{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T14:20:26Z","timestamp":1775830826208,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,7,1]],"date-time":"2005-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1120176000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2005.04.013","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,21]],"date-time":"2005-06-21T17:38:07Z","timestamp":1119375487000},"page":"1-7","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["The role of antibiotics in chronic bacterial prostatitis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"F.M.E.","family":"Wagenlehner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"W.","family":"Weidner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"S\u00f6rgel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K.G.","family":"Naber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2005.04.013_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-8579(99)00046-1","article-title":"Prostatitis: US perspective","volume":"11","author":"Schaeffer","year":"1999","journal-title":"Int J Antimicrob Agents"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2005.04.013_bib2","unstructured":"Workshop Committee of the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK). Chronic Prostatitis Workshop; Bethesda, MD, USA; 7\u20138 Dec. 1995."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2005.04.013_bib3","series-title":"EAU guidelines on urinary and male genital tract infections","author":"Naber","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2005.04.013_bib4","first-page":"492","article-title":"Bacteriologic localization patterns in bacterial prostatitis and urethris","volume":"5","author":"Meares","year":"1968","journal-title":"Invest Urol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2005.04.013_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1939-4640.1996.tb01788.x","article-title":"Seminal fluid findings in men with nonbacterial prostatitis and prostatodynia","volume":"17","author":"Krieger","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Androl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2005.04.013_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.3109\/01485019108987640","article-title":"Semen parameters in men with and without proven chronic prostatitis","volume":"26","author":"Weidner","year":"1991","journal-title":"Arch Androl"},{"issue":"Suppl. 3","key":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2005.04.013_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01643680","article-title":"Chronic prostatitis: a thorough search for etiologically involved microorganisms in 1461 patients","volume":"19","author":"Weidner","year":"1991","journal-title":"Infection"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2005.04.013_bib8","series-title":"Infectious diseases","first-page":"1","article-title":"Prostatitis, epididymitis and orchitis","author":"Naber","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2005.04.013_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01643681","article-title":"Rat model of experimental bacterial prostatitis","volume":"19","author":"Nickel","year":"1991","journal-title":"Infection"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2005.04.013_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)61919-0","article-title":"Chronic bacterial prostatitis and the diffusion of drugs into the prostatic fluid","volume":"103","author":"Stamey","year":"1970","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2005.04.013_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01646071","article-title":"Interaction between antimicrobial agents and prostatic tissue extract and fluid","volume":"6","author":"Madsen","year":"1978","journal-title":"Infection"},{"issue":"Suppl.","key":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2005.04.013_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/128.Supplement_3.S686","article-title":"The concentration of trimethoprim in prostatic fluid: non-ionic diffusion or active transport?","volume":"129","author":"Stamey","year":"1973","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2005.04.013_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-4295(76)90339-3","article-title":"Prostatic tissue and fluid concentrations of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole. Experimental and clinical studies","volume":"8","author":"Madsen","year":"1976","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2005.04.013_bib14","series-title":"Therapy of prostatitis. Experimental and clinical data","first-page":"50","article-title":"The influence of various body fluids and pH on E. coli MIC of quinolone derivatives","author":"Gasser","year":"1986"},{"issue":"Suppl. 20","key":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2005.04.013_bib15","first-page":"25","article-title":"Pharmakokinetik der Chinolone","volume":"11","author":"S\u00f6rgel","year":"2002","journal-title":"Chemother J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2005.04.013_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01739308","article-title":"Penetration of ofloxacin into prostatic fluid, ejaculate and seminal fluid","volume":"21","author":"Naber","year":"1993","journal-title":"Infection"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2005.04.013_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1718","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)35877-9","article-title":"Penetration of ciprofloxacin into prostatic fluid, ejaculate and seminal fluid in volunteers after an oral dose of 750mg","volume":"150","author":"Naber","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2005.04.013_bib18","series-title":"Quinolone antimicrobial agents","first-page":"285","article-title":"Role of quinolones in treatment of chronic bacterial prostatitis","author":"Naber","year":"1993"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2005.04.013_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.45.1.293-297.2001","article-title":"Concentrations of gatifloxacin in plasma and urine and penetration into prostatic and seminal fluid, ejaculate, and sperm cells after single oral administration of 400 milligrams to