{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,6]],"date-time":"2026-11-06T06:00:44Z","timestamp":1793944844478,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":97,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100031032","name":"Fatih Sultan Mehmet Vak\u0131f \u00dcniversitesi","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100031032","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Biological Macromolecules"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]],"date-time":"2025-06-19T19:06:16Z","timestamp":1750359976000},"page":"145388","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"special_numbering":"P1","title":["MXene-modified PMMA\/chitosan composite e-skin scaffold: Bioelectronic and antibacterial assessment"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"319","author":[{"given":"Berfin","family":"G\u00fcrb\u00fcz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatih","family":"Ciftci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali Can","family":"\u00d6zarslan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bahar","family":"Akyuz Yilmaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2024.152016","article-title":"Wearable and implantable bioelectronic: biosensing contact lens and applications","volume":"491","author":"Sarac","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.34133\/bmef.0109","article-title":"Functional bacterial cellulose-based MXene (Ti3C2Tx) electronic-skin patch for accelerated healing and monitoring","volume":"6","author":"Lihan","year":"2025","journal-title":"BME Frontiers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3600","DOI":"10.1021\/acsabm.3c00296","article-title":"Biomimetic-engineered silicone hydrogel contact lens materials","volume":"6","author":"Ishihara","year":"2023","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Bio Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2111","DOI":"10.1021\/acsbiomaterials.2c00174","article-title":"Syntheses of gold and silver nanocomposite contact lenses via chemical volumetric modulation of hydrogels","volume":"8","author":"Salih","year":"2022","journal-title":"ACS Biomater. Sci. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1002\/mabi.201100419","article-title":"Nanomaterials for ocular drug delivery","volume":"12","author":"Liu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Macromol. Biosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0030","series-title":"Nanostructures for the Engineering of Cells","first-page":"403","article-title":"Hydrogels for biomedical applications","author":"Feksa","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2024.151230","article-title":"Bio-electric-electronics and tissue engineering applications of MXenes wearable materials: a review","volume":"489","author":"G\u00fcrb\u00fcz","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0040","first-page":"857","article-title":"Corneal endothelial polymegathism induced by PMMA contact lens wear","volume":"26","author":"Stocker","year":"1985","journal-title":"Investig. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0045","series-title":"Albert and Jakobiec\u2019s Principles and Practice of Ophthalmology","first-page":"1023","article-title":"Contact lenses","author":"McMahon","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1444-0938.2004.tb03139.x","article-title":"Blepharoptosis in RGP and PMMA hard contact lens wearers","volume":"87","author":"Thean","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Optom."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0055","first-page":"14033","article-title":"Polycaprolactone-Mxene nanofibrous scaffolds for tissue engineering","volume":"15","author":"Diedkova","year":"2023","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0060","series-title":"MXene Nanocomposites: Design, Fabrication, and Shielding Applications","first-page":"197","article-title":"MXene-polymer nanocomposites for biomedical applications","author":"Singh","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0065","article-title":"Application of graphene in tissue engineering of the nervous system","volume":"23","author":"\u0141awkowska","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3280","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201506420","article-title":"A bioactive carbon nanotube-based ink for printing 2D and 3D flexible electronics","volume":"28","author":"Shin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1681","DOI":"10.1007\/s12633-025-03300-z","article-title":"Quaternary PMMA-PEG\/SnO\u2082-SiC nanocomposite films for flexible nanodielectric and energy storage applications","volume":"17","author":"Sattar","year":"2025","journal-title":"Silicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6181","DOI":"10.1007\/s12633-024-03138-x","article-title":"Synthesis of PMMA\/PEG\/SiO2\/SiC multifunctional nanostructures and exploring the microstructure and dielectric features for flexible nanodielectric applications","volume":"16","author":"Sattar","year":"2024","journal-title":"Silicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1660","DOI":"10.1007\/s10854-024-13435-1","article-title":"Fabrication and characteristics of PMMA\u2013PEG\/SiO2\u2013SiC quaternary nanocomposites for gamma ray shielding and flexible optoelectronics applications","volume":"35","author":"Sattar","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/polym14010185","article-title":"A Meta-analysis of wearable contact lenses for medical applications: role of electrospun Fiber for drug delivery","volume":"14","author":"Hosseinian","year":"2022","journal-title":"Polymers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2017.09.029","article-title":"Development and characterisation of electrospun timolol maleate-loaded polymeric contact lens coatings containing various permeation enhancers","volume":"532","author":"Mehta","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1166\/jbns.2018.1580","article-title":"Modern developments in polymer nanocomposites for antibacterial and antimicrobial applications: a review","volume":"12","author":"Hashim","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Bionanosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"840","DOI":"10.1007\/s12668-023-01100-6","article-title":"Modern developments in the application and function of metal\/metal oxide nanocomposite\u2013based antibacterial agents","volume":"13","author":"Mustafa","year":"2023","journal-title":"BioNanoScience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0110","first-page":"1167","article-title":"Analysis of structural, electrical and electronic properties of (polymer nanocomposites\/ silicon carbide) for antibacterial application","volume":"62","author":"Ahmed","year":"2019","journal-title":"Egypt. J. