{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T22:50:23Z","timestamp":1780959023910,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,1]],"date-time":"2023-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680307200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,1]],"date-time":"2023-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680307200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,1]],"date-time":"2023-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680307200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,1]],"date-time":"2023-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680307200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,1]],"date-time":"2023-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680307200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,1]],"date-time":"2023-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680307200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,1]],"date-time":"2023-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680307200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001077","name":"Royal Brisbane and Women&apos;s Hospital Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001077","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intensive and Critical Care Nursing"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2022.103364","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,15]],"date-time":"2022-12-15T15:31:56Z","timestamp":1671118316000},"page":"103364","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Evaluation of a closed loop-blood sampling system in intensive care: A pilot randomised controlled trial. The ENCLOSE trial"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"75","author":[{"given":"Samantha","family":"Keogh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jayesh","family":"Dhanani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annabel","family":"Levido","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chris","family":"Gracie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vladislav","family":"Ilushin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Palmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Doubrovsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suzanne L.","family":"Parker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Pintara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Flavia","family":"Huygens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fiona","family":"Coyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2022.103364_b0005","unstructured":"ACSQHC. (2018). Healthcare-associated infections. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.safetyandquality.gov.au\/sites\/default\/files\/migrated\/Healthcare-associated-infection-detailed-fact-sheet.pdf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2022.103364_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Baysan, B., Arbous, A. S., & van der Bom, J. G. (2020). Iatrogenic anemia: an underestimated and solvable problem in the intensive care unit. Annals of Blood 5 ((June 2020)). 10.21037\/aob-20-29.","DOI":"10.21037\/aob-20-29"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2022.103364_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0243782","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0243782","article-title":"Patient harm associated with serial phlebotomy and blood waste in the intensive care unit: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"16","author":"Bodley","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2022.103364_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000002873","article-title":"Should transfusion trigger thresholds differ for critical care versus perioperative patients? A meta-analysis of randomized trials","volume":"46","author":"Chong","year":"2018","journal-title":"Crit. Care Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2022.103364_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1177\/0310057X1804600309","article-title":"Strategies to reduce inappropriate laboratory blood test orders in intensive care are effective and safe: a before-and-after quality improvement study","volume":"46","author":"Dhanani","year":"2018","journal-title":"Anaesth. Intensive Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2022.103364_b0030","unstructured":"EPOC. (2017). What study design should be included in an EPOC review? Retrieved from https:\/\/epoc.cochrane.org\/sites\/epoc.cochrane.org\/files\/public\/uploads\/Resources-for-authors2017\/what_study_designs_should_be_included_in_an_epoc_review.pdf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2022.103364_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1186\/s40560-016-0191-y","article-title":"Perspective on optimizing clinical trials in critical care: how to puzzle out recurrent failures","volume":"4","author":"Francois","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Intensive Care"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2022.103364_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201003-0410ED","article-title":"Indwelling arterial catheters in the intensive care unit: necessary and beneficial, or a harmful crutch?","volume":"182","author":"Garland","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2022.103364_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2008.08.010","article-title":"Research electronic data capture (REDCap)\u2013a metadata-driven methodology and workflow process for providing translational research informatics support","volume":"42","author":"Harris","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Inform."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2022.103364_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2019.103208","article-title":"The REDCap consortium: building an international community of software platform partners","volume":"95","author":"Harris","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Inform."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2022.103364_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1002\/nur.20247","article-title":"Considerations in determining sample size for pilot studies","volume":"31","author":"Hertzog","year":"2008","journal-title":"Res. Nurs. Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2022.103364_b0060","first-page":"709","article-title":"Patient Blood Management in intensive care patients","volume":"27","author":"Hof","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Crit. Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2022.103364_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1177\/0310057X20962113","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of routine diagnostic test reduction interventions in patients admitted to the intensive care unit: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"49","author":"Hooper","year":"2021","journal-title":"Anaesth. Intensive Care"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2022.103364_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.15649","article-title":"Blood loss from laboratory testing, anemia, and red blood cell transfusion in the intensive care unit: a retrospective study","volume":"60","author":"Jackson Chornenki","year":"2020","journal-title":"Transfusion"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2022.103364_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11041031","article-title":"Related Factors of Anemia in Critically Ill Patients: A Prospective Multicenter Study","volume":"11","author":"Juarez-Vela","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Clin. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2022.103364_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-015-1023-4","article-title":"A literature review on the representativeness of randomized controlled trial samples and implications for the external validity of trial results","volume":"16","author":"Kennedy-Martin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Trials"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2022.103364_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aucc.2015.12.016","article-title":"Blood sampling in critical care: Every drop counts","volume":"29","author":"Keogh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Aust. Crit. Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2022.103364_b0090","article-title":"Effect of blood conservation practices on reducing blood sampling volumes and other clinical sequelae in intensive care A systematic review","volume":"33","author":"Keogh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Austr. Crit. Care"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2022.103364_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2010.10.008","article-title":"The role and interpretation of pilot studies in clinical research","volume":"45","author":"Leon","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Psychiatr. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2022.103364_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1086\/599376","article-title":"Clinical practice guidelines for the diagnosis and management of intravascular catheter-related infection: 2009 Update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America","volume":"49","author":"Mermel","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2022.103364_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1007\/s12630-016-0793-9","article-title":"Non-essential blood tests in the intensive care unit: a prospective observational study","volume":"64","author":"Mikhaeil","year":"2017","journal-title":"Can. J. Anaesth."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2022.103364_b0110","unstructured":"NBA. (2012). National Blood Management Improvement Strategy 2018-2022. Canberra Australian Government."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2022.103364_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1334","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000000166","article-title":"Arterial catheters as a source of bloodstream infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"42","author":"O'Horo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Crit. Care Med."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2022.103364_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2011.08.006","article-title":"Comparison of bacterial contamination of blood conservation system and stopcock system arterial sampling lines used in critically ill patients","volume":"40","author":"Oto","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am. J. Infect. Control."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2022.103364_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1186\/2110-5820-3-14","article-title":"Blood conservation devices in critical care: a narrative review","volume":"3","author":"Page","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann. Intensive Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2022.103364_b0130","series-title":"Essentials of Nursing Research. Appraising evidence for nursing practice","author":"Polit","year":"2018"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2022.103364_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2004.01.002","article-title":"Anemia in the critically ill","volume":"20","author":"Shander","year":"2004","journal-title":"Crit. Care Clin."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2022.103364_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1537-2995.2009.02518.x","article-title":"Activity-based costs of blood transfusions in surgical patients at four hospitals","volume":"50","author":"Shander","year":"2010","journal-title":"Transfusion"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2022.103364_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1074","DOI":"10.1177\/0885066618810374","article-title":"Devices to reduce the volume of blood taken for laboratory testing in ICU patients: a systematic review","volume":"35","author":"Siegal","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Intensive Care Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2022.103364_b0150","article-title":"A new framework for developing and evaluating complex interventions: update of Medical Research Council guidance","volume":"374","author":"Skivington","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2022.103364_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53quiz 61","DOI":"10.4037\/ccn2014416","article-title":"Closed blood conservation device for reducing catheter-related infections in children after cardiac surgery","volume":"34","author":"Tang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Crit. Care Nurse"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2022.103364_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-022-06763-5","article-title":"Update on prevention of intra-vascular accesses complications","author":"Timsit","year":"2022","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2022.103364_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23063204","article-title":"Preventing bacterial translocation in patients with leaky gut syndrome: nutrition and pharmacological treatment options","volume":"23","author":"Twardowska","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2022.103364_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aucc.2015.06.002","article-title":"'True blood' the critical care story: an audit of blood sampling practice across three adult, paediatric and neonatal intensive care settings","volume":"29","author":"Ullman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Aust. Crit. Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2022.103364_b0175","series-title":"infectious Disease in Critical Care (Vol","article-title":"Opportunistic infection in the intensive care unit: a microbiologic overview","author":"Vila","year":"2007"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2022.103364_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1057","DOI":"10.1177\/0962280215588241","article-title":"Estimating the sample size for a pilot randomised trial to minimise the overall trial sample size for the external pilot and main trial for a continuous outcome variable","volume":"25","author":"Whitehead","year":"2016","journal-title":"Stat. Methods Med. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2022.103364_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-019-2511-9","article-title":"Interventions to prevent iatrogenic anemia: a laboratory medicine best practices systematic review","volume":"23","author":"Whitehead","year":"2019","journal-title":"Crit. Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2022.103364_b0190","unstructured":"WHO. (2018). Health-care waste. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/health-care-waste."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2022.103364_b0195","unstructured":"WHO. (2020). Action framework to advance universal access to safe, effective and quality assured blood products 2020\u20132023. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/9789240000384."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2022.103364_b0200","unstructured":"Choosing Wisely. (2018). Society of Hospital Medicine - Adult Hospital Medicine. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.choosingwisely.org\/societies\/society-of-hospital-medicine-adult\/."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2022.103364_b0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpa.2016.04.008","article-title":"Patient blood management equals patient safety","volume":"30","author":"Zacharowski","year":"2016","journal-title":"Best Pract. Res. Clin. Anaesthesiol."}],"container-title":["Intensive and Critical Care Nursing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0964339722001677?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0964339722001677?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,18]],"date-time":"2025-10-18T14:33:32Z","timestamp":1760798012000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0964339722001677"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"references-count":41,"alternative-id":["S0964339722001677"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.iccn.2022.103364","relation":{},"ISSN":["0964-3397"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0964-3397","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Evaluation of a closed loop-blood sampling system in intensive care: A pilot randomised controlled trial. The ENCLOSE trial","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Intensive and Critical Care Nursing","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.iccn.2022.103364","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"103364"}}