{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,10]],"date-time":"2026-11-10T15:26:59Z","timestamp":1794324419820,"version":"4.9.0"},"reference-count":88,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Biological Macromolecules"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T06:51:10Z","timestamp":1787813470000},"page":"154243","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"P1","title":["Plant EV small RNAs as programmable cross-kingdom signals: Mechanisms, evidence standards, and crop protection"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"381","author":[{"given":"Aziz","family":"Ullah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0005","article-title":"The silent conversation: how small RNAs shape plant-microbe relationships","volume":"26","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/plants13192712","article-title":"Cross-kingdom RNA transport based on extracellular vesicles provides innovative tools for plant protection","volume":"13","author":"Zhao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Plants"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.16.01253","article-title":"Extracellular vesicles isolated from the leaf apoplast carry stress-response proteins","volume":"173","author":"Rutter","year":"2017","journal-title":"Plant Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5485","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/erx355","article-title":"Plant extracellular vesicles are incorporated by a fungal pathogen and inhibit its growth","volume":"68","author":"Regente","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Exp. Bot."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1126","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aar4142","article-title":"Plants send small RNAs in extracellular vesicles to fungal pathogen to silence virulence genes","volume":"360","author":"Cai","year":"2018","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1105\/tpc.18.00872","article-title":"Plant extracellular vesicles contain diverse small RNA species and are enriched in 10- to 17-nucleotide \u201ctiny\u201d RNAs","volume":"31","author":"Baldrich","year":"2019","journal-title":"Plant Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1038\/s41477-021-00863-8","article-title":"RNA-binding proteins contribute to small RNA loading in plant extracellular vesicles","volume":"7","author":"He","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Plants"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0040","article-title":"Plant extracellular vesicles: current landscape and future directions","volume":"12","author":"Ambrosone","year":"2023","journal-title":"Plants (Basel, Switzerland)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbi.2018.01.008","article-title":"Extracellular vesicles as key mediators of plant-microbe interactions","volume":"44","author":"Rutter","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Plant Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20225695","article-title":"Extracellular vesicles\u2014connecting kingdoms","volume":"20","author":"Woith","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4655","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/ery255","article-title":"Extracellular vesicles: a missing component in plant cell wall remodeling","volume":"69","author":"de la Canal","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Exp. Bot."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/genes17010052","article-title":"Plant extracellular vesicles with complex molecular cargo: a cross-kingdom conduit for microRNA-directed RNA silencing","volume":"17","author":"Shalvina","year":"2026","journal-title":"Genes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbi.2017.05.003","article-title":"Cross-kingdom RNA trafficking and environmental RNAi for powerful innovative pre- and post-harvest plant protection","volume":"38","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Plant Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16151","DOI":"10.1038\/nplants.2016.151","article-title":"Bidirectional cross-kingdom RNAi and fungal uptake of external RNAs confer plant protection","volume":"2","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Plants"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-62036-2_4","article-title":"Communicating across cell walls: structure, evolution, and regulation of plasmodesmatal transport in plants","volume":"73","author":"Brunkard","year":"2024","journal-title":"Results Probl. Cell Differ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2020.00700","article-title":"Characterizing extracellular vesicles and their diverse RNA contents","volume":"11","author":"Veziroglu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/20013078.2018.1535750","article-title":"Minimal information for studies of extracellular vesicles 2018 (MISEV2018): position statement of the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles and update of the MISEV2014 guidelines","volume":"7","author":"Th\u00e9ry","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Extracell. Vesicles"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/jev2.12404","article-title":"Minimal information for studies of extracellular vesicles (MISEV2023): from basic to advanced approaches","volume":"13","author":"Welsh","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Extracell. Vesicles"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm.2017.125","article-title":"Shedding light on the cell biology of extracellular vesicles","volume":"19","author":"van Niel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1038\/s41556-018-0250-9","article-title":"Specificities of secretion and uptake of exosomes and other extracellular vesicles for cell-to-cell communication","volume":"21","author":"Mathieu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aau6977","article-title":"The biology, function, and biomedical applications of exosomes","volume":"367","author":"Kalluri","year":"2020","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1226","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2016.01.043","article-title":"Communication