{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T00:56:47Z","timestamp":1776041807565,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]],"date-time":"2016-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1451606400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,7]],"date-time":"2016-04-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1459987200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":97,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Medical Scholars Research Program of the University of Mississippi Medical Center"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["idcasereports.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["IDCases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.idcr.2016.04.001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,12]],"date-time":"2016-04-12T18:30:22Z","timestamp":1460485822000},"page":"56-58","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Nonencapsulated Streptococcus pneumoniae as a cause of chronic adenoiditis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Cheshil","family":"Dixit","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lance E.","family":"Keller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jessica L.","family":"Bradshaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D. Ashley","family":"Robinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edwin","family":"Swiatlo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1649-7563","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Larry S.","family":"McDaniel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.idcr.2016.04.001_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0b013e3181d9e639","article-title":"Simultaneous assay for four bacterial species including Alloiococcus otitidis using multiplex-PCR in children with culture negative acute otitis media","volume":"29","author":"Kaur","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.idcr.2016.04.001_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1177\/000992280504400101","article-title":"Overcoming current obstacles in the management of bacterial community-acquired pneumonia in ambulatory children","volume":"44","author":"Pelton","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Pediatr (Phila)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.idcr.2016.04.001_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/14.4.801","article-title":"Infections caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae: clinical spectrum, pathogenesis, immunity, and treatment","volume":"14","author":"Musher","year":"1992","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.idcr.2016.04.001_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00018-12","article-title":"Pediatric invasive pneumococcal disease in the United States in the era of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines","volume":"25","author":"Tan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.idcr.2016.04.001_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e408","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2004-2338","article-title":"Post-PCV7 changes in colonizing pneumococcal serotypes in 16 Massachusetts communities, 2001 and 2004","volume":"116","author":"Huang","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.idcr.2016.04.001_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1001017","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001017","article-title":"Effect of pneumococcal conjugate vaccination on serotype-specific carriage and invasive disease in England: a cross-sectional study","volume":"8","author":"Flasche","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.idcr.2016.04.001_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1326","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.05182-11","article-title":"Characterization of nontypeable and atypical Streptococcus pneumoniae pediatric isolates from 1994 to 2010","volume":"50","author":"Ing","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.idcr.2016.04.001_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1086\/590001","article-title":"Changing epidemiology of invasive pneumococcal disease among White Mountain Apache persons in the era of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine","volume":"47","author":"Lacapa","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.idcr.2016.04.001_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.054270-0","article-title":"Point mutations in wchA are responsible for the non-typability of two invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates","volume":"158","author":"Melchiorre","year":"2011","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.idcr.2016.04.001_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.3109\/02713683.2010.492462","article-title":"Assessment of Streptococcus pneumoniae capsule in conjunctivitis and keratitis in vivo neuraminidase activity increases in nonencapsulated pneumococci following conjunctival infection","volume":"35","author":"Norcross","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr Eye Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.idcr.2016.04.001_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2014.03.010","article-title":"Impact of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on serotype distribution and susceptibility trends of pediatric non-invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates in Tokai, Japan over a 5-year period","volume":"20","author":"Okade","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Infect Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.idcr.2016.04.001_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00035-12","article-title":"Nontypeable pneumococci can be divided into multiple cps types, including one type expressing the novel gene pspK","volume":"3","author":"Park","year":"2012","journal-title":"MBio"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.idcr.2016.04.001_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e97825","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0097825","article-title":"Population-based analysis of invasive nontypeable pneumococci reveals that most have defective capsule synthesis genes","volume":"9","author":"Park","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.idcr.2016.04.001_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1086\/506453","article-title":"The important role of nontypable Streptococcus pneumoniae international clones in acute conjunctivitis","volume":"194","author":"Porat","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.idcr.2016.04.001_bib1195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e01792","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.01792-15","article-title":"Nonencapsulated Streptococcus pneumoniae: emergence and pathogenesis","volume":"7","author":"Keller","year":"2016","journal-title":"mBio"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.idcr.2016.04.001_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00755-12","article-title":"PspK of Streptococcus pneumoniae increases adherence to epithelial cells and enhances nasopharyngeal colonization","volume":"81","author":"Keller","year":"2013","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.idcr.2016.04.001_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ofu037","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofu037","article-title":"Nonencapsulated Streptococcus pneumoniae cause acute otitis media in the chinchilla that is enhanced by pneumococcal surface protein K","volume":"1","author":"Keller","year":"2014","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.idcr.2016.04.001_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.59.1.222-228.1991","article-title":"PspA, a surface protein of Streptococcus pneumoniae, is capable of eliciting protection against pneumococci of more than one capsular type","volume":"59","author":"McDaniel","year":"1991","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"issue":"Pt 1","key":"10.1016\/j.idcr.2016.04.001_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3049","DOI":"10.1099\/00221287-144-11-3049","article-title":"A multilocus sequence typing scheme for Streptococcus pneumoniae: identification of clones associated with serious invasive disease","volume":"144","author":"Enright","year":"1998","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.idcr.2016.04.001_bib1215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2015.10.006","article-title":"Molecular epidemiology of nonencapsulated Streptococcus pneumoniae among Japanese children with acute otitis media","volume":"22","author":"Hotomi","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Infect Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.idcr.2016.04.001_bib0215","series-title":"Ear infections (Otitis media) in children (0\u201317): use and expenditures, 2006","first-page":"5","author":"Soni","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.idcr.2016.04.001_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1504.071704","article-title":"Novel type of Streptococcus pneumoniae causing multidrug-resistant acute otitis media in children","volume":"15","author":"Xu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.idcr.2016.04.001_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1772","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.298.15.1772","article-title":"Emergence of a multiresistant serotype 19A pneumococcal strain not included in the 7-valent conjugate vaccine as an otopathogen in children","volume":"298","author":"Pichichero","year":"2007","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.idcr.2016.04.001_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2008.02025.x","article-title":"Antibiotic susceptibility and molecular epidemiology of nasopharyngeal pneumococci from Spanish children","volume":"14","author":"S\u00e1nchez-Tatay","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.idcr.2016.04.001_bib0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2010.07.003","article-title":"Non-typeable Streptococcus pneumoniae carriage isolates genetically similar to invasive and carriage isolates expressing capsular type 14 in Brazilian infants","volume":"61","author":"Andrade","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.idcr.2016.04.001_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.2895","article-title":"Dense genomic sampling identifies highways of pneumococcal recombination","volume":"46","author":"Chewapreecha","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Genet"}],"container-title":["IDCases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S221425091630018X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S221425091630018X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,18]],"date-time":"2020-09-18T14:00:52Z","timestamp":1600437652000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S221425091630018X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016]]},"references-count":26,"alternative-id":["S221425091630018X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.idcr.2016.04.001","relation":{},"ISSN":["2214-2509"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2214-2509","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Nonencapsulated Streptococcus pneumoniae as a cause of chronic adenoiditis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"IDCases","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.idcr.2016.04.001","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"simple-article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}