volunteers","volume":"45","author":"Naber","year":"2001","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2005.04.013_bib20","series-title":"Macrolides. Chemistry, pharmacology and clinical uses","first-page":"421","article-title":"Physiological disposition of macrolides","author":"S\u00f6rgel","year":"1993"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2005.04.013_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/S0094-0143(21)01055-7","article-title":"Prostatitis. A review","volume":"2","author":"Meares","year":"1975","journal-title":"Urol Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2005.04.013_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)57333-4","article-title":"The pH of prostatic fluid: a reappraisal and therapeutic implication","volume":"120","author":"Fair","year":"1978","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2005.04.013_bib23","first-page":"137","article-title":"Physical and chemical determinations of prostatic secretion in benign hyperplasia, prostatitis and adenocarcinoma","volume":"14","author":"Anderson","year":"1976","journal-title":"Invest Urol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2005.04.013_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.1974.tb03853.x","article-title":"The response of fluid pH in inflammation","volume":"46","author":"Blacklock","year":"1978","journal-title":"Br J Urol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2005.04.013_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)57497-2","article-title":"The pH of the prostatic fluid in health and disease: implications of treatment in chronic bacterial prostatitis","volume":"119","author":"Pfau","year":"1978","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2005.04.013_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-198700341-00011","article-title":"In vitro activity and concentrations in serum, urine, prostatic secretion and adenoma tissue of ofloxacin in urological patients","volume":"34","author":"Naber","year":"1987","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2005.04.013_bib27","unstructured":"Naber KG, S\u00f6rgel F, Kees F, Schumacher H, Metz R, Grobecker H, Norfloxacin concentration in prostatic adenoma tissue (patients) and in prostatic fluid in patients and volunteers. In: Proceedings of the 15th International Congress of Chemotherapy; Landsberg, Germany. Ecomed 1987;1956\u20138."},{"issue":"Suppl. D","key":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2005.04.013_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/22.Supplement_D.199","article-title":"In vitro activity of fleroxacin against isolates causing complicated urinary tract infections and concentrations in seminal and prostatic fluid and in prostatic adenoma tissue","volume":"21","author":"Naber","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2005.04.013_bib29","series-title":"Fortschritte Antimicrobieller Antineoplastischer Chemotherapie FAC 8-1","first-page":"75","article-title":"Pharmakokinetik von Ciprofloxacin bei Probanden und \u00e4lteren Patienten und Konzentrationen im Prostatasekret, Ejakulat und im Prostataadenomgewebe nach intraven\u00f6ser Gabe","author":"Naber","year":"1989"},{"issue":"Suppl. 5A","key":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2005.04.013_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(89)90023-5","article-title":"Brief report: pharmacokinetics of ciprofloxacin in young (healthy) volunteers and elderly patients, and concentrations in prostatic fluid, seminal fluid and prostatic adenoma tissue following intravenous administration","volume":"87","author":"Naber","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2005.04.013_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01643634","article-title":"Enoxacin-Konzentrationen in der Samenfl\u00fcssigkeit, im Prostatasekret und im Prostatadenomgewebe nach oraler Gabe oder intraven\u00f6ser Infusion","volume":"17","author":"Naber","year":"1989","journal-title":"Infection"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2005.04.013_bib32","unstructured":"Naber KG, S\u00f6rgel F, Sigl G, Schumacher H, Metz R. Lomefloxacin: penetration into prostatic and seminal fluid in volunteers. In: Proceedings of the 3rd International Symposium on new quinoles. 1990 [Abstract 248]."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2005.04.013_bib33","series-title":"Textbook of prostatitis","first-page":"83","article-title":"Antibiotics: basic concepts","author":"Naber","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2005.04.013_bib34","unstructured":"Bulitta J, Kinzig-Schippers M, Naber CK, et al. Limitations in the use of drug cocktails (DC) to compare the pharmacokinetics (PK) of drugs: ciprofloxacin (CIP) vs. levofloxacin (LEV). Proceedings of the 40th Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy (ICAAC); Toronto, Canada; 17\u201320 Sept 2000 [Poster #506]."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2005.04.013_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1464-410X.1997.00146.x","article-title":"A comparative study of the distribution of ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin in prostatic tissue after simultaneous oral ingestion","volume":"79","author":"Png","year":"1997","journal-title":"Br J Urol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2005.04.013_bib36","series-title":"Proceedings of the 20th International Congress of Chemotherapy","article-title":"Simultaneous determination of levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin concentrations in serum and prostatic tissue","author":"Park","year":"1997"},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2005.04.013_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01716050","article-title":"Proposed study design in prostatitis","volume":"22","author":"Naber","year":"1994","journal-title":"Infection"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2005.04.013_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"690","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)39556-3","article-title":"The efficacy of norfloxacin in the treatment of chronic bacterial prostatitis refractory to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and\/or carbenicillin","volume":"144","author":"Schaeffer","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2005.04.013_bib39","unstructured":"Petrikkos G, Peppas T, Giamarellou H, Poulios K, Zouboulis P, Sfikakis P. Four year experience with norfloxacin in the treatment of chronic bacterial prostatitis. In: Proceedings of the 17th International Congress of Chemotherapy; 1991 [Abstract 1302]."