.102982","relation":{},"ISSN":["0964-3397"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0964-3397","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Vicarious spiritual distress in intensive care unit healthcare providers: A qualitative study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Intensive and Critical Care Nursing","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.iccn.2020.102982","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"102982"}}