by extracellular vesicles: where we are and where we need to go","volume":"164","author":"Tkach","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2019.02.029","article-title":"Reassessment of exosome composition","volume":"177","author":"Jeppesen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E968","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1521230113","article-title":"Proteomic comparison defines novel markers to characterize heterogeneous populations of extracellular vesicle subtypes","volume":"113","author":"Kowal","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3402\/jev.v2i0.20360","article-title":"Standardization of sample collection, isolation and analysis methods in extracellular vesicle research","volume":"2","author":"Witwer","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Extracell. Vesicles"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/20013078.2019.1648167","article-title":"Extracellular vesicles or exosomes? On primacy, precision, and popularity influencing a choice of nomenclature","volume":"8","author":"Witwer","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Extracell. Vesicles"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/20013078.2017.1286095","article-title":"Obstacles and opportunities in the functional analysis of extracellular vesicle RNA\u2014an ISEV position paper","volume":"6","author":"Mateescu","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Extracell. Vesicles"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0140","article-title":"Exogenous factors in the extracellular RNA landscape: are the small RNAs detected in cell culture experiments truly cell-derived?","volume":"4","author":"Tosar","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Extracell. Vesicles"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1863","DOI":"10.1093\/plcell\/koac043","article-title":"Arabidopsis apoplastic fluid contains sRNA- and circular RNA-protein complexes that are located outside extracellular vesicles","volume":"34","author":"Zand Karimi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Plant Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/jev2.70113","article-title":"Defining the parameters for sorting of RNA cargo into extracellular vesicles","volume":"14","author":"Abdelgawad","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Extracell. Vesicles"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14888","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1408301111","article-title":"Quantitative and stoichiometric analysis of the microRNA content of exosomes","volume":"111","author":"Chevillet","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1009951","article-title":"MicroRNAs are minor constituents of extracellular vesicles that are rarely delivered to target cells","volume":"17","author":"Albanese","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2019.03.024","article-title":"Small RNA sequencing across diverse biofluids identifies optimal methods for exRNA isolation","volume":"177","author":"Srinivasan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"872","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1187959","article-title":"Small silencing RNAs in plants are mobile and direct epigenetic modification in recipient cells","volume":"328","author":"Molnar","year":"2010","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3553","DOI":"10.1038\/emboj.2011.274","article-title":"Intercellular and systemic movement of RNA silencing signals","volume":"30","author":"Melnyk","year":"2011","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1038\/s41477-020-0687-2","article-title":"Movement and differential consumption of short interfering RNA duplexes underlie mobile RNA interference","volume":"6","author":"Devers","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Plants"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1678","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2011.08.065","article-title":"Mobile 24 nt small RNAs direct transcriptional gene silencing in the root meristems of Arabidopsis thaliana","volume":"21","author":"Melnyk","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-04234-3","article-title":"MicroRNA sequence codes for small extracellular vesicle release and cellular retention","volume":"601","author":"Garcia-Martin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/6647597","article-title":"Bias in RNA-seq library preparation: current challenges and solutions","volume":"2021","author":"Shi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomed. Res. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkaa480","article-title":"A low-bias and sensitive small RNA library preparation method using randomized splint ligation","volume":"48","author":"Maguire","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2980","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms3980","article-title":"Sumoylated hnRNPA2B1 controls the sorting of miRNAs into exosomes through binding to specific motifs","volume":"4","author":"Villarroya-Beltri","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.19276","article-title":"Y-box protein 1 is required to sort microRNAs into exosomes in cells and in a cell-free reaction","volume":"5","author":"Shurtleff","year":"2016","journal-title":"eLife"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.09.031","article-title":"The RNA-binding protein SYNCRIP is a component of the hepatocyte exosomal machinery controlling microRNA sorting","volume":"17","author":"Santangelo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.47544","article-title":"Distinct mechanisms of microRNA sorting into cancer cell-derived extracellular vesicle subtypes","volume":"8","author":"Temoche-Diaz","year":"2019","journal-title":"eLife"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0225","article-title":"NPM1 mediates mRNA sorting into extracellular vesicles via specific RNA motif binding and phase separation","volume":"13","author":"Zhang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1038\/s12276-024-01209-y","article-title":"Regulation of cargo selection in exosome biogenesis and its biomedical applications in cancer","volume":"56","author":"Lee","year":"2024","journal-title":"Exp. Mol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/jex2.40","article-title":"Unpacking extracellular vesicles: RNA cargo loading and function","volume":"1","author":"Dellar","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Extracell. