{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T16:29:38Z","timestamp":1791563378480,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,1]],"date-time":"2015-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1420070400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["internationaljournalofcardiology.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Cardiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2014.10.118","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,22]],"date-time":"2014-10-22T17:32:13Z","timestamp":1413999133000},"page":"111-116","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":144,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Analysis of vitamin D levels in patients with and without statin-associated myalgia \u2014 A systematic review and meta-analysis of 7 studies with 2420 patients"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"178","author":[{"given":"Marta","family":"Michalska-Kasiczak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amirhossein","family":"Sahebkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dimitri P.","family":"Mikhailidis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacek","family":"Rysz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Muntner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter P.","family":"Toth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven R.","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manfredi","family":"Rizzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Kees Hovingh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michel","family":"Farnier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick M.","family":"Moriarty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vera A.","family":"Bittner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregory Y.H.","family":"Lip","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6690-6874","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maciej","family":"Banach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2014.10.118_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009217.pub2","article-title":"Statins for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease","volume":"1","author":"Taylor","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2014.10.118_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1038\/nrcardio.2013.80","article-title":"Statins in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease","volume":"10","author":"Reiner","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cardiol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2014.10.118_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1097\/01.fjc.0000246150.52382.07","article-title":"Neutrophil superoxide anion generation during atorvastatin and fluvastatin therapy used in coronary heart disease primary prevention","volume":"48","author":"Kowalski","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2014.10.118_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.5114\/aoms.2013.35424","article-title":"Statins and cardiovascular outcomes in elderly and younger patients with coronary artery disease: a post hoc analysis of the GREACE study","volume":"9","author":"Athyros","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arch. Med. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2014.10.118_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2013.03.007","article-title":"Lipid and Blood Pressure Meta-Analysis Collaboration Group. Statins decrease all-cause mortality only in CKD patients not requiring dialysis therapy\u2014a meta-analysis of 11 randomized controlled trials involving 21,295 participants","volume":"72","author":"Barylski","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2014.10.118_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.5114\/aoms.2012.27281","article-title":"The impact of statin therapy on long-term cardiovascular outcomes in an outpatient cardiology practice","volume":"8","author":"Lai","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch. Med. Sci."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2014.10.118_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1201","DOI":"10.1007\/s00228-012-1234-5","article-title":"Effect of statins on total cholesterol concentrations and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with diabetes mellitus: a population-based cohort study","volume":"68","author":"Sheng","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2014.10.118_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-012-6580-9","article-title":"Effect of previous statin therapy on severity and outcome in ischemic stroke patients: a population-based study","volume":"260","author":"Aboa-Eboule'","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Neurol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2014.10.118_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archger.2008.12.012","article-title":"Statin therapy in the elderly: a review","volume":"50","author":"Szadkowska","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arch. Gerontol. Geriatr."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2014.10.118_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.5114\/aoms.2013.37275","article-title":"Statin treatment in the elderly: how much do we know?","volume":"9","author":"Rizzo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arch. Med. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2014.10.118_bb0055","first-page":"2889","article-title":"2013 ACC\/AHA Guideline on the Treatment of Blood Cholesterol to Reduce Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Risk in Adults: A Report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines","volume":"63","author":"Stone","year":"2014","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2014.10.118_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"858","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-150-12-200906160-00009","article-title":"Narrative review: statin-related myopathy","volume":"150","author":"Joy","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2014.10.118_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2011.07.048","article-title":"Managing the underestimated risk of statin-associated myopathy","volume":"159","author":"Rallidis","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Cardiol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2014.10.118_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1007\/s10557-005-5686-z","article-title":"Mild to moderate muscular symptoms with high-dosage statin therapy in hyperlipidemic patients\u2014the PRIMO study","volume":"19","author":"Bruckert","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Drugs Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2014.10.118_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2012.01.004","article-title":"Statin induced myotoxicity","volume":"23","author":"Sathasivam","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur. J. Intern. Med."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2014.10.118_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.5114\/aoms.2012.30281","article-title":"Lipid-lowering therapies and achievement of LDL-cholesterol targets","volume":"8","author":"Rizzo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch. Med. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2014.10.118_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.7812\/TPP\/09-090","article-title":"Patients' perspectives on nonadherence to statin therapy: a focus-group study","volume":"14","author":"Fung","year":"2010","journal-title":"Perm. J."},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2014.10.118_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1681","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.289.13.1681","article-title":"Statin-associated myopathy","volume":"289","author":"Thompson","year":"2003","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2014.10.118_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2010.11.039","article-title":"The relationship of vitamin D deficiency to statin myopathy","volume":"215","author":"Gupta","year":"2011","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2014.10.118_bb0100","first-page":"212","article-title":"Increased vitamin D serum levels correlate to clinical improvement of rheumatic disease after Dead Sea climatotherapy","volume":"13","author":"Harari","year":"2011","journal-title":"IMAJ"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2014.10.118_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trsl.2008.11.002","article-title":"Low serum 25 (OH) vitamin D levels (<32ng\/ml) are associated with reversible myositis-myalgia in statin-treated patients","volume":"153","author":"Ahmed","year":"2009","journal-title":"Transl. Res."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2014.10.118_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1329","DOI":"10.1586\/erc.12.92","article-title":"CoQ10 and L-carnitine for statin myalgia?","volume":"10","