{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T17:49:47Z","timestamp":1789926587352,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,1]],"date-time":"2017-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1496275200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81370564"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81370564"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Biological Macromolecules"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2017.02.074","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,24]],"date-time":"2017-02-24T07:19:39Z","timestamp":1487920779000},"page":"282-292","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":91,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Apple Polysaccharide inhibits microbial dysbiosis and chronic inflammation and modulates gut permeability in HFD-fed rats"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"99","author":[{"given":"Sheng","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qian","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Zang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yifei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaotao","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qibing","family":"Mei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2017.02.074_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517S","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/78.3.517S","volume":"78","author":"Liu","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2017.02.074_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2891-3-5","volume":"3","author":"Boyer","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nutr. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2017.02.074_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nutres.2013.06.004","volume":"33","author":"Zhang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nutr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2017.02.074_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-011-0194-3","volume":"51","author":"Li","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur. J. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2017.02.074_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2013.06.048","volume":"61","author":"Li","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2017.02.074_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16079","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v20.i43.16079","volume":"20","author":"Festi","year":"2014","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2017.02.074_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1258","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2012.01.035","volume":"148","author":"Clemente","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2017.02.074_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"C.L. Wagner, S.N. Taylor, D. Johnson, Clin. Rev. Allergy Immunol, 34 (2008) 191\u2013204.","DOI":"10.1007\/s12016-007-8032-3"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2017.02.074_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2117","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0712038105","volume":"105","author":"Li","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2017.02.074_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-381300-8.00008-3","volume":"107","author":"Chow","year":"2010","journal-title":"Adv. Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2017.02.074_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00045.2009","volume":"90","author":"Sekirov","year":"2010","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2017.02.074_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1907","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djt300","volume":"105","author":"Ahn","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Natl. Cancer Inst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2017.02.074_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd2505","volume":"7","author":"Jia","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. | Drug Discov."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2017.02.074_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro1817","volume":"6","author":"Flint","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2017.02.074_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1095","DOI":"10.3390\/nu4081095","volume":"4","author":"Brown","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2017.02.074_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"689492","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/689492","volume":"2014","author":"Ferreira","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Immunol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2017.02.074_bib0085","unstructured":"Stephen J.D., O\u2019keefe, Curr. Opin. Gastroenterol, 24 (2008) 51\u201358."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2017.02.074_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2036.1998.00337.x","volume":"12","author":"Cook","year":"1998","journal-title":"Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2017.02.074_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S. Rakoff-Nahoum, R. Medzhitov, Mucosal Immunol., Suppl 1 (2008) S10\u2013S14.","DOI":"10.1038\/mi.2008.49"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2017.02.074_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"688","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.embor.7400731","volume":"7","author":"O\u2019Hara","year":"2006","journal-title":"EMBO Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2017.02.074_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-immunol-031210-101322","volume":"29","author":"Gregor","year":"2011","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2017.02.074_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.3109\/1040841X.2013.837863","volume":"41","author":"Kerr","year":"2014","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2017.02.074_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1002\/emmm.201100159","volume":"3","author":"Amar","year":"2011","journal-title":"EMBO Mol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2017.02.074_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1007\/s11894-010-0131-2","volume":"12","author":"Kim","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr. Gastroenterol. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2017.02.074_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"G. Theodoropoulos, K. Carraway, J. Cell Biochem., 102 (2007) 1103\u20131116.","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.21539"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2017.02.074_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4709","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.181.7.4709","volume":"181","author":"Nair","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2017.02.074_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2006.04.039","volume":"118","author":"Hogan","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2017.02.074_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2947","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20091268","volume":"206","author":"Herbert","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2017.02.074_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"H. Ushio, T. Ueno, Y. Kojima, M. Komatsu, S. Tanaka, A. Yamamoto, Y. Ichimura, J. Ezaki, K. Nishida, S. Komazawa-Sakon, F. Niyonsaba, T. Ishii, T. Yanagawa, E. Kominami, H. Ogawa, K. Okumura, H. Nakano, J. Allergy Clin. Immunol., 127 (2011) 1267\u20131276.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2010.12.1078"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2017.02.074_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"966","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2011.08.016","volume":"21","author":"DeSelm","year":"2011","journal-title":"Dev. Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2017.02.074_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4084","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.64.10.4084-4088.1998","volume":"64","author":"Apajalahti","year":"1998","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2017.02.074_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e65465","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0065465","volume":"8","author":"Queipo-Ortuno","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2017.02.074_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e42529","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0042529","volume":"7","author":"Zhang","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2017.02.074_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e47713","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0047713","volume":"7","author":"Kim","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2017.02.074_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R1013","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.2001.281.3.R1013","volume":"281","author":"Wang","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2017.02.074_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1877","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2007.02.048","volume":"132","author":"Garg","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2017.02.074_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.0000163635.62927.34","volume":"96","author":"Berg","year":"2005","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2017.02.074_bib0190","first-page":"02015","author":"Wells","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2017.02.074_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1045","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2014.01.026","volume":"156","author":"Wlodarska","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2017.02.074_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M.A. Awad\uff0cA.D. Jager\uff0cL.H.W.V.D. Plas\uff0cA.R.V.D. Krol, Scientia Hort, 90 (2001) 69\u201383.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-4238(00)00255-7"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2017.02.074_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1136\/pmj.78.918.216","volume":"78","author":"Wilson","year":"2002","journal-title":"Postgrad. Med. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2017.02.074_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gendis.2014.08.001","volume":"1","author":"Sun","year":"2014","journal-title":"Genes & Diseases"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2017.02.074_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13398","volume":"514","author":"Schulz","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2017.02.074_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2008.02.015","volume":"3","author":"Turnbaugh","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2017.02.074_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e12191","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0012191","volume":"5","author":"Ding","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2017.02.074_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1711","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2009.08.042","volume":"137","author":"Hildebrandt","year":"2009","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2017.02.074_bib0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"966","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2011.08.016","volume":"21","author":"DeSelm","year":"2011","journal-title":"Dev. Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2017.02.074_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07416","volume":"456","author":"Cadwell","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nature"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Biological Macromolecules"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0141813016314842?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0141813016314842?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,3]],"date-time":"2020-10-03T01:09:56Z","timestamp":1601687396000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0141813016314842"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,6]]},"references-count":48,"alternative-id":["S0141813016314842"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2017.02.074","relation":{},"ISSN":["0141-8130"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0141-8130","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Apple Polysaccharide inhibits microbial dysbiosis and chronic inflammation and modulates gut permeability in HFD-fed rats","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"International Journal of Biological Macromolecules","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2017.02.074","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}