{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T18:12:21Z","timestamp":1786990341915,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Emergency Nursing"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ienj.2025.101678","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,17]],"date-time":"2025-09-17T12:14:55Z","timestamp":1758111295000},"page":"101678","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"special_numbering":"C","title":["\u201cAre prehospital shock, modified shock, age-adjusted shock indices and some scoring systems effective in predicting the prognosis of high-energy trauma Patients?\u201d"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"83","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0793-3693","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Melih","family":"Y\u00fcksel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1061-5327","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mehmet O\u011fuzhan","family":"Ay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8737-3576","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fatma Bet\u00fcl","family":"\u00c7al\u0131\u015fkan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-2550-7107","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ay\u015fe","family":"K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-4878-7129","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mustafa Tolga","family":"\u00d6zdal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-2561-4526","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Atakan","family":"Aydo\u011fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6389-5361","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ye\u015fim","family":"\u0130\u015fler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2005-6100","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Halil","family":"Kaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ienj.2025.101678_b0005","unstructured":"WHO Global Health Estimates. . [cited Accessed 22 Nov 2021.]. Available from: https:\/\/www.who.int\/healthinfo\/global_burden_disease\/en\/ ."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ienj.2025.101678_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1186\/s12873-022-00749-8","article-title":"The effect of time of measurement on the discriminant ability for mortality in trauma of a pre-hospital shock index multiplied by age and divided by the Glasgow Coma Score: a registry study","volume":"22","author":"Laaksonen","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Emerg Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ienj.2025.101678_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0000000000001516","article-title":"Accuracy of prehospital triage protocols in selecting severely injured patients: a systematic review","volume":"83","author":"van Rein","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Trauma Acute Care Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ienj.2025.101678_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1007\/s00068-018-1006-8","article-title":"The role of emergency medical service providers in the decision-making process of prehospital trauma triage","volume":"46","author":"van Rein","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ienj.2025.101678_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1186\/s13017-021-00372-1","article-title":"Accuracy of pre-hospital triage tools for major trauma: a systematic review with meta-analysis and net clinical benefit","volume":"16","author":"Gianola","year":"2021","journal-title":"World J Emerg Surg"},{"issue":"43","key":"10.1016\/j.ienj.2025.101678_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1947","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0028-1106070","article-title":"\u201cShock index\u201d","volume":"92","author":"Allg\u00f6wer","year":"1967","journal-title":"Dtsch Med Wochenschr"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ienj.2025.101678_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2013.05.007","article-title":"An analysis of shock index as a correlate for outcomes in trauma by age group","volume":"154","author":"McNab","year":"2013","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ienj.2025.101678_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.5847\/wjem.j.issn.1920-8642.2012.02.006","article-title":"Modified shock index and mortality rate of emergency patients","volume":"3","author":"Liu","year":"2012","journal-title":"World J Emerg Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ienj.2025.101678_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1097\/SHK.0000000000000892","article-title":"Age shock index is superior to shock index and modified shock index for predicting long-term prognosis in acute myocardial infarction","volume":"48","author":"Yu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Shock"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ienj.2025.101678_b0050","first-page":"1008","article-title":"Rapid Emergency Medicine score can predict long-term mortality in nonsurgical emergency department patients","volume":"11","author":"Olsson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Acad Emerg Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ienj.2025.101678_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2019.02.004","article-title":"Emergency Department Triage Early Warning Score (TREWS) predicts in-hospital mortality in the emergency department","volume":"38","author":"Lee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Emerg Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ienj.2025.101678_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1097\/MEJ.0b013e328353d926","article-title":"A clinical decision model identifies patients at risk for delayed diagnosed injuries after high-energy trauma","volume":"20","author":"Snoek","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur J Emerg Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ienj.2025.101678_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-023-04327-7","article-title":"The European guideline on management of major bleeding and coagulopathy following trauma: sixth edition","volume":"27","author":"Rossaint","year":"2023","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ienj.2025.101678_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-023-04386-w","article-title":"Shock index as predictor of massive transfusion and mortality in patients with trauma: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"27","author":"Carsetti","year":"2023","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ienj.2025.101678_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1186\/s12873-022-00770-x","article-title":"Prediction of pre-hospital blood transfusion in trauma patients based on scoring systems","volume":"23","author":"Plodr","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Emerg Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ienj.2025.101678_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/tsaco-2021-000712","article-title":"Prehospital shock index outperforms hypotension alone in predicting significant injury in trauma patients","volume":"6","author":"Kheirbek","year":"2021","journal-title":"Trauma Surg Acute Care Open"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ienj.2025.101678_b0085","first-page":"29","article-title":"Prehospital and hospital shock indices as predictors of massive blood transfusion during the initial treatment of polytrauma patients","volume":"33","author":"Pariente Juste","year":"2021","journal-title":"Emergencias"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ienj.2025.101678_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2019.01.056","article-title":"Pre-hospital modified shock index for prediction of massive transfusion and mortality in trauma patients","volume":"38","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Emerg Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ienj.2025.101678_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1080\/10903127.2024.2362921","article-title":"Prehospital shock index multiplied by the alert\/verbal\/painful\/unresponsive score as a predictor of clinical outcomes in traumatic injury","volume":"28","author":"Lin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Prehosp Emerg Care"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ienj.2025.101678_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2019.08.028","article-title":"Pre-hospital shock index correlates with transfusion, resource utilization and mortality; The role of patient first vitals","volume":"218","author":"Jehan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ienj.2025.101678_b0105","article-title":"Initial Prehospital Rapid Emergency Medicine Score (REMS) as a predictor of patient outcomes","volume":"1 \u201311","author":"Crowe","year":"2021","journal-title":"Prehosp Emerg Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ienj.2025.101678_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1186\/s12873-024-01063-1","article-title":"Unveiling the performance of the prehospital Rapid Emergency Medicine Score (pREMS): How the predictive score impacts in-hospital outcomes in traumatic brain injury (TBI): A retrospective observational cohort study","volume":"24","author":"Afshari","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Emerg Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ienj.2025.101678_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1007\/s11845-021-02696-y","article-title":"The role of emergency department triage early warning score (TREWS) and modified early warning score (MEWS) to predict in-hospital mortality in COVID-19 patients","volume":"191","author":"Aygun","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ir J Med Sci."}],"container-title":["International Emergency Nursing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1755599X25001090?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1755599X25001090?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]],"date-time":"2025-11-24T16:28:37Z","timestamp":1764001717000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1755599X25001090"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"references-count":23,"alternative-id":["S1755599X25001090"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ienj.2025.101678","relation":{},"ISSN":["1755-599X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1755-599X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"\u201cAre prehospital shock, modified shock, age-adjusted shock indices and some scoring systems effective in predicting the prognosis of high-energy trauma Patients?\u201d","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"International Emergency Nursing","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ienj.2025.101678","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"101678"}}