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2022.119678","article-title":"Electrodeposition induced covalent cross-linking of chitosan for electrofabrication of hydrogel contact lenses","volume":"292","author":"Yang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.9734\/jpri\/2020\/v32i230403","article-title":"Formulation and characterization of poly sulfoxyamine grafted chitosan coated contact lens","author":"Jadhav","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Res. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0125","article-title":"A facile route to fabricate CS\/GO composite film for the application of therapeutic contact lenses","volume":"2020","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv. Mater. Sci. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/S0032-3861(01)00336-6","article-title":"Controlled deposition of electrospun poly(ethylene oxide) fibers","author":"Deitzel","year":"2001","journal-title":"Polymer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurpolymj.2007.01.003","article-title":"Solvent effects on jet evolution during electrospinning of semi-dilute polystyrene solutions","volume":"43","author":"Eda","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur. Polym. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-6041\/2\/4\/L01","article-title":"Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) based nanocomposites - a novel way of drug-releasing","author":"Chen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biomed. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1080\/20550324.2023.2168844","article-title":"Structural, optical, and mechanical characterization of PMMA-MXene composites functionalized with MEMO silane","volume":"8","author":"Pe\u0161i\u0107","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nanocomposites"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0150","article-title":"Highly enhanced thermal conductivity from boron nitride nanosheets and MXene phonon resonance in 3D PMMA spheres composites","volume":"21","author":"Huang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mater. Today Sustain."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.5937\/tehnika2105545P","article-title":"Influence of synthesis parameters on mechanical properties of nanocomposite PMMA-MXene","volume":"76","author":"Pe\u0161i\u0107","year":"2021","journal-title":"Tehnika"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9203","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.2c01514","article-title":"Flexible and transparent electrode of hybrid Ti3C2TXMXene-silver nanowires for high-performance quantum dot light-emitting diodes","volume":"16","author":"Jiang","year":"2022","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1416","DOI":"10.1515\/chem-2022-0221","article-title":"Investigation of improved optical and conductivity properties of poly(methyl methacrylate)-MXenes (PMMA-MXenes) nanocomposite thin films for optoelectronic applications","volume":"20","author":"Tan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Open Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1166\/jap.2017.1313","article-title":"Effect of zirconium oxide nanoparticles on dielectric properties of (PVA-PEG-PVP) blend for medical application","volume":"6","author":"Kadhim","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Adv. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.polymdegradstab.2024.110665","article-title":"Synthesis of MXene-based functional coatings on rigid polyurethane foam surfaces: a comparative study of layer-by-layer self-assembly and hydrothermal methods","volume":"220","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Polym. Degrad. Stab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5512","DOI":"10.1039\/D0RA09125A","article-title":"Study on contact angles and surface energy of MXene films","volume":"11","author":"Zhou","year":"2021","journal-title":"RSC Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0185","first-page":"71","article-title":"Fabrication and characterization of (PVA-TiO2)1-x\/ SiCx nanocomposites for biomedical applications","volume":"63","author":"Hashim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Egypt. J. