{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,14]],"date-time":"2026-11-14T09:26:26Z","timestamp":1794648386654,"version":"4.9.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005230","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing Municipality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CSTB2023NSCQ-MSX0543"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CSTB2023NSCQ-MSX0543"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005230","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012669","name":"Natural Science Foundation Project of Chongqing","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012669","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007957","name":"Chongqing Municipal Education Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KJQN202202813"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KJQN202202813"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007957","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Biological Macromolecules"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.140381","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,28]],"date-time":"2025-01-28T04:36:46Z","timestamp":1738039006000},"page":"140381","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Anti-hypercholesterolemic effects of small-molecule pectin from Premna ligustroides Hemsl leaves: Modulation of inflammatory markers and gut microbiota in mice"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"301","author":[{"given":"Liling","family":"Deng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geng","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heng","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"#cr-split#-10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.140381_bb0005.1","unstructured":"M. Fran\u00e7ois, B. Colin, A.L. Catapano, K.C. Koskinas, C. Manuela, B. Lina, C.M. John, B.G.G De, D. Vivtoria, B.A. Ference, 2019 ESC\/EAS Guidelines for the management of dyslipidaemias: lipid modification to reduce cardiovascular risk, Eur Heart J. 41"},{"key":"#cr-split#-10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.140381_bb0005.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"(1) (2020) 111-88, doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehz455.","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehz455"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.140381_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1186\/s12944-019-1171-8","article-title":"Mechanisms underlying direct actions of hyperlipidemia on myocardium: an updated review","volume":"19","author":"Yao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lipids Health Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.140381_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1262","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1223813","article-title":"Host-gut microbiota metabolic interactions","volume":"336","author":"Nicholson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.140381_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mam.2017.01.006","article-title":"Bile acids and their receptors","volume":"56","author":"Martinot","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol. Asp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.140381_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plipres.2021.101094","article-title":"Bile acids and their receptors in metabolic disorders","volume":"82","author":"Fiorucci","year":"2021","journal-title":"Prog. Lipid Res."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.140381_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3026","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21083026","article-title":"The anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of sodium propionate","volume":"21","author":"Filippone","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.140381_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13700","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.4c01598","article-title":"Tomato pectin ameliorated hepatic steatosis in high-fat-diet mice by modulating gut microbiota and bile acid metabolism","volume":"72","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.140381_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2100","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noad145","article-title":"Targeting cholesterol homeostasis through inhibiting SREBP-2: an Achilles\u2019 heel for glioblastoma","volume":"25","author":"Sun","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neuro-Oncology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.140381_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J. Zhan, Y.R. Liang, D.H. Liu, X.R. Ma, P.Z. Li, W.J. Zhai, Z.Q. Zhou, P. Wang, Pectin reduces environmental pollutant-induced obesity in mice through regulating gut microbiota: A case study of p,p\u2019-DDE, Environ. Int. 130 (2019) 104861. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envint.2019.05.055.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2019.05.055"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.140381_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodhyd.2015.03.030","article-title":"Novel pectin present in new olive mill wastewater with similar emulsifying and better biological properties than citrus pectin","volume":"50","author":"Rubio-Senent","year":"2015","journal-title":"Food Hydrocoll."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.140381_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1016\/S0955-2863(03)00080-9","article-title":"Intestinal steroids in rats are influenced by the structural parameters of pectin","volume":"15","author":"Dongowski","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Nutr. