{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T07:20:27Z","timestamp":1780471227587,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,1]],"date-time":"2017-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1504224000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","id.theclinics.com","clinicalkey.es","theclinics.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.fr","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infectious Disease Clinics of North America"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,5]],"date-time":"2017-07-05T04:30:58Z","timestamp":1499229058000},"page":"475-487","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["Invasive Fungal Infections in the Intensive Care Unit"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Luis","family":"Ostrosky-Zeichner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohanad","family":"Al-Obaidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1612","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e31819efac0","article-title":"Epidemiology, management, and risk factors for death of invasive Candida infections in critical care: a multicenter, prospective, observational study in France (2005-2006)","volume":"37","author":"Leroy","year":"2009","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1198","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1306801","article-title":"Multistate point-prevalence survey of health care\u2013associated infections","volume":"370","author":"Magill","year":"2014","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1086\/421946","article-title":"Nosocomial bloodstream infections in US hospitals: analysis of 24,179 cases from a prospective nationwide surveillance study","volume":"39","author":"Wisplinghoff","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1429","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-014-3355-z","article-title":"Candida colonization index and subsequent infection in critically ill surgical patients: 20 years later","volume":"40","author":"Eggimann","year":"2014","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/civ1194","article-title":"Clinical practice guideline for the management of candidiasis: 2016 update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America","volume":"62","author":"Pappas","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CCM.0000202208.37364.7D","article-title":"A\u00a0bedside scoring system (\u201cCandida score\u201d) for early antifungal treatment in nonneutropenic critically ill patients with Candida colonization","volume":"34","author":"Le\u00f3n","year":"2006","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-007-0270-z","article-title":"Multicenter retrospective development and validation of a clinical prediction rule for nosocomial invasive candidiasis in the intensive care setting","volume":"26","author":"Ostrosky-Zeichner","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R156","DOI":"10.1186\/cc8110","article-title":"Candidemia on presentation to the hospital: development and validation of a risk score","volume":"13","author":"Shorr","year":"2009","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R198","DOI":"10.1186\/cc10366","article-title":"Validation and comparison of clinical prediction rules for invasive candidiasis in intensive care unit patients: a matched case-control study","volume":"15","author":"Hermsen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1186\/2110-5820-1-50","article-title":"Evaluation of \u201cCandida score\u201d in critically ill patients: a prospective, multicenter, observational, cohort study","volume":"1","author":"Leroy","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Intensive Care"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1341","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.137.12.1341","article-title":"Predictive factors of mortality due to polymicrobial peritonitis with Candida isolation in peritoneal fluid in critically ill patients","volume":"137","author":"Dupont","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arch Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib12","first-page":"65","article-title":"Septic shock due to candidemia: outcomes and predictors of shock development","volume":"3","author":"Guzman","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Med Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1589","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CCM.0000217961.75225.E9","article-title":"Duration of hypotension before initiation of effective antimicrobial therapy is the critical determinant of survival in human septic shock","volume":"34","author":"Kumar","year":"2006","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00945-09","article-title":"Effect of antifungal therapy timing on mortality in cancer patients with candidemia","volume":"54","author":"Taur","year":"2010","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1284","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cit006","article-title":"Finding the missing 50% of invasive candidiasis: how nonculture diagnostics will improve understanding of disease spectrum and transform patient care","volume":"56","author":"Clancy","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib16","first-page":"S786","article-title":"Diagnostic issues, clinical characteristics and outcome for patients with fungaemia","volume":"17","author":"Cavling Arendrup","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"750","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciq206","article-title":"\u03b2-D-glucan assay for the diagnosis of invasive fungal infections: a meta-analysis","volume":"52","author":"Karageorgopoulos","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"Pt 3","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.47479-0","article-title":"Assessment of the clinical utility of serial beta-D-glucan concentrations in patients with persistent neutropenic fever","volume":"57","author":"Ellis","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Med Microbiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2009.02.012","article-title":"Approach to the diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis and candidiasis","volume":"30","author":"Wheat","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Chest Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5957","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.43.12.5957-5962.2005","article-title":"Evaluation