{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T17:09:22Z","timestamp":1776877762684,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":106,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,1]],"date-time":"2005-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1117584000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Infectious Disease Clinics of North America"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,20]],"date-time":"2005-06-20T20:04:24Z","timestamp":1119297864000},"page":"311-331","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":150,"title":["Increasing Rates of Sexually Transmitted Diseases in Homosexual Men in Western Europe and the United States: Why?"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Kevin A.","family":"Fenton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Imrie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.91.6.959","article-title":"Gonorrhea in the HIV era: a reversal in trends among men who have sex with men","volume":"91","author":"Fox","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.2004.009415","article-title":"Recent trends in the epidemiology of sexually transmitted infections in the European Union","volume":"80","author":"Fenton","year":"2004","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect"},{"issue":"7349","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1324","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.324.7349.1324","article-title":"Are trends in HIV, gonorrhoea, and syphilis worsening in western Europe?","volume":"324","author":"Nicoll","year":"2002","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib4","first-page":"352","article-title":"Increasing prevalence of male homosexual partnerships and practices in Britain 1990\u20132000: but why?","volume":"19","author":"Boily","year":"2005","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib5","unstructured":"Division of STD Prevention, National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The National Plan to Eliminate Syphilis from the United States. Atlanta (GA): Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 1999."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib6","series-title":"The national strategy for sexual health and HIV implementation action plan","author":"Department of Health","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib7","series-title":"Enhancing sexual wellbeing in Scotland: a sexual health & relationship strategy","author":"Scottish Executive","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib8","series-title":"WHO regional strategy on sexual and reproductive health. Reproductive Health\/Pregnancy Programme","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2001"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.2004.011197","article-title":"Recent trends in diagnoses of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections in England and Wales among men who have sex with men","volume":"80","author":"Macdonald","year":"2004","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect"},{"issue":"35","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib10","first-page":"773","article-title":"Resurgent bacterial sexually transmitted disease among men who have sex with men\u2013King County, Washington, 1997\u20131999","volume":"48","year":"1999","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.2004.010389","article-title":"European Surveillance of STI's Network. Surveillance systems for STIs in the European Union: facing a changing epidemiology","volume":"80","author":"Lowndes","year":"2004","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib12","series-title":"Sexually transmitted disease surveillance 2003","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib13","series-title":"Focus on prevention. HIV and other sexually transmitted infections in the United Kingdom in 2003","year":"2004"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.2807\/esm.09.12.00497-en","article-title":"Syphilis surveillance and epidemiology in the United Kingdom","volume":"9","author":"Righarts","year":"2004","journal-title":"Euro Surveill"},{"issue":"7349","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1324","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.324.7349.1324","article-title":"Are trends in HIV, gonorrhoea, and syphilis worsening in western Europe?","volume":"324","author":"Nicoll","year":"2002","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1097\/00007435-200102000-00009","article-title":"Epidemiology of the reemergence of gonorrhea in Sweden","volume":"28","author":"Berglund","year":"2001","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1097\/01.OLQ.0000118426.66742.9E","article-title":"Gonorrhoea surveillance system in France: 1986\u20132000","volume":"31","author":"Herida","year":"2004","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1080\/000155502320624104","article-title":"Gonorrhoea in Denmark: high incidence among HIV-infected men who have sex with men","volume":"82","author":"Johansen","year":"2002","journal-title":"Acta Derm Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.2807\/esm.09.12.00491-en","article-title":"A multilevel approach to understanding the resurgence and evolution of infectious syphilis in Western Europe","volume":"9","author":"Fenton","year":"2004","journal-title":"Euro Surveill"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.2807\/esm.09.12.00492-en","article-title":"Recent syphilis trends in Belgium and enhancement of STI surveillance systems","volume":"9","author":"Sasse","year":"2004","journal-title":"Euro Surveill"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.2807\/esm.09.12.00493-en","article-title":"Syphilis surveillance in France 2000\u20132003","volume":"9","author":"Couturier","year":"2004","journal-title":"Euro Surveill"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.2807\/esm.09.12.00498-en","article-title":"Syphilis