{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T21:10:54Z","timestamp":1793913054465,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,1]],"date-time":"2019-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1554076800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,1]],"date-time":"2019-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1554076800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81460066"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81460066"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Biological Macromolecules"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.207","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,23]],"date-time":"2018-12-23T11:37:02Z","timestamp":1545565022000},"page":"179-186","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":119,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Astragalus polysaccharide from Astragalus Melittin ameliorates inflammation via suppressing the activation of TLR-4\/NF-\u03baB p65 signal pathway and protects mice from CVB3-induced virus myocarditis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"126","author":[{"given":"Tianlong","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingjie","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haiyan","family":"Niu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ma","family":"Ruilian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yunfeng","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhibin","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianjun","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaolei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.207_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.112.267443","article-title":"MicroRNA profiling identifies microRNA-155 as an adverse mediator of cardiac injury and dysfunction during acute viral myocarditis","volume":"111","author":"Corsten","year":"2012","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.207_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2909","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehv321","article-title":"The microRNA-221\/\u2212222 cluster balances the antiviral and inflammatory response in viral myocarditis","volume":"36","author":"Corsten","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.207_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1542","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.002275","article-title":"Innate immune interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 exacerbates viral myocarditis by reducing CCR5(+) CD11b(+) monocyte migration and impairing interferon production","volume":"128","author":"Valaperti","year":"2013","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.207_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199508033330501","article-title":"A clinical trial of immunosuppressive therapy for myocarditis. The myocarditis treatment trial investigators","volume":"333","author":"Mason","year":"1995","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.207_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2017.00025","article-title":"Right cervical vagotomy aggravates viral myocarditis in mice via the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway","volume":"8","author":"Li-Sha","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.207_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1526","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra0800028","article-title":"Myocarditis","volume":"360","author":"Cooper","year":"2009","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.207_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2952","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2017.04.041","article-title":"Traditional Chinese medicine for cardiovascular disease: evidence and potential mechanisms","volume":"69","author":"Hao","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.207_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2016.02.004","article-title":"Effect of Liuwei Dihuang decoction, a traditional Chinese medicinal prescription, on the neuroendocrine immunomodulation network","volume":"162","author":"Zhou","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.207_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2016.142","article-title":"Anti-obesogenic and antidiabetic effects of plants and mushrooms","volume":"13","author":"Martel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.207_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1293","DOI":"10.1038\/cddis.2014.250","article-title":"Identification of a natural product-like STAT3 dimerization inhibitor by structure-based virtual screening","volume":"5","author":"Liu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.207_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.1039\/C6SC04175B","article-title":"Luminescent chemosensors by using cyclometalated iridium(iii) complexes and their applications","volume":"8","author":"Ma","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chem. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.207_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7710","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.8b00683","article-title":"Discovery of 3-Benzyl-1-(trans-4-((5-cyanopyridin-2-yl)amino)cyclohexyl)-1-arylurea derivatives as novel and selective cyclin-dependent kinase 12 (CDK12) inhibitors","volume":"61","author":"Ito","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.207_bb0065","first-page":"72","volume":"8","year":"2003","journal-title":"Altern. Med. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.207_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2007.12.036","article-title":"Chemical comparison and classification of Radix Astragali by determination of isoflavonoids and astragalosides","volume":"47","author":"Song","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.207_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.4314\/ajtcam.v8i2.63195","article-title":"Insights into the monomers and single drugs of Chinese herbal medicine on myocardial preservation","volume":"8","author":"Yuan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Afr. J. Tradit. Complement. Altern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.207_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1287","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-200969100-00001","article-title":"Viral myocarditis: diagnosis, aetiology and management","volume":"69","author":"Kuhl","year":"2009","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.207_bb0085","first-page":"95","article-title":"Myocarditis and inflammatory cardiomyopathy--current treatment options","volume":"141","author":"Tschope","year":"2016","journal-title":"Dtsch. Med. Wochenschr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.207_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2168","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehq467","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cells improve murine acute coxsackievirus B3-induced myocarditis","volume":"32","author":"Van Linthout","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.207_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2015.02.040","article-title":"Effect of Astragalus polysaccharide and its sulfated derivative on growth performance and immune condition of lipopolysaccharide-treated broilers","volume":"76","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.207_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2017.02.024","article-title":"Astragalus polysaccharides protect against dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis by inhibiting NF-kappacapital VE, cyrillic activation","volume":"98","author":"Lv","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.207_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-017-01169-0","article-title":"Dynamic regulation of canonical TGFbeta signalling by endothelial transcription factor ERG protects from liver fibrogenesis","volume":"8","author":"Dufton","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.207_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejheart.2003.10.007","article-title":"Suppression of cytokines and nitric oxide production, and protection against lethal endotoxemia and viral myocarditis by a new NF-kappaB inhibitor","volume":"6","author":"Matsumori","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur. J. Heart Fail."