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.140381_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2019.08.074","article-title":"Characterizations of a pectin extracted from Premna microphylla turcz and its cold gelation with whey protein concentrate at different pHs","volume":"139","author":"Pan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.140381_bb0065","first-page":"108","article-title":"Optimization of continuous and intermittent microwave extraction of pectin from banana peels","volume":"220","author":"Swamy","year":"2017","journal-title":"Foods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.140381_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2019.03.056","article-title":"Extraction and characterization of pectin from Premna microphylla Turcz leaves","volume":"131","author":"Lu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.140381_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"X. Li, Z.L. Wei, X.Y. Wang, F.X. Duan, L.D. Xiong, J.W. Li, J. Tian, L.R. Jia, H. Gao, Premna microphylla Turcz leaf pectin exhibited antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages, Food Chem. 349 (2021) 129164, doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.foodchem.2021.129164.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2021.129164"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.140381_bb0080","first-page":"55","article-title":"Structure, physicochemical properties, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of pectin prepared by enzymatic hydrolysis of Premna ligustroides hemsl. Leaves, food","volume":"44","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.140381_bb0085","series-title":"Process Optimization, Structural Analysis and its Mediation of Chronic Prostatitis in the Complex Enzyme-Assisted Extraction of Pectin from Premna Ligustroides Hemsl","author":"Liu","year":"2023"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.140381_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5880","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22115880","article-title":"PCSK9 biology and its role in atherothrombosis","volume":"22","author":"Barale","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.140381_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1186\/s41232-019-0101-5","article-title":"The role of interleukin-1 in general pathology","volume":"39","author":"Kaneko","year":"2019","journal-title":"Inflamm Regen."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.140381_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11735","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.0c04780","article-title":"Highland barley whole grain (Hordeum vulgare L.) ameliorates hyperlipidemia by modulating cecal microbiota, miRNAs, and AMPK pathways in leptin receptor-deficient db\/db mice","volume":"68","author":"Deng","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.140381_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/jfbc.13371","article-title":"Biochemical and histopathological assessment of liver in a rat model of metabolic syndrome induced by high-carbohydrate high-fat diet","volume":"44","author":"Wong","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Food Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.140381_bb0110","first-page":"201","article-title":"In vivo antioxidant activity and hypolipidemic effect of capsanthin and capsaicin, food","volume":"42","author":"Fan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.140381_bb0115","series-title":"Hypolipidemic Effects of eucommia ulmoides Oliver Pollen in a High-Fat Diet-Induced Rat Model of Hyperlipidemia, Henan University","author":"Chen","year":"2020"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.140381_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/19490976.2020.1832857","article-title":"Spermidine improves gut barrier integrity and gut microbiota function in diet-induced obese mice","volume":"12","author":"Ma","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gut Microbes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.140381_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2023.132057","article-title":"Adverse effect of oxidized cholesterol exposure on colitis is mediated by modulation of gut microbiota","volume":"459","author":"Yan","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.140381_bb0130","first-page":"23","article-title":"Changes in diversity of intestinal butyrate-producingbacteria during treatment with shenling baizhusan and lizhongtang in aminal model of AAD","volume":"27","author":"Mao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chin. J. Exp. Tradit. Med. Formulae"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.140381_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2481","DOI":"10.3390\/foods11162481","article-title":"Dietary supplementation with sea buckthorn berry puree alters plasma metabolomic profile and gut microbiota composition in hypercholesterolemia population","volume":"11","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Foods"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.140381_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5932","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.8005","article-title":"Ethanol extract of Pueraria lobata improve acute myocardial infarction in rats via regulating gut microbiota and bile acid metabolism","volume":"37","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Phytother. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.140381_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiotec.2017.09.007","article-title":"Lactobacillus fermentum FTDC 8312 combats hypercholesterolemia via alteration of gut microbiota","volume":"262","author":"Lye","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.140381_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2021.153772","article-title":"Red ginseng has stronger anti-aging effects compared to ginseng possibly due to its regulation of oxidative stress and the gut microbiota","volume":"93","author":"Peng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.140381_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"B. Rimal, S. L. Collins, C. E. Tanes, E. R. Rocha, Me. A. Granda, S. Solanki, N.J. Hoque, E.C. Gentry, I. Koo, E.R. Reilly, F.H. Hao, D. Paudel, V. Singh, T.T. Yan, M.S. Kim, K. Bittinger, J.P. Zackular, K.W. Krausz, D. Desai, S.T. Amin, J. P. Coleman, Y.M. Shah, J.E. Bisanz, F.J. Gonzalez, J.P. Vanden Heuvel, G.D. Wu, B.S. Zemel, P.C. Dorrestein, E.E. Weinert, A.D. Patterson, Bile salt hydrolase catalyses formation of amine-conjugated bile acids, Nature. 