of a (1->3)-beta-D-glucan assay for diagnosis of invasive fungal infections","volume":"43","author":"Pickering","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1624","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e31819daa14","article-title":"Usefulness of the \u201cCandida score\u201d for discriminating between Candida colonization and invasive candidiasis in non-neutropenic critically ill patients: a prospective multicenter study","volume":"37","author":"Le\u00f3n","year":"2009","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cis456","article-title":"(1,3)-\u03b2-D-glucan as a prognostic marker of treatment response in invasive candidiasis","volume":"55","author":"Jaijakul","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1240","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cis200","article-title":"Performance of candida real-time polymerase chain reaction, \u03b2-D-glucan assay, and blood cultures in the diagnosis of invasive candidiasis","volume":"54","author":"Nguyen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3640","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.49.9.3640-3645.2005","article-title":"Delaying the empiric treatment of Candida bloodstream infection until positive blood culture results are obtained: a potential risk factor for hospital mortality","volume":"49","author":"Morrell","year":"2005","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(02)01248-2","article-title":"Effects of nosocomial candidemia on outcomes of critically Ill patients","volume":"113","author":"Blot","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkm212","article-title":"Adequacy of empirical antifungal therapy and effect on outcome among patients with invasive Candida species infections","volume":"60","author":"Parkins","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Antimicrob Chemother"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1086\/504810","article-title":"Time to initiation of fluconazole therapy impacts mortality in patients with candidemia: a multi-institutional study","volume":"43","author":"Garey","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1066","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-199906000-00019","article-title":"Fluconazole prophylaxis prevents intra-abdominal candidiasis in high-risk surgical patients","volume":"27","author":"Eggimann","year":"1999","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib29","first-page":"542","article-title":"Double-blind placebo-controlled trial of fluconazole to prevent candidal infections in critically ill surgical patients","volume":"233","author":"Pelz","year":"2001","journal-title":"AnnSurg"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1708","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-002-1540-y","article-title":"Prevention of severe Candida infections in nonneutropenic, high-risk, critically ill patients: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in patients treated by selective digestive decontamination","volume":"28","author":"Garbino","year":"2002","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-149-2-200807150-00004","article-title":"Empirical fluconazole versus placebo for intensive care unit patients: a randomized trial","volume":"149","author":"Schuster","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1219","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciu074","article-title":"MSG-01: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of caspofungin prophylaxis followed by preemptive therapy for invasive candidiasis in high-risk adults in the critical care setting","volume":"58","author":"Ostrosky-Zeichner","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib33","article-title":"Antifungal agents for preventing fungal infections in non-neutropenic critically ill patients","author":"Cortegiani","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1555","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.14655","article-title":"Empirical micafungin treatment and survival without invasive fungal infection in adults with ICU-acquired sepsis, candida colonization, and multiple organ failure","volume":"316","author":"Timsit","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1479","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-005-2794-y","article-title":"Prophylaxis of Candida infections in adult trauma and surgical intensive care patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"31","author":"Cruciani","year":"2005","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2012.10.003","article-title":"Epidemiology and outcomes of candidemia in 3648 patients: data from the prospective antifungal therapy (PATH Alliance\u00ae) registry, 2004-2008","volume":"74","author":"Pfaller","year":"2012","journal-title":"Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1533\u20134406","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2020","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa021585","article-title":"Comparison of caspofungin and amphotericin B for invasive candidiasis","volume":"347","author":"Mora-Duarte","year":"2002","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1676","DOI":"10.1086\/598933","article-title":"A\u00a0multicenter, double-blind trial of a high-dose caspofungin treatment regimen versus a standard caspofungin treatment regimen for adult patients with invasive candidiasis","volume":"48","author":"Betts","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"9572","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1519","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)60605-9","article-title":"Micafungin versus liposomal amphotericin B for candidaemia and invasive candidosis: a phase III randomised double-blind trial","volume":"369","author":"Kuse","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2472","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa066906","article-title":"Anidulafungin versus fluconazole for invasive candidiasis","volume":"356","author":"Reboli","year":"2007","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-11-261","article-title":"Anidulafungin compared with fluconazole for treatment of candidemia and other forms of invasive candidiasis caused by Candida albicans: a multivariate analysis