in Denmark\u2013Outbreak among MSM in Copenhagen 2003\u20132004","volume":"9","author":"Cowan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Euro Surveill"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.2807\/esm.09.12.00495-en","article-title":"The epidemiology of infectious syphilis in the Republic of Ireland","volume":"9","author":"Cronin","year":"2004","journal-title":"Euro Surveill"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.2807\/esm.09.12.00494-en","article-title":"Syphilis surveillance and trends of the syphilis epidemic in Germany since the mid-90s","volume":"9","author":"Marcus","year":"2004","journal-title":"Euro Surveill"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib25","unstructured":"M\u00f8lbak K. Increase in hepatitis A in MSM in Denmark. Available at: http:\/\/www.eurosurveillance.org\/ew2004\/040527\/.asp. Accessed May 10, 2005."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib26","unstructured":"HPA. Outbreak of hepatitis A in men who have sex with men in south east London. Available at: http:\/\/www.hpa.org.uk\/cdr\/index.html. Accessed May 10, 2005."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib27","unstructured":"De Jager C, Heijne J. Increase in hepatitis A in MSM in the Netherlands. Available at: http:\/\/www.eurosurveillance.org\/ew2004\/040527.asp#. Accessed May 10, 2005."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib28","unstructured":"EPi News. Available at: http:\/\/www.ssi.dk\/sw23055.asp. Accessed May 10, 2005."},{"issue":"42","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib29","first-page":"985","article-title":"Lymphogranuloma venereum among men have sex with men\u2013Netherlands, 2003\u20132004","volume":"53","author":"Laar van de","year":"2004","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib30","unstructured":"Vandenbruaene M. Uitbraak van lymphogranuloma venereum in Antwerpen en Rotterdam. Available at: http:\/\/www.wvc.vlaanderen.be\/epibul\/47\/lymphogranuloma.htm. Accessed May 10, 2005."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib31","unstructured":"Institut de Vieille Sanitaire. Emergence de la Lymphogranulomatose v\u00e9n\u00e9rienne rectale en France: cas estim\u00e9s au 31 mars 2004. Synth\u00e8se r\u00e9alis\u00e9e le 1er Juin 2004. Available at: http:\/\/www.invs.sante.fr\/presse\/2004\/le_point_sur\/lgv_160604\/. Accessed May 10, 2005."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Berglund T, Herrmann B. Utbrott av Lymfogranuloma venereum (LGV) i Europa. Available at: http:\/\/www.smittskyddsinstitutet.se\/SMItemplates\/BigArticle____3942.aspx#LGV. Accessed May 10, 2005.","DOI":"10.2807\/esw.10.09.02655-en"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Plettenberg A, von Krosigk A, Stoehr A, et al. Four cases of lymphogranuloma venereum in Hamburg, 2003. Available at: http:\/\/www.eurosurveillance.org\/ew\/2004\/040722.asp#4. Accessed May 10, 2005.","DOI":"10.2807\/esw.08.30.02509-en"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib34","series-title":"Sexually transmitted disease surveillance 2003","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2003"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1086\/425290","article-title":"Advances in multilevel approaches to understanding the epidemiology and prevention of sexually transmitted infections and HIV: an overview","volume":"191","author":"Aral","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1038\/nature03072","article-title":"Host immunity and synchronized epidemics of syphilis across the United States","volume":"433","author":"Grassly","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Smith SM. New York City HIV superbug: fear or fear not? Available at http:\/\/www.retrovirology.com\/content\/2\/1\/14. Accessed March 9, 2005.","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-4690-2-14"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa040216","article-title":"Macrolide resistance in Treponema pallidum in the United States and Ireland","volume":"351","author":"Lukehart","year":"2004","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2004.06.002","article-title":"Update on emerging infections: news from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Brief report: azithromycin treatment failures in syphilis infections\u2013San Francisco, California, 2002\u20132003","volume":"44","author":"Chen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib40","first-page":"335","article-title":"Increases in fluoroquinolone-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae among men who have sex with men\u2013United States, 2003, and revised recommendations for gonorrhea treatment, 2004","volume":"53","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)","year":"2004","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"issue":"9372","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1867","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)13489-7","article-title":"GRASP collaboration. Ciprofloxacin resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae in England and Wales in 2002","volume":"361","author":"Fenton","year":"2003","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1097\/00007435-200110000-00005","article-title":"A systematic review of the epidemiologic interactions between classic sexually transmitted diseases and HIV: how much really is known?","volume":"28","author":"Rottingen","year":"2001","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1097\/00007435-200305000-00008","article-title":"AIDS mortality may have contributed to the decline in syphilis rates in the United States in the 1990s","volume":"30","author":"Chesson","year":"2003","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.77.5.309","article-title":"Resurgence of syphilis in England: time for more radical and nationally coordinated