{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T15:29:25Z","timestamp":1787239765529,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,27]],"date-time":"2024-10-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729987200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Dental Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.identj.2024.10.015","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,14]],"date-time":"2024-11-14T11:07:25Z","timestamp":1731582445000},"page":"716-726","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Exploring the Nonlinear Relationship Between Dietary Flavonoid Intake and Periodontitis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"75","author":[{"given":"Hua","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linlong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shunbiao","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunliang","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guangyang","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zheng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoqin","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yun","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.identj.2024.10.015_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12202","article-title":"What exactly distinguishes aggressive from chronic periodontitis: is it mainly a difference in the degree of bacterial invasiveness?","volume":"75","author":"Van der Velden","year":"2017","journal-title":"Periodontology 2000"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.identj.2024.10.015_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12221","article-title":"Periodontitis: facts, fallacies and the future","volume":"75","author":"Slots","year":"2017","journal-title":"Periodontology 2000"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.identj.2024.10.015_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-020-00488-6","article-title":"Local and systemic mechanisms linking periodontal disease and inflammatory comorbidities","volume":"21","author":"Hajishengallis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.identj.2024.10.015_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1165","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.13506","article-title":"Global, regional, and national burden of severe periodontitis, 1990-2019: an analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019","volume":"48","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.identj.2024.10.015_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1111\/idj.12630","article-title":"Current concepts in the management of periodontitis","volume":"71","author":"Kwon","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int Dent J"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.identj.2024.10.015_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1476","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.13865","article-title":"Association between probiotic consumption and periodontitis: evidence from NHANES 2009-2014","volume":"50","author":"Ren","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.identj.2024.10.015_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.13625","article-title":"Investigating oral and systemic pathways between unhealthy and healthy dietary patterns to periodontitis in adolescents: a population-based study","volume":"49","author":"Costa","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.identj.2024.10.015_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12926","article-title":"Better-quality diet is associated with lower odds of severe periodontitis in US Hispanics\/Latinos","volume":"45","author":"Salazar","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.identj.2024.10.015_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2023.111468","article-title":"Depression associated with dietary intake of flavonoids: an analysis of data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2007-2010","volume":"173","author":"Gui","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.identj.2024.10.015_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1186\/s40168-022-01420-x","article-title":"Multifaceted roles of flavonoids mediating plant-microbe interactions","volume":"10","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Microbiome"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.identj.2024.10.015_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jff.2017.04.005","article-title":"Digestive enzyme inhibition activity of the phenolic substances in selected fruits, vegetables and tea as compared to black legumes","volume":"38","author":"Tan","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Funct Foods"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.identj.2024.10.015_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13933","DOI":"10.1111\/jfbc.13933","article-title":"Nutritional significance and therapeutic potential of Moringa oleifera: the wonder plant","volume":"45","author":"Arora","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Food Biochem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.identj.2024.10.015_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jff.2017.01.022","article-title":"Kaempferol \u2013 a dietary anticancer molecule with multiple mechanisms of action: recent trends and advancements","volume":"30","author":"Kashyap","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Funct Foods"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.identj.2024.10.015_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5007","DOI":"10.1039\/D0FO03338C","article-title":"Impact of citrus flavonoid supplementation on inflammation in lipopolysaccharide-induced periodontal disease in mice","volume":"12","author":"Carvalho","year":"2021","journal-title":"Food Funct"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.identj.2024.10.015_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.774273","article-title":"Quercetin preserves oral cavity health by mitigating inflammation and microbial dysbiosis","volume":"12","author":"Mooney","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.identj.2024.10.015_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1538","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15061538","article-title":"Dietary and nutraceutical interventions as an adjunct to non-surgical periodontal therapy\u2014a systematic review","volume":"15","author":"Woelber","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.identj.2024.10.015_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1057","DOI":"10.1002\/JPER.19-0463","article-title":"Dietary flavonoid intake and risk of periodontitis","volume":"91","author":"Alhassani","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.identj.2024.10.015_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-024-05561-1","article-title":"The relationship of dietary flavonoids and periodontitis in US population: a cross-sectional NHANES analysis","volume":"28","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin Oral Investig"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.identj.2024.10.015_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2010.18","article-title":"SPARC: a key player in the pathologies associated with obesity and