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compositesa.2021.106574","article-title":"Hybrid shell of MXene and reduced graphene oxide assembled on PMMA bead core towards tunable thermoconductive and EMI shielding nanocomposites","volume":"149","author":"Vu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Compos. A: Appl. Sci. Manuf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0195","series-title":"Fabrication of Porous Carbon-Composite Nanofibers Via Electrospinning and Their Application in Ion Storage System","first-page":"2509","author":"Kim","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijleo.2024.171612","article-title":"Dual BaTiO3 layer-cavity assisted enhancement of copper-based surface plasmon resonance biosensor","volume":"299","author":"Wei","year":"2024","journal-title":"Optik"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0205","series-title":"2023 Advances in Science and Engineering Technology International Conferences","first-page":"2023","article-title":"Mxene\/polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) based implantable and flexible bioelectrodes for neural sensing","author":"Baz Khan","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/mi13091383","article-title":"MXene-chitosan composites and their biomedical potentials","volume":"13","author":"Iravani","year":"2022","journal-title":"Micromachines"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35386","DOI":"10.1039\/C8RA06274A","article-title":"Antibacterial properties of electrospun Ti3C2Tz (MXene)\/chitosan nanofibers","volume":"8","author":"Mayerberger","year":"2018","journal-title":"RSC Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioadv.2022.213055","article-title":"Generation of cost-effective MXene@polydopamine-decorated chitosan nanofibrous wound dressing for promoting wound healing","volume":"140","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomater. Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/app.49197","article-title":"Investigation of improved dielectric and thermal properties of ternary nanocomposite PMMA\/MXene\/ZnO fabricated by in-situ bulk polymerization","volume":"137","author":"Ul Haq","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Appl. Polym. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10196","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.4c00475","article-title":"Suppressing dielectric loss in MXene\/polymer nanocomposites through interfacial interactions","volume":"18","author":"Tu","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4960","DOI":"10.1021\/acsanm.3c05591","article-title":"Flexible silver nanowire and Ti3C2Tx MXene composite films for electromagnetic interference shielding","volume":"7","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Nano Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0240","article-title":"Sustainable MXene-chitosan\/chitin composites for interdisciplinary applications in water purification, bio-medical, bio-sensing and electronic fields","volume":"25","author":"Rana","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mater. Today Sustain."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.indcrop.2023.116252","article-title":"A spider-silk-inspired soybean protein adhesive with high-strength and mildew-resistant via synergistic effect of MXene nanosheets and chitosan","volume":"193","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ind. Crop. Prod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compositesa.2022.106809","article-title":"Fabrication of chitosan\/MXene multilayered film based on layer-by-layer assembly: toward enhanced electromagnetic interference shielding and thermal management capacity","volume":"155","author":"Tan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Compos. A: Appl. Sci. Manuf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8862","DOI":"10.1039\/D1TB01798E","article-title":"A conductive polyacrylamide hydrogel enabled by dispersion-enhanced MXene@chitosan assembly for highly stretchable and sensitive wearable skin","volume":"9","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. B"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2020.127720","article-title":"Conductive MXene\/cotton fabric based pressure sensor with both high sensitivity and wide sensing range for human motion detection and E-skin","volume":"420","author":"Zheng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xcrp.2022.101013","article-title":"Foot-scale MXene film of ultrathin electronic skin for wearable motion sensors","volume":"3","author":"Ma","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell Reports Phys. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0270","article-title":"Highly stretchable and self-healable MXene\/polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel electrode for wearable capacitive electronic skin","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv. Electr. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3326","DOI":"10.1007\/s12274-022-4962-6","article-title":"Visible transparent, infrared stealthy polymeric films with nanocoating of ITO@MXene enable efficient passive radiative heating and solar\/electric thermal conversion","volume":"16","author":"Du","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nano Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ma11112335","article-title":"Hydroxide conduction enhancement of chitosan membranes by functionalized MXene","volume":"11","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Materials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2022.137093","article-title":"Ultralight and hydrophobic MXene\/chitosan-derived hybrid carbon aerogel with hierarchical pore structure for durable electromagnetic interference shielding and thermal insulation","volume":"446","author":"Wu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nanoen.2021.106502","article-title":"Environmentally stable, mechanically flexible, self-adhesive, and electrically conductive Ti3C2TX MXene hydrogels for wide-temperature strain sensing","volume":"90","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nano Energy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0295","article-title":"Mechanically flexible and flame-retardant cellulose nanofibril-based films integrated with MXene and chitosan","volume":"2","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Soft Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0300","article-title":"Tissue-nanoengineered hyperbranched polymer based multifunctional hydrogels as flexible \u201cwounped treatment-health monitoring\u201d bioelectronic implant","volume":"29","author":"Luo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Appl. Mater. Today"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0305","series-title":"Materials Today: Proceedings","first-page":"2908","article-title":"The properties of kenaf\/carbon\/PMMA hybrid composites by adding chitosan nano and microparticles","author":"Sosiati","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0310","series-title":"AIP Conference Proceedings","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1063\/1.5047195","article-title":"Preparation and characterization of chitosan beads grafted with poly(methyl methacrylate) for controlled release study","author":"Ghapar","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s11082-022-03674-z","article-title":"Structural and optical characterization of titanium\u2013carbide and polymethyl methacrylate based nanocomposite","volume":"54","author":"Pe\u0161i\u0107","year":"2022","journal-title":"Opt. Quant. Electron."