approaches","volume":"77","author":"Fenton","year":"2001","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1097\/01.olq.0000140009.28121.0f","article-title":"A case-control study of syphilis among men who have sex with men in New York City: association With HIV infection","volume":"31","author":"Paz-Bailey","year":"2004","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"},{"issue":"26","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib46","first-page":"575","article-title":"Trends in primary and secondary syphilis and HIV infections in men who have sex with men\u2013San Francisco and Los Angeles, California, 1998\u20132002","volume":"53","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)","year":"2004","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-200401230-00016","article-title":"HIV incidence appears constant in men who have sex with men despite widespread use of effective antiretroviral therapy","volume":"18","author":"Murphy","year":"2004","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib48","first-page":"33","article-title":"Test of HIV incidence shows continuing HIV transmission in homosexual\/bisexual men in England and Wales","volume":"4","author":"Murphy","year":"2001","journal-title":"Commun Dis Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.2003.007997","article-title":"Increase of sexually transmitted infections, but not HIV, among young homosexual men in Amsterdam: are STIs still reliable markers for HIV transmission?","volume":"81","author":"van der Bij","year":"2005","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1453","DOI":"10.1097\/01.aids.0000131331.36386.de","article-title":"Increasing prevalence of male homosexual partnerships and practices in Britain 1990\u20132000: evidence from national probability surveys","volume":"18","author":"Mercer","year":"2004","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib51","first-page":"354","article-title":"Possible explanations for the increase in the prevalence of male homosexual partnerships and practices in Britain 1990\u20132000. A response to Boily et al","volume":"19","author":"Mercer","year":"2005","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"issue":"9296","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1835","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(01)06883-0","article-title":"Sexual behaviour in Britain: partnerships, practices, and HIV risk behaviours","volume":"358","author":"Johnson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib53","first-page":"352","article-title":"Increasing prevalence of male homosexual partnerships and practices in Britain 1990\u20132000: but why?","volume":"19","author":"Boily","year":"2005","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1097\/01.OLQ.0000112721.21285.A2","article-title":"Changes in the transmission dynamics of the HIV epidemic after the wide-scale use of antiretroviral therapy could explain increases in sexually transmitted infections: results from mathematical models","volume":"31","author":"Boily","year":"2004","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S127","DOI":"10.1086\/425286","article-title":"Reported sexually transmitted disease clinic attendance and sexually transmitted infections in Britain: prevalence, risk factors, and proportionate population burden","volume":"191","author":"Fenton","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.284.2.198","article-title":"HIV prevalence and associated risks in young men who have sex with men. Young Men's Survey Study Group","volume":"284","author":"Valleroy","year":"2000","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.2807\/esm.07.02.00349-en","article-title":"A new decline in preventive behaviours among homosexual men: the role of highly active antiretroviral therapy?","volume":"7","author":"Laporte","year":"2002","journal-title":"Euro Surveill"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.2003.007286","article-title":"Increasing risk behaviour and high levels of undiagnosed HIV infection in a community sample of homosexual men","volume":"80","author":"Dodds","year":"2004","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.2004.010785","article-title":"Trends in sexual behaviour among London homosexual men 1998\u20132003: implications for HIV prevention and sexual health promotion","volume":"80","author":"Elford","year":"2004","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.2807\/esm.07.02.00347-en","article-title":"Men having sex with men and HIV\/AIDS prevention in Switzerland: 1987\u20132000","volume":"7","author":"Dubois-Arber","year":"2002","journal-title":"Euro Surveill"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.2807\/esm.07.02.00346-en","article-title":"A summary report from Amsterdam: increase in sexually transmitted diseases and risky sexual behaviour among homosexual men in relation to the introduction of new anti-HIV drugs","volume":"7","author":"Stolte","year":"2002","journal-title":"Euro Surveill"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.2807\/esm.07.02.00345-en","article-title":"Monitoring HIV prevalence and behaviour of men who have sex with men in Barcelona, Spain","volume":"7","author":"Pe\u0155ez","year":"2002","journal-title":"Euro Surveill"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1097\/00007435-200307000-00006","article-title":"Increases in gonorrhea and sexual risk behaviors among men who have sex with men: a 12-year trend analysis at the Denver Metro Health Clinic","volume":"30","author":"Rietmeijer","year":"2003","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1387","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.92.9.1387-a","article-title":"Continuing increases in sexual risk behavior and sexually transmitted diseases among men who have sex with men: San Francisco, Calif, 1999\u20132001, USA","volume":"92","author":"Chen","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.92.3.388","article-title":"Impact