},{"issue":"Suppl. 4A","key":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2005.04.013_bib40","first-page":"469","article-title":"Clinical efficacy of ofloxacin (Tarivid) in patients with chronic bacterial prostatitis: preliminary results","volume":"1","author":"Pust","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Chemother"},{"issue":"Suppl. 4A","key":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2005.04.013_bib41","first-page":"280","article-title":"Treatment of chronic bacterial prostatitis with ciprofloxacin. Results of a one-year follow-up study","volume":"82","author":"Weidner","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2005.04.013_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)37791-1","article-title":"Refractory chronic bacterial prostatitis: a re-evaluation of ciprofloxacin treatment after a median follow-up of 30 months","volume":"146","author":"Weidner","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2005.04.013_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2008-1061486","article-title":"Therapie der unteren Harnwegsinfektionen beim Mann unter besonderer Ber\u00fccksichtigung der chronischen bakteriellen Prostatitis","volume":"18","author":"Pfau","year":"1987","journal-title":"Akt Urol"},{"issue":"Suppl. 3","key":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2005.04.013_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01643689","article-title":"The treatment of chronic bacterial prostatitis","volume":"19","author":"Pfau","year":"1991","journal-title":"Infection"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2005.04.013_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-8579(99)00142-9","article-title":"Ciprofloxacin in the treatment of chronic bacterial prostatitis: a prospective, non-comparative multicentre clinical trial with long-term follow-up","volume":"14","author":"Naber","year":"2000","journal-title":"Int J Antimicrob Agents"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2005.04.013_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-8579(02)00067-5","article-title":"Lomefloxacin versus ciprofloxacin in the treatment of chronic bacterial prostatitis","volume":"20","author":"Naber","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int J Antimicrob Agents"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2005.04.013_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)68562-X","article-title":"National Institutes of Health Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index: development and validation of new outcome measure","volume":"162","author":"Litwin","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2005.04.013_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-4295(03)00565-X","article-title":"Levofloxacin versus ciprofloxacin in the treatment of chronic bacterial prostatitis: a randomized double-blind multicenter study","volume":"62","author":"Bundrick","year":"2003","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2005.04.013_bib49","series-title":"Textbook of prostatitis","first-page":"285","article-title":"Antibiotic treatment of chronic bacterial prostatitis","author":"Naber KG","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2005.04.013_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1159\/000019784","article-title":"The role of antibiotics in the treatment of chronic prostatitis: a consensus statement","volume":"34","author":"Bjerklund Johansen","year":"1998","journal-title":"Eur Urol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2005.04.013_bib51","first-page":"347","article-title":"Transurethral ultrasonography directed intraprostatic injection of gentamycin\u2013xylocaine in the management of the benign painful prostate syndrome. A report of a 5 year clinical study of 75 patients","volume":"83","author":"Mayersak","year":"1998","journal-title":"Int Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2005.04.013_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)42733-9","article-title":"Treatment of chronic prostatitis: intraprostatic injection under echography control","volume":"139","author":"Jimenez Cruz","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2005.04.013_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1221","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)67145-5","article-title":"Bacterial DNA sequences in prostate tissue from patients with prostate cancer and chronic prostatitis","volume":"164","author":"Krieger","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2005.04.013_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-4295(93)90584-W","article-title":"Diagnosis and treatment of 409 patients with prostatitis syndromes","volume":"41","author":"De la Rosette","year":"1993","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2005.04.013_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1159\/000282530","article-title":"Antimicrobial treatment for chronic prostatitis as a means of defining the role of Ureaplasma urealyticum","volume":"51","author":"Ohkawa","year":"1993","journal-title":"Urol Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2005.04.013_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-4295(76)90339-3","article-title":"Prostatic tissue and fluid concentration of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole","volume":"8","author":"Madsen","year":"1976","journal-title":"Urology"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0924857905001408?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0924857905001408?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,27]],"date-time":"2024-01-27T02:54:11Z","timestamp":1706324051000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0924857905001408"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,7]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S0924857905001408"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2005.04.013","relation":{},"ISSN":["0924-8579"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0924-8579","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,7]]}}}