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s00604-020-04366-9","article-title":"An electrochemical sensor for ifosfamide, acetaminophen, domperidone, and sumatriptan based on self-assembled MXene\/MWCNT\/chitosan nanocomposite thin film","volume":"187","author":"Kalambate","year":"2020","journal-title":"Microchim. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1590\/0104-1428.12516","article-title":"Effect of solvents on the morphology of PMMA films fabricated by spin-coating","volume":"27","author":"Padilha","year":"2017","journal-title":"Polimeros"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ma15155391","article-title":"Mechanical characterization of dental prostheses manufactured with PMMA\u2013graphene composites","volume":"15","author":"Punset","year":"2022","journal-title":"Materials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0335","article-title":"Fabrication of polycaprolactone-chitosan\/curcumin polymer composite fibers and evaluation of their in vitro release kinetic behavior and antibacterial-antifungal activity","author":"Ciftci","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Sol-Gel Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2023.145890","article-title":"Simultaneous removal of Norfloxacin, Ciprofloxacin, and copper from aqueous solution by chitosan and MXene functionalized graphene oxide ternary composite based on anion-synergistic interaction","volume":"474","author":"Bukhari","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gce.2023.08.003","article-title":"Enhanced termination of zinc and cadmium ions from wastewater employing plain and chitosan-modified mxenes: synthesis, characterization, and adsorption performance","volume":"5","author":"Azeez","year":"2024","journal-title":"Green Chem. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202304453","article-title":"Grafted MXene assisted bifunctional hydrogel for stable and highly sensitive self-powered fibrous system","volume":"34","author":"Pu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0355","first-page":"1092","article-title":"X-ray diffraction and UV-visible studies of PMMA thin films","volume":"2","author":"Shobhana","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Modern Eng. Res. (IJMER)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2742","DOI":"10.33263\/LIANBS104.27422749","article-title":"Synthesis and optical properties of chitosan\/polypyrrole composite for biological applications","volume":"10","author":"Gewili","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lett. Appl. NanoBioSci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4248","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201102306","article-title":"Two-dimensional nanocrystals produced by exfoliation of Ti 3AlC 2","volume":"23","author":"Naguib","year":"2011","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yofte.2020.102289","article-title":"MXene Ti3C2Tx as a passive Q-switcher for erbium-doped fiber laser","volume":"58","author":"Jafry","year":"2020","journal-title":"Opt. Fiber Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2021.132119","article-title":"Enhanced photocatalytic activity of two dimensional ternary nanocomposites of ZnO\u2013Bi2WO6\u2013Ti3C2 MXene under natural sunlight irradiation","volume":"287","author":"Sharma","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1063\/5.0025338","article-title":"Synthesis of 2D material MXene from Ti3AlC2 MAX-phase for electromagnetic shielding applications","author":"Kumar","year":"2020","journal-title":"AIP Conf. Proc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0385","series-title":"Study of Chitosan-Stabilized Ti3C2Tx MXene for Ultrasensitive and Interference-Free Detection of Gaseous H2O2 (ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces)","first-page":"31643","volume":"15:26","author":"Erratum","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6688","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceramint.2022.10.272","article-title":"Carboxylated chitosan modified alkalization of 2D MXene Ti3C2 and its Cr(VI) removal performance in aqueous solution","volume":"49","author":"Qiang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ceram. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3963","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurpolymj.2007.06.004","article-title":"Synthesis and characterization of chitosan-g-glycidyl methacrylate with methyl methacrylate","volume":"43","author":"Elizalde-Pe\u00f1a","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur. Polym. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1016\/j.memsci.2019.03.085","article-title":"Two-dimensional graphene oxide\/MXene composite lamellar membranes for efficient solvent permeation and molecular separation","volume":"582","author":"Wei","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Membr. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6929","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201401061","article-title":"A graphene oxide membrane with highly selective molecular separation of aqueous organic solution","volume":"53","author":"Huang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Angewandte Chemie - International Edition."