diabetes","volume":"6","author":"Kos","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.identj.2024.10.015_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"914","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034512457373","article-title":"Prevalence of periodontitis in adults in the United States: 2009 and 2010","volume":"91","author":"Eke","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.identj.2024.10.015_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1449","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2012.110664","article-title":"Update of the case definitions for population-based surveillance of periodontitis","volume":"83","author":"Eke","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"issue":"7 Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.identj.2024.10.015_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1387","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2007.060264","article-title":"Case definitions for use in population-based surveillance of periodontitis","volume":"78","author":"Page","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.identj.2024.10.015_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12145","article-title":"Periodontitis prevalence in adults \u2265 65 years of age, in the USA","volume":"72","author":"Eke","year":"2016","journal-title":"Periodontology 2000"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.identj.2024.10.015_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1002\/JPER.18-0183","article-title":"Association between time since quitting smoking and periodontitis in former smokers in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) 2009 to 2012","volume":"90","author":"SSY","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.identj.2024.10.015_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"866","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12765","article-title":"Association of flossing\/inter-dental cleaning and periodontitis in adults","volume":"44","author":"Cepeda","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.identj.2024.10.015_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2327","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.2288","article-title":"Relationship between body mass index and fracture risk is mediated by bone mineral density","volume":"29","author":"Chan","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.identj.2024.10.015_bib0027","article-title":"The association of healthy eating index with periodontitis in NHANES 2013-2014","volume":"9","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Frontiers in nutrition"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.identj.2024.10.015_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.13098","article-title":"Development and validation of a predictive model for periodontitis using NHANES 2011-2012 data","volume":"46","author":"Montero","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.identj.2024.10.015_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2022.854606","article-title":"Periodontitis is associated with heart failure: a population-based study (NHANES III)","volume":"13","author":"Yan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.identj.2024.10.015_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvz201","article-title":"Periodontitis is associated with hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"116","author":"Mu\u00f1oz Aguilera","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cardiovas Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.identj.2024.10.015_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12270","article-title":"Diabetes as a potential risk for periodontitis: association studies","volume":"83","author":"Genco","year":"2020","journal-title":"Periodontology 2000"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.identj.2024.10.015_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1194","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13041194","article-title":"Association between dietary inflammatory index and periodontitis: a cross-sectional and mediation analysis","volume":"13","author":"Machado","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.identj.2024.10.015_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-022-02416-7","article-title":"The association between dietary vitamin C intake and periodontitis: result from the NHANES (2009-2014)","volume":"22","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC oral health"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.identj.2024.10.015_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2011.03866.x","article-title":"High-fiber foods reduce periodontal disease progression in men aged 65 and older: the Veterans Affairs normative aging study\/Dental Longitudinal Study","volume":"60","author":"Schwartz","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.identj.2024.10.015_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1741-2358.2008.00244.x","article-title":"A longitudinal study of the relationship between diet intake and dental caries and periodontal disease in elderly Japanese subjects","volume":"26","author":"Yoshihara","year":"2009","journal-title":"Gerodontology"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.identj.2024.10.015_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1042","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2013.130179","article-title":"Coffee consumption and periodontal disease in males","volume":"85","author":"Ng","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.identj.2024.10.015_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2009.080510","article-title":"Relationship between intake of green tea and periodontal disease","volume":"80","author":"Kushiyama","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.identj.2024.10.015_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2019.125124","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory effects of flavonoids","volume":"299","author":"Maleki","year":"2019","journal-title":"Food Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.identj.2024.10.015_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-8-39","article-title":"Relationship between soy and isoflavone intake and periodontal disease: the Freshmen in Dietetic Courses Study II","volume":"8","author":"Tanaka","year":"2008","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"}],"container-title":["International Dental Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0020653924015697?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0020653924015697?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,3]],"date-time":"2025-06-03T12:55:33Z","timestamp":1748955333000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0020653924015697"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S0020653924015697"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.identj.2024.10.015","relation":{},"ISSN":["0020-6539"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0020-6539","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Exploring the Nonlinear Relationship Between Dietary Flavonoid Intake and Periodontitis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"International Dental Journal","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.identj.2024.10.015","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of FDI World Dental Federation.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}