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0240","first-page":"475","article-title":"Exosome miRNA sorting controlled by RNA-binding protein-motif interactions","volume":"6","author":"Huang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Extracellular vesicles and circulating nucleic acids"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1505","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.16725","article-title":"Growing pains: addressing the pitfalls of plant extracellular vesicle research","volume":"228","author":"Rutter","year":"2020","journal-title":"New Phytol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/jev2.12048","article-title":"A call for rigor and standardization in plant extracellular vesicle research","volume":"10","author":"Pinedo","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Extracell. Vesicles"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4383","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-40093-4","article-title":"Fungal small RNAs ride in extracellular vesicles to enter plant cells through clathrin-mediated endocytosis","volume":"14","author":"He","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1950","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2019.07.018","article-title":"Endocytic profiling of cancer cell models reveals critical factors influencing LNP-mediated mRNA delivery and protein expression","volume":"27","author":"Sayers","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1239705","article-title":"Fungal small RNAs suppress plant immunity by hijacking host RNA interference pathways","volume":"342","author":"Weiberg","year":"2013","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1005901","article-title":"An RNAi-based control of fusarium graminearum infections through spraying of long dsRNAs involves a plant passage and is controlled by the fungal silencing machinery","volume":"12","author":"Koch","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1038\/nature25027","article-title":"MicroRNAs from the parasitic plant Cuscuta campestris target host messenger RNAs","volume":"553","author":"Shahid","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5488","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms6488","article-title":"Exosomes secreted by nematode parasites transfer small RNAs to mammalian cells and modulate innate immunity","volume":"5","author":"Buck","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1004602","article-title":"Trans-kingdom cross-talk: small RNAs on the move","volume":"10","author":"Knip","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbi.2015.05.033","article-title":"Small RNAs\u2014the secret agents in the plant-pathogen interactions","volume":"26","author":"Weiberg","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Plant Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0295","article-title":"Extracellular vesicles: emerging players in plant defense against pathogens","volume":"12","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2025.1681793","article-title":"Extracellular vesicles in the rhizosphere: targets to improve nutrient use efficiency of crops?","volume":"16","author":"Paponov","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/eraf312","article-title":"Three decades of mobile RNA silencing within plants: what have we learnt?","volume":"77","author":"Voinnet","year":"2026","journal-title":"J. Exp. Bot."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16207","DOI":"10.1038\/nplants.2016.207","article-title":"Clay nanosheets for topical delivery of RNAi for sustained protection against plant viruses","volume":"3","author":"Mitter","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Plants"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.19.00570","article-title":"Genetically modified organism-free RNA interference: exogenous application of RNA molecules in plants","volume":"182","author":"Dalakouras","year":"2020","journal-title":"Plant Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20092282","article-title":"Exogenous RNAs for gene regulation and plant resistance","volume":"20","author":"Dubrovina","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eaaz0495","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aaz0495","article-title":"Carbon nanocarriers deliver siRNA to intact plant cells for efficient gene knockdown","volume":"6","author":"Demirer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1038\/s41565-019-0382-5","article-title":"High aspect ratio nanomaterials enable delivery of functional genetic material without DNA integration in mature plants","volume":"14","author":"Demirer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Nanotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1038\/s41565-019-0375-4","article-title":"Chloroplast-selective gene delivery and expression in planta using chitosan-complexed single-walled carbon nanotube carriers","volume":"14","author":"Kwak","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Nanotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"882","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tibtech.2018.03.009","article-title":"Nanoparticle-mediated delivery towards advancing plant genetic engineering","volume":"36","author":"Cunningham","year":"2018","journal-title":"Trends Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2021.753790","article-title":"Advances in the development of microbial double-stranded RNA production systems for application of RNA interference in agricultural pest