of factors associated with improved outcome","volume":"11","author":"Reboli","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"770","DOI":"10.1086\/423378","article-title":"A\u00a0randomized, double-blind trial of anidulafungin versus fluconazole for the treatment of esophageal candidiasis","volume":"39","author":"Krause","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1110","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cis021","article-title":"Impact of treatment strategy on outcomes in patients with candidemia and other forms of invasive candidiasis: a patient-level quantitative review of randomized trials","volume":"54","author":"Andes","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-0691.12039","article-title":"ESCMID* guideline for the diagnosis and management of candida diseases 2012: non-neutropenic adult patients","volume":"18","author":"Cornely","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1671","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2011.01.038","article-title":"Fungal eye disease at a tertiary care center: the utility of routine inpatient consultation","volume":"118","author":"Dozier","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1078","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2015.07.033","article-title":"Inpatient ophthalmology consultation for fungemia: prevalence of ocular involvement and necessity of funduscopic screening","volume":"160","author":"Adam","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-014-0722-7","article-title":"Epidemiology of invasive aspergillosis in critically ill patients: clinical presentation, underlying conditions, and outcomes","volume":"19","author":"Taccone","year":"2015","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2006.03.006","article-title":"Isolation of Aspergillus in critically ill patients: a potential marker of poor outcome","volume":"21","author":"Khasawneh","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Crit Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R31","DOI":"10.1186\/cc4823","article-title":"Clinical relevance of Aspergillus isolation from respiratory tract samples in critically ill patients","volume":"10","author":"Vandewoude","year":"2006","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200401-093OC","article-title":"Invasive aspergillosis in critically ill patients without malignancy","volume":"170","author":"Meersseman","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ofw171","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofw171","article-title":"Invasive aspergillosis associated with severe influenza infections","volume":"3","author":"Crum-Cianflone","year":"2016","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201111-1978OC","article-title":"A\u00a0clinical algorithm to diagnose invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in critically ill patients","volume":"186","author":"Blot","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R191","DOI":"10.1186\/cc3488","article-title":"Isolation of Aspergillus spp. from the respiratory tract in critically ill patients: risk factors, clinical presentation and outcome","volume":"9","author":"Garnacho-Montero","year":"2005","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-016-0902-2","article-title":"Analysis of peritoneal galactomannan for the diagnosis of Aspergillus peritonitis","volume":"44","author":"Dichtl","year":"2016","journal-title":"Infection"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib55","first-page":"71","article-title":"Disseminated aspergillosis in intensive care unit patients: an autopsy study","volume":"15","author":"Dimopoulos","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Chemother"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1366","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2010.03402.x","article-title":"Survey of aspergillosis in non-neutropenic patients in Swiss teaching hospitals","volume":"17","author":"Garbino","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciw326","article-title":"Practice guidelines for the diagnosis and management of aspergillosis: 2016 update by the infectious diseases society of America","volume":"63","author":"Patterson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1813","DOI":"10.1086\/588660","volume":"46","author":"De Pauw","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1355","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-011-1229-7","article-title":"A\u00a0prospective survey of Aspergillus spp. in respiratory tract samples: prevalence, clinical impact and antifungal susceptibility","volume":"30","author":"Mortensen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1309\/AJCPO8VTSK3HRNUT","article-title":"Diagnostic accuracy of histopathologic and cytopathologic examination of Aspergillus species","volume":"139","author":"Shah","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200704-606OC","article-title":"Galactomannan in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid","volume":"177","author":"Meersseman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.3109\/13693786.2010.521523","article-title":"Value of consecutive galactomannan determinations for the diagnosis and prognosis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in critically ill chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"49","author":"He","year":"2011","journal-title":"Med Mycol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(04)01045-X","article-title":"Detection of circulating galactomannan for the diagnosis and management of invasive aspergillosis","volume":"4","author":"Mennink-Kersten","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib64","first-page":"459405","article-title":"Laboratory diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis: from diagnosis to prediction of outcome","volume":"2013","author":"Barton","year":"2013","journal-title":"Scientifica (Cairo)"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01602-10","article-title":"PCR diagnosis of invasive candidiasis: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"49","author":"Avni","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.3109\/1040841X.2013.804033","article-title":"Utility of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid galactomannan alone or in combination with PCR for the diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis in adult hematology patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"41","author":"Heng","year":"2015","journal-title":"Crit Rev Microbiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa020191","article-title":"Voriconazole versus amphotericin B for primary therapy of invasive aspergillosis","volume":"347","author":"Herbrecht","year":"2002","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib68","first-page":"311","article-title":"Voriconazole in clinical practice","volume":"24","author":"Mikulska","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Chemother"},{"issue":"10020","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"760","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)01159-9","article-title":"Isavuconazole versus voriconazole for primary treatment of invasive mould disease caused by Aspergillus and other filamentous fungi (SECURE): a phase 3, randomised-controlled, non-inferiority trial","volume":"387","author":"Maertens","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1647","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-016-0652-6","article-title":"Isavuconazole: a review in invasive aspergillosis and mucormycosis","volume":"76","author":"Shirley","year":"2016","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa061098","article-title":"Posaconazole or fluconazole for prophylaxis in severe graft-versus-host disease","volume":"356","author":"Ullmann","year":"2007","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa061094","article-title":"Posaconazole vs. fluconazole or itraconazole prophylaxis in patients with neutropenia","volume":"356","author":"Cornely","year":"2007","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1086\/508774","article-title":"Treatment of invasive aspergillosis with posaconazole in patients who are refractory to or intolerant of conventional therapy: an externally controlled trial","volume":"44","author":"Walsh","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1289","DOI":"10.1086\/514341","article-title":"Liposomal amphotericin B as initial therapy for invasive mold infection: a randomized trial comparing a high-loading dose regimen with standard dosing (AmBiLoad trial)","volume":"44","author":"Cornely","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1032","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.46.4.1032-1037.2002","article-title":"Antifungal activities of posaconazole, ravuconazole, and voriconazole compared to those of itraconazole and amphotericin B against 239 clinical isolates of Aspergillus spp. and other filamentous fungi: report from SENTRY antimicrobial surveillance program","volume":"46","author":"Pfaller","year":"2002","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3323","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01155-09","article-title":"In\u00a0vitro susceptibility of clinical isolates of Aspergillus spp. to anidulafungin, caspofungin, and micafungin: a head-to-head comparison using the CLSI M38-A2 broth microdilution method","volume":"47","author":"Pfaller","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.12477","article-title":"Clinical evidence for caspofungin monotherapy in the first-line and salvage therapy of invasive Aspergillus infections","volume":"59","author":"Heinz","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mycoses"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1227","DOI":"10.1038\/bmt.2009.334","article-title":"Caspofungin first-line therapy for invasive aspergillosis in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant patients: an European Organisation for research and treatment of cancer study","volume":"45","author":"Herbrecht","year":"2010","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1563","DOI":"10.1086\/423381","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of caspofungin for treatment of invasive aspergillosis in patients refractory to or intolerant of conventional antifungal therapy","volume":"39","author":"Maertens","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R222","DOI":"10.1186\/cc9365","article-title":"The use of mannan antigen and anti-mannan antibodies in the diagnosis of invasive candidiasis: recommendations from the Third European Conference on Infections in Leukemia","volume":"14","author":"Mikulska","year":"2010","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.12482","article-title":"Specificity of mannan antigen and anti-mannan antibody screening in patients with haematological malignancies at risk for fungal infection","volume":"59","author":"Duettmann","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mycoses"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3652","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00942-12","article-title":"Diagnostic accuracy of PCR alone compared to galactomannan in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid for diagnosis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis: a systematic review","volume":"50","author":"Avni","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"892","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciu959","article-title":"T2 magnetic resonance assay for the rapid diagnosis of candidemia in whole blood: a clinical trial","volume":"60","author":"Mylonakis","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"}],"container-title":["Infectious Disease Clinics of North America"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0891552017300351?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0891552017300351?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,30]],"date-time":"2018-08-30T15:52:50Z","timestamp":1535644370000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0891552017300351"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,9]]},"references-count":83,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S0891552017300351"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005","relation":{},"ISSN":["0891-5520"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0891-5520","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Invasive Fungal Infections in the Intensive Care Unit","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Infectious Disease Clinics of North America","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.idc.2017.05.005","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}