of highly active antiretroviral treatment on HIV seroincidence among men who have sex with men: San Francisco","volume":"92","author":"Katz","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1521\/aeap.16.1.13.27723","article-title":"Gay Asian men in San Francisco follow the international trend: increases in rates of unprotected anal intercourse and sexually transmitted diseases, 1999\u20132002","volume":"16","author":"McFarland","year":"2004","journal-title":"AIDS Educ Prev"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1097\/00126334-200306010-00008","article-title":"Unprotected anal intercourse between potentially HIV-serodiscordant men who have sex with men, San Francisco","volume":"33","author":"Chen","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"issue":"38","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib68","first-page":"891","article-title":"High-risk sexual behavior by HIV-positive men who have sex with men\u201316 sites, United States, 2000\u20132002","volume":"53","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)","year":"2004","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1024095016181","article-title":"Barebacking among gay and bisexual men in New York City: explanations for the emergence of intentional unsafe behavior","volume":"32","author":"Halkitis","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch Sex Behav"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.1080\/09540120412331292453","article-title":"Use of gay Internet sites and views about online health promotion among men who have sex with men","volume":"16","author":"Bolding","year":"2004","journal-title":"AIDS Care"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1080\/09540120412331292516","article-title":"The Internet and HIV\/STD prevention","volume":"16","author":"McFarlane","year":"2004","journal-title":"AIDS Care"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1300\/J069v22n04_05","article-title":"Circuit parties and patterns of drug use in a subset of gay men","volume":"22","author":"Lee","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Addict Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.91.6.953","article-title":"The Circuit Party Men's Health Survey: findings and implications for gay and bisexual men","volume":"91","author":"Mansergh","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib74","series-title":"Out and about: findings from the United Kingdom gay men's sex survey 2002","author":"Hickson","year":"2003"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1482","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.91.9.1482","article-title":"Differential HIV risk in bathhouses and public cruising areas","volume":"91","author":"Binson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lambert N, Fisher M, Imrie J, et al. Community-based syphilis screening: feasibility, acceptability and effectiveness in case finding. Sex Transm Infect, in press.","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.2004.013144"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1300\/J082v44n03_02","article-title":"A theoretical approach to bathhouse environments","volume":"44","author":"Binson","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Homosex"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1300\/J082v44n03_10","article-title":"Comparing sexual behavioral patterns between two bathhouses: implications for HIV prevention intervention policy","volume":"44","author":"Mutchler","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Homosex"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"964","DOI":"10.1080\/09540120412331292471","article-title":"Internet-based site-specific interventions for syphilis prevention among gay and bisexual men","volume":"16","author":"Klausner","year":"2004","journal-title":"AIDS Care"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1097\/01.olq.0000149783.67826.4d","article-title":"Online syphilis testing\u2013confidential and convenient","volume":"32","author":"Levine","year":"2005","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-200401230-00021","article-title":"Homosexual men change to risky sex when perceiving less threat of HIV\/AIDS since availability of highly active antiretroviral therapy: a longitudinal study","volume":"18","author":"Stolte","year":"2004","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1097\/00126334-200304150-00013","article-title":"HIV treatments optimism among gay men: an international perspective","volume":"32","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib83","first-page":"241","article-title":"Impact of combination therapies on HIV risk perceptions and sexual risk among HIV-positive and HIV-negative gay and bisexual men","volume":"8","author":"Vanable","year":"2000","journal-title":"Health Psychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1097\/00042560-200003010-00010","article-title":"Combination therapies for HIV and sexual risk behavior among gay men","volume":"23","author":"Elford","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.292.2.224","article-title":"Highly active antiretroviral therapy and sexual risk behaviour","volume":"292","author":"Crepaz","year":"2004","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib86","series-title":"Sexual ecology - AIDS and the destiny of gay men","author":"Rotello","year":"1998"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.2466\/pr0.94.1.208-210","article-title":"Differential risk theory as a subset of social exchange theory: implications for making gay marriage culturally normative and for understanding stigma against homosexuals","volume":"94","author":"Schumm","year":"2004","journal-title":"Psychol Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-200203080-00018","article-title":"\u201cBarebacking\u201d in a diverse sample of men who have sex with