626 (2024) 85, doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41586-023-06990-w.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-023-06990-w"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.140381_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-024-01014-8","article-title":"Short-chain fatty acids: linking diet, the microbiome and immunity","volume":"24","author":"Mann","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.140381_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.3390\/nu10060761","article-title":"High-glucose or -fructose diet cause changes of the gut microbiota and metabolic disorders in mice without body weight change","volume":"10","author":"Do","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.140381_bb0170","article-title":"Improvements to postprandial glucose control in subjects with type 2 diabetes: a multicenter, double blind, randomized placebo-controlled trial of a novel probiotic formulation","volume":"8","author":"Perraudeau","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMJ Open Diab Res Ca."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.140381_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2682747","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/2682748","article-title":"Role of gut microbiota in the pharmacological effects of natural products","volume":"2019","author":"Pan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Evid. Based Complement. Alternat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.140381_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"858","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2022.03.106","article-title":"Gut microbiota plays a predominant role in affecting hypolipidemic effect of Deacetylated Konjac Glucomannan (Da-KGM)","volume":"208","author":"Zou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.140381_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13010152","article-title":"The combined effects of magnesium oxide and inulin on intestinal microbiota and cecal short-chain fatty acids","volume":"13","author":"Omori","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.140381_bb0190","first-page":"562","article-title":"Progress in research of intestinal microbiota related short chain fatty acids","volume":"30","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.140381_bb0195","article-title":"Association of plasma propionate concentration with coronary artery disease in a large cross-sectional study","volume":"1","author":"Pagonas","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Cardiovasc Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.140381_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1007\/s12602-021-09859-4","article-title":"Lactobacillus johnsonii BFE6154 ameliorates diet-induced hypercholesterolemia","volume":"15","author":"Yoon","year":"2023","journal-title":"Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.140381_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6469","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-42179-5","article-title":"Bile acids-mediated intracellular cholesterol transport promotes intestinal cholesterol absorption and NPC1L1 recycling","volume":"14","author":"Xiao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.140381_bb0210","article-title":"Carob fruit extract-enriched meat, as preventive and curative treatments, improves gut microbiota and colonic barrier integrity in a late-stage T2DM model","volume":"141","author":"Adri\u00e1n","year":"2021","journal-title":"Food Res. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.140381_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2023.125695","article-title":"Effects of konjac glucomannan on physicochemical and rheological properties of whole egg liquid and in vitro fermentation of egg curd","volume":"246","author":"Deng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.140381_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehab644","article-title":"Propionate attenuates atherosclerosis by immune-dependent regulation of intestinal cholesterol metabolism","volume":"43","author":"Haghikia","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.140381_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1038\/s41564-023-01570-0","article-title":"Gut commensal Christensenella minuta modulates host metabolism via acylated secondary bile acids","volume":"9","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Microbiol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.140381_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"948","DOI":"10.1124\/pr.113.008201","article-title":"Bile acid signaling in metabolic disease and drug therapy","volume":"66","author":"Li","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Rev."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.140381_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.21037\/hbsn.2019.09.03","article-title":"Bile acid-based therapies for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and alcoholic liver disease","volume":"9","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hepatobiliary surg nutr."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Biological Macromolecules"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0141813025009304?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0141813025009304?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T09:48:30Z","timestamp":1782899310000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0141813025009304"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"references-count":48,"alternative-id":["S0141813025009304"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.140381","relation":{},"ISSN":["0141-8130"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0141-8130","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Anti-hypercholesterolemic effects of small-molecule pectin from Premna ligustroides Hemsl leaves: Modulation of inflammatory markers and gut microbiota in mice","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"International Journal of Biological Macromolecules","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.140381","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"140381"}}