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.207_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"850","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.12459","article-title":"Remission of CVB3-induced myocarditis with Astragaloside IV treatment requires A20 (TNFAIP3) up-regulation","volume":"19","author":"Gui","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Cell. Mol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.207_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ra69","DOI":"10.1126\/scisignal.aaa5208","article-title":"Distinct single-cell signaling characteristics are conferred by the MyD88 and TRIF pathways during TLR4 activation","volume":"8","author":"Cheng","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci. Signal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.207_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1519","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI59743","article-title":"An NF-kappaB pathway-mediated positive feedback loop amplifies Ras activity to pathological levels in mice","volume":"122","author":"Daniluk","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.207_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1007\/s00430-003-0189-7","article-title":"Dystrophin disruption in enterovirus-induced myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy: from bench to bedside","volume":"193","author":"Badorff","year":"2004","journal-title":"Med. Microbiol. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.207_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.110.226936","article-title":"The emerging role of innate immunity in the heart and vascular system: for whom the cell tolls","volume":"108","author":"Mann","year":"2011","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.207_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2011.07.011","article-title":"Interactions between the extracellular matrix and inflammation during viral myocarditis","volume":"217","author":"Papageorgiou","year":"2012","journal-title":"Immunobiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.207_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2276","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.536433","article-title":"Myeloid differentiation factor-88 plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of Coxsackievirus B3-induced myocarditis and influences type I interferon production","volume":"112","author":"Fuse","year":"2005","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.207_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2008.10.064","article-title":"Cardiac deletion of the Coxsackievirus-adenovirus receptor abolishes Coxsackievirus B3 infection and prevents myocarditis in vivo","volume":"53","author":"Shi","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.207_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.pathmechdis.3.121806.151534","article-title":"Molecular biology and pathogenesis of viral myocarditis","volume":"3","author":"Esfandiarei","year":"2008","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.207_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2016.03.006","article-title":"Emerging pharmacologic targets and treatments for myocarditis","volume":"161","author":"Jensen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.207_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.01.013","article-title":"Oxymatrine provides protection against Coxsackievirus B3-induced myocarditis in BALB\/c mice","volume":"141","author":"Jiang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Antivir. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.207_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1737","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2013.05.076","article-title":"Protease-activated receptor-2 regulates the innate immune response to viral infection in a coxsackievirus B3-induced myocarditis","volume":"62","author":"Weithauser","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.207_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.107.170225","article-title":"Toll-like receptor signaling: defensive or offensive for the heart?","volume":"102","author":"Hori","year":"2008","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.207_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvu067","article-title":"Central blockade of TLR4 improves cardiac function and attenuates myocardial inflammation in angiotensin II-induced hypertension","volume":"103","author":"Dange","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.207_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2579","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2018.04.022","article-title":"NF-kappaB-mediated metabolic remodelling in the inflamed heart in acute viral myocarditis","volume":"1864","author":"Remels","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta Mol. basis Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.207_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1038\/cr.2013.162","article-title":"RACK1 modulates NF-kappaB activation by interfering with the interaction between TRAF2 and the IKK complex","volume":"24","author":"Yao","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.207_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardiores.2005.02.007","article-title":"Blockade of NF-kappaB improves cardiac function and survival without affecting inflammation in TNF-alpha-induced cardiomyopathy","volume":"66","author":"Kawamura","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.207_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1386","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.802918","article-title":"Divergent tumor necrosis factor receptor-related remodeling responses in heart failure: role of nuclear factor-kappaB and inflammatory activation","volume":"119","author":"Hamid","year":"2009","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.207_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2018.06.031","article-title":"Astragalus root dry extract restores connexin43 expression by targeting miR-1 in viral myocarditis","volume":"46","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.207_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1312","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2014.07.154","article-title":"Astragali Radix protects myocardium from ischemia injury by modulating energy metabolism","volume":"176","author":"Jin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.207_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9573291","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/9573291","article-title":"Effects of Astragalus polysaccharides on dysfunction of mitochondrial dynamics induced by oxidative stress","volume":"2016","author":"Huang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oxidative Med. Cell. Longev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.207_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2017.03.005","article-title":"Effects and mechanisms of compound Chinese medicine and major ingredients on microcirculatory dysfunction and organ injury induced by ischemia\/reperfusion","volume":"177","author":"Han","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Ther."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Biological Macromolecules"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0141813018355417?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0141813018355417?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]],"date-time":"2025-09-26T07:21:14Z","timestamp":1758871274000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0141813018355417"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]},"references-count":44,"alternative-id":["S0141813018355417"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.207","relation":{},"ISSN":["0141-8130"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0141-8130","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Astragalus polysaccharide from Astragalus Melittin ameliorates inflammation via suppressing the activation of TLR-4\/NF-\u03baB p65 signal pathway and protects mice from CVB3-induced virus myocarditis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"International Journal of Biological Macromolecules","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.207","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2018 Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}