control","volume":"9","author":"Guan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0350","article-title":"Stability challenges and engineering strategies of plant-derived extracellular vesicle-like particles: a translational perspective","volume":"21","author":"Li","year":"2026","journal-title":"Int. J. Nanomedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1345","DOI":"10.1038\/mt.2013.64","article-title":"Grape exosome-like nanoparticles induce intestinal stem cells and protect mice from DSS-induced colitis","volume":"21","author":"Ju","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1561","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.201300729","article-title":"Interspecies communication between plant and mouse gut host cells through edible plant-derived exosome-like nanoparticles","volume":"58","author":"Mu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mol. Nutr. Food Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1867","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms2886","article-title":"Delivery of therapeutic agents by nanoparticles made of grapefruit-derived lipids","volume":"4","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2016.06.018","article-title":"Edible ginger-derived nanoparticles: a novel therapeutic approach for the prevention and treatment of inflammatory bowel disease and colitis-associated cancer","volume":"101","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2018.10.001","article-title":"Plant-derived exosomal microRNAs shape the gut microbiota","volume":"24","author":"Teng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19514","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.4004","article-title":"Citrus limon-derived nanovesicles inhibit cancer cell proliferation and suppress CML xenograft growth by inducing TRAIL-mediated cell death","volume":"6","author":"Raimondo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9326","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.1c04087","article-title":"Connection between miRNA mediation and the bioactive effects of broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica): exogenous miRNA resistance to food processing and GI digestion","volume":"69","author":"Chapado","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2025.117325","article-title":"Impact of thermal culinary processing and gastrointestinal digestion on the stability, count, and biological effects of broccoli-derived extracellular vesicles","volume":"221","author":"Mazar\u00edo-G\u00e1rgoles","year":"2025","journal-title":"Food Res. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb1596","article-title":"Exosome-mediated transfer of mRNAs and microRNAs is a novel mechanism of genetic exchange between cells","volume":"9","author":"Valadi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1470","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb1800","article-title":"Glioblastoma microvesicles transport RNA and proteins that promote tumour growth and provide diagnostic biomarkers","volume":"10","author":"Skog","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7223","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkr254","article-title":"Characterization of extracellular circulating microRNA","volume":"39","author":"Turchinovich","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3402\/jev.v4.27066","article-title":"Biological properties of extracellular vesicles and their physiological functions","volume":"4","author":"Y\u00e1\u00f1ez-M\u00f3","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Extracell. Vesicles"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-cellbio-101512-122326","article-title":"Biogenesis, secretion, and intercellular interactions of exosomes and other extracellular vesicles","volume":"30","author":"Colombo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.201211138","article-title":"Extracellular vesicles: exosomes, microvesicles, and friends","volume":"200","author":"Raposo","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2016.02.006","article-title":"Extracellular vesicles for drug delivery","volume":"106","author":"Vader","year":"2016","journal-title":"Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-020-0251-y","article-title":"RNA delivery by extracellular vesicles in mammalian cells and its applications","volume":"21","author":"O'Brien","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1007\/s13346-024-01698-4","article-title":"Plant-derived extracellular vesicles: a synergetic combination of a drug delivery system and a source of natural bioactive compounds","volume":"15","author":"Langellotto","year":"2025","journal-title":"Drug Deliv. Transl. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243_bb0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-025-02312-w","article-title":"Extracellular vesicle-based drug overview: research landscape, quality control and nonclinical evaluation strategies","volume":"10","author":"Xu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Signal Transduct. Target. Ther."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Biological Macromolecules"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0141813026041899?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0141813026041899?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,10]],"date-time":"2026-11-10T14:24:48Z","timestamp":1794320688000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0141813026041899"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"references-count":88,"alternative-id":["S0141813026041899"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243","relation":{},"ISSN":["0141-8130"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0141-8130","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Plant EV small RNAs as programmable cross-kingdom signals: Mechanisms, evidence standards, and crop protection","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"International Journal of Biological Macromolecules","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2026.154243","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"154243"}}