men","volume":"16","author":"Mansergh","year":"2002","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1080\/0954012031000105423","article-title":"Intentional unsafe sex (barebacking) among HIV-positive gay men who seek sexual partners on the internet","volume":"15","author":"Halkitis","year":"2003","journal-title":"AIDS Care"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1024095016181","article-title":"Barebacking among gay and bisexual men in New York City: explanations for the emergence of intentional unsafe behavior","volume":"32","author":"Halkitis","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch Sex Behav"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1521\/aeap.15.3.133.23835","article-title":"Binge use of methamphetamine among HIV-positive men who have sex with men: pilot data and HIV prevention implications","volume":"15","author":"Semple","year":"2003","journal-title":"AIDS Educ Prev"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib92","first-page":"25","article-title":"Use of club drugs by HIV-seropositive and HIV-seronegative gay and bisexual men","volume":"11","author":"Romanelli","year":"2003","journal-title":"Top HIV Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1521\/aeap.14.8.482.24108","article-title":"Community Intervention Trial for Youth Study Team. Being high and taking sexual risks: findings from a multisite survey of urban young men who have sex with men","volume":"14","author":"Stueve","year":"2002","journal-title":"AIDS Educ Prev"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/S0376-8716(01)00189-2","article-title":"MDMA (\u2018ecstasy\u2019) use, and its association with high risk behaviors, mental health, and other factors among gay\/bisexual men in New York City","volume":"66","author":"Klitzman","year":"2002","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1521\/aeap.15.1.81.23842","article-title":"Depression and HIV risk behavior among Seattle-area injection drug users and young men who have sex with men","volume":"15","author":"Perdue","year":"2003","journal-title":"AIDS Educ Prev"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1300\/J070v13n01_01","article-title":"Trauma symptoms, sexual behaviors, and substance abuse: correlates of childhood sexual abuse and HIV risks among men who have sex with men","volume":"13","author":"Kalichman","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Child Sex Abus"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1080\/713612345","article-title":"Safer sex and social class: findings from a study of men using the \u2018gay scene\u2019 in the West Midlands region of the United Kingdom","volume":"10","author":"Hope","year":"1998","journal-title":"AIDS Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1097\/00042560-199809010-00010","article-title":"Determinants of sexual risk-taking among young HIV-negative gay and bisexual men","volume":"19","author":"Strathdee","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.75.4.242","article-title":"Homosexual men's HIV related sexual risk behaviour in Scotland","volume":"75","author":"Hart","year":"1999","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib100","unstructured":"Hickson F, Weatherburn P, Reid D, et al. Out and about: findings from the United Kingdom Gay Men's Sex Survey, 2002. London: Sigma Research. Available at: www.sigmaresearch.org.uk\/downloads\/report03f.pdf. Accessed May 10, 2005."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1521\/aeap.16.4.328.40397","article-title":"Correlates of high-risk sexual behavior among young men who have sex with men","volume":"16","author":"Dudley","year":"2004","journal-title":"AIDS Educ Prev"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1002\/j.2167-4086.2002.tb00003.x","article-title":"Internalized homophobia in men: wanting in the first person singular, hating in the first person plural","volume":"71","author":"Moss","year":"2002","journal-title":"Psychoanal Q"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1300\/J082v43n02_05","article-title":"Correlates of internalized homophobia and homosexual identity formation in a sample of gay men","volume":"43","author":"Rowen","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Homosex"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1037\/1099-9809.10.3.255","article-title":"Sexual risk as an outcome of social oppression: data from a probability sample of Latino gay men in three US cities","volume":"10","author":"Diaz","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cultur Divers Ethnic Minor Psychol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"990","DOI":"10.1097\/00126334-200408010-00017","article-title":"Beliefs about HIV reinfection (superinfection) and sexual behavior among a diverse sample of HIV-positive men who have sex with men","volume":"36","author":"Colfax","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1097\/00126334-200501010-00015","article-title":"Negotiated safety relationships and sexual behavior among a diverse sample of HIV-negative men who have sex with men","volume":"38","author":"Guzman","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"}],"container-title":["Infectious Disease Clinics of North America"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0891552005000358?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0891552005000358?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,3]],"date-time":"2023-05-03T13:05:47Z","timestamp":1683119147000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0891552005000358"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,6]]},"references-count":106,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S0891552005000358"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.idc.2005.04.004","relation":{},"ISSN":["0891-5520"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0891-5520","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,6]]}}}