{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T06:21:24Z","timestamp":1793859684392,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,30]],"date-time":"2025-11-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764460800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infectious Diseases Now"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.idnow.2025.105220","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,29]],"date-time":"2025-11-29T04:59:37Z","timestamp":1764392377000},"page":"105220","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Factors predicting 2-month culture positivity in smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"Mickael","family":"Manchon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mallorie","family":"Kerjouan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Delphine","family":"Bachelet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"St\u00e9phane","family":"Jouneau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles","family":"Ricordel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C\u00e9dric","family":"Laouenan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathalie De","family":"Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre","family":"Tattevin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.idnow.2025.105220_b0005","unstructured":"World Health Organization [Internet]. 2024. Global Tuberculosis Report 2024 [cited November 11, 2025]. Available from: https:\/\/www.who.int\/teams\/global-programme-on-tuberculosis-and-lung-health\/tb-reports\/global-tuberculosis-report-2024."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.idnow.2025.105220_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e147","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciw376","article-title":"Official American Thoracic Society\/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention\/Infectious Diseases Society of America Clinical Practice guidelines: Treatment of Drug-Susceptible Tuberculosis","volume":"63","author":"Nahid","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.idnow.2025.105220_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01356-2016","article-title":"The ERS-endorsed official ATS\/CDC\/IDSA clinical practice guidelines on treatment of drug-susceptible tuberculosis","volume":"48","author":"Sotgiu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.idnow.2025.105220_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(10)70071-2","article-title":"Sputum monitoring during tuberculosis treatment for predicting outcome: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"10","author":"Horne","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.idnow.2025.105220_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1062","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/147.4.1062","article-title":"Assessment of new sterilizing drugs for treating pulmonary tuberculosis by culture at 2 months","volume":"147","author":"Mitchison","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"issue":"9332","key":"10.1016\/j.idnow.2025.105220_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)09742-8","article-title":"Rifapentine and isoniazid once a week versus rifampicin and isoniazid twice a week for treatment of drug-susceptible pulmonary tuberculosis in HIV-negative patients: a randomised clinical trial","volume":"360","author":"Benator","year":"2002","journal-title":"Lancet Lond Engl"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.idnow.2025.105220_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(07)70112-3","article-title":"Biomarkers of treatment response in clinical trials of novel antituberculosis agents","volume":"7","author":"Perrin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.idnow.2025.105220_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2014.01.010","article-title":"Risk factors for 1-year relapse of pulmonary tuberculosis treated with a 6-month daily regimen","volume":"108","author":"Jo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.idnow.2025.105220_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0063840","article-title":"An evaluation of culture results during treatment for tuberculosis as surrogate endpoints for treatment failure and relapse","volume":"8","author":"Phillips","year":"2013","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.idnow.2025.105220_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2017-211120","article-title":"Predicting tuberculosis relapse in patients treated with the standard 6-month regimen: an individual patient data meta-analysis","volume":"74","author":"Romanowski","year":"2019","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.idnow.2025.105220_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00007410","article-title":"Role of 2-month sputum smears in predicting culture conversion in pulmonary tuberculosis","volume":"37","author":"Su","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.idnow.2025.105220_b0060","first-page":"432","article-title":"Factors associated with time to sputum smear conversion in active pulmonary tuberculosis","volume":"7","author":"Dom\u00ednguez-Castellano","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.idnow.2025.105220_b0065","first-page":"58","article-title":"Factors predicting persistent sputum smear positivity among pulmonary tuberculosis patients 2 months after treatment","volume":"7","author":"Singla","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.idnow.2025.105220_b0070","article-title":"Increasing Number and volume of Cavitary Lesions on Chest Computed Tomography are Associated with Prolonged Time to Culture Conversion in Pulmonary Tuberculosis. Open Forum","volume":"6(6):ofz232","author":"Hernandez-Romieu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.idnow.2025.105220_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0029588","article-title":"Baseline predictors of sputum culture conversion in pulmonary tuberculosis: importance of cavities, smoking, time to detection and W-Beijing genotype","volume":"7","author":"Visser","year":"2012","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.idnow.2025.105220_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.14.0405","article-title":"Serum drug concentrations of INH and RMP predict 2-month sputum culture results in tuberculosis patients","volume":"19","author":"Mah","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.idnow.2025.105220_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1086\/513772","article-title":"Factors influencing time to sputum conversion among patients with smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis","volume":"25","author":"Telzak","year":"1997","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.idnow.2025.105220_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-1241.2006.01131.x","article-title":"Factors influencing sputum smear and culture conversion time among patients with new case pulmonary tuberculosis","volume":"61","author":"G\u00fcler","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J Clin Pract"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.idnow.2025.105220_b0095","first-page":"560","article-title":"Baseline sputum time to detection predicts month two culture conversion and relapse in non-HIV-infected patients","volume":"14","author":"Hesseling","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.idnow.2025.105220_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e142","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciu550","article-title":"Sputum culture conversion with moxifloxacin-containing regimens in the treatment of patients with newly diagnosed sputum-positive pulmonary tuberculosis in South India","volume":"59","author":"Velayutham","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.idnow.2025.105220_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0142607","article-title":"Factors Affecting Time to Sputum Culture Conversion in adults with Pulmonary Tuberculosis: a Historical Cohort Study without Censored cases","volume":"10","author":"Kanda","year":"2015","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.idnow.2025.105220_b0110","volume":"52(RR-11):1\u201377","year":"2003","journal-title":"Recomm Rep Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.idnow.2025.105220_b0115","article-title":"Treatment with a Three-Drug Regimen for Pulmonary Tuberculosis based on Rapid Molecular Detection of Isoniazid Resistance: a Noninferiority Randomized Trial (FAST-TB). Open Forum","volume":"9(8):ofac353","author":"De Castro","year":"2022","journal-title":"Infect Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.idnow.2025.105220_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00804-2021","article-title":"World Health Organization treatment outcome definitions for tuberculosis: 2021 update","volume":"58","author":"Linh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.idnow.2025.105220_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.201207-038OC","article-title":"The association between symptoms and microbiologically defined response to tuberculosis treatment","volume":"10","author":"Hales","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann Am Thorac Soc"},{"issue":"9621","key":"10.1016\/j.idnow.2025.105220_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1364","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)60595-4","article-title":"Prevalence, pathogenesis, and causes of chronic cough","volume":"371","author":"Chung","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lancet Lond Engl"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.idnow.2025.105220_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0103768","article-title":"Culture Conversion Rate at 2 months of Treatment according to Diagnostic Methods among patients with Culture-positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis","volume":"9","author":"Lee","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.idnow.2025.105220_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1086\/655127","article-title":"Prolonged infectiousness of tuberculosis patients in a directly observed therapy short-course program with standardized therapy","volume":"51","author":"Fitzwater","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.idnow.2025.105220_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.15.0469","article-title":"Factors associated with extended treatment among tuberculosis patients at risk of relapse in California","volume":"20","author":"Qin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.idnow.2025.105220_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1186\/s12890-020-01192-w","article-title":"Comparison of sputum induction and bronchoscopy in diagnosis of sputum smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis: a systemic review and meta-analysis","volume":"20","author":"Luo","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Pulm Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.idnow.2025.105220_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-017-0955-9","article-title":"A comparison of liquid and solid culture for determining relapse and durable cure in phase III TB trials for new regimens","volume":"15","author":"Phillips","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.idnow.2025.105220_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1111\/hiv.12635","article-title":"Comparison of L\u00f6wenstein\u2013Jensen and BACTEC MGIT 960 culture for Mycobacterium tuberculosis in people living with HIV","volume":"19","author":"Hongler","year":"2018","journal-title":"HIV Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.idnow.2025.105220_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-021-02184-0","article-title":"Bacterial load slopes represent biomarkers of tuberculosis therapy success, failure, and relapse","volume":"4","author":"Magombedze","year":"2021","journal-title":"Commun Biol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.idnow.2025.105220_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.13272","article-title":"Update on tuberculosis biomarkers: from correlates of risk, to correlates of active disease and of cure from disease","volume":"23","author":"Goletti","year":"2018","journal-title":"Respirol Carlton Vic"}],"container-title":["Infectious Diseases Now"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S266699192500199X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S266699192500199X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]],"date-time":"2025-12-23T19:23:23Z","timestamp":1766517803000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S266699192500199X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S266699192500199X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.idnow.2025.105220","relation":{},"ISSN":["2666-9919"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2666-9919","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Factors predicting 2-month culture positivity in smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Infectious Diseases Now","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.idnow.2025.105220","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"105220"}}