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2018.11.105","article-title":"A polydopamine-modified reduced graphene oxide (RGO)\/MOFs nanocomposite with fast rejection capacity for organic dye","volume":"359","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2023.124482","article-title":"Photothermal and natural activity-based synergistic antibacterial effects of Ti3C2Tx MXene-loaded chitosan hydrogel against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"240","author":"Dong","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/ma13204587","article-title":"Controlling the porosity and biocidal properties of the chitosan-hyaluronate matrix hydrogel nanocomposites by the addition of 2D Ti3 C2 Tx mxene","volume":"13","author":"Rozmys\u0142owska-Wojciechowska","year":"2020","journal-title":"Materials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2023.146420","article-title":"A Mxene@TA\/Fe dual-nanozyme composited antifouling hydrogel for burn wound repair","volume":"476","author":"Kang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0430","article-title":"LBL assembly of Ag@Ti3C2T Xand chitosan on PLLA substrate to enhance antibacterial and biocompatibility","volume":"17","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomed. Mater. (Bristol)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/polym15102352","article-title":"Antimicrobial and mechanical properties of ag@Ti3C2Tx-modified PVA composite hydrogels enhanced with quaternary ammonium chitosan","volume":"15","author":"Guo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Polymers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1166\/jbns.2018.1538","article-title":"Synthesis and characterization of novel (organic-inorganic) nanofluids for antibacterial, antifungal and heat transfer applications","volume":"12","author":"Al-Garah","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Bionanosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0445","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2024.129238","article-title":"MXene-based polysaccharide aerogel with multifunctional enduring antimicrobial effects for infected wound healing","volume":"261","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0450","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s10965-020-02354-4","article-title":"Reinforcing antibacterial hydrogels through electrospun nanofiber layers for soft tissue engineering","volume":"27","author":"Khan","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Polym. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4245","DOI":"10.1039\/D3LC00500C","article-title":"Chitosan: a green adhesive for surface functionalization and fabrication of thermoplastic biomedical microdevices","volume":"23","author":"Trinh","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lab Chip"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1039\/D3TB01578E","article-title":"A Ti3C2 MXene-integrated near-infrared-responsive multifunctional porous scaffold for infected bone defect repair","volume":"12","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. B"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0465","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202000872","article-title":"Biodegradable and electroactive regenerated bacterial cellulose\/MXene (Ti3C2Tx) composite hydrogel as wound dressing for accelerating skin wound healing under electrical stimulation","volume":"9","author":"Mao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv. Healthc. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0470","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xcrp.2023.101664","article-title":"Photothermal MXene@Zn-MOF-decorated bacterial cellulose-based hydrogel wound dressing for infectious wound healing","volume":"4","author":"Cheng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Reports Phys. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0475","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1166\/mat.2016.1371","article-title":"Synthesis of (PVA-PEG-PVP-TiO 2) nanocomposites for antibacterial application","volume":"5","author":"Kadhim","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mater. Focus."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0480","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matlet.2022.133020","article-title":"Antibacterial, antifungal, and anticancer potential of two-dimensional Ti3C2Tx MXene","volume":"327","author":"Ahamed","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mater. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388_bb0485","article-title":"Non-toxic 2D Ti3C2 MXene surface-modified with Al, Ga, In alkoxides by chemical reactions with metal trialkyls","volume":"29","author":"Wojciechowski","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nano-Struct. Nano-Obj."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Biological Macromolecules"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0141813025059434?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0141813025059434?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T07:20:09Z","timestamp":1762240809000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0141813025059434"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"references-count":97,"alternative-id":["S0141813025059434"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388","relation":{},"ISSN":["0141-8130"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0141-8130","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"MXene-modified PMMA\/chitosan composite e-skin scaffold: Bioelectronic and antibacterial assessment","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"International Journal of Biological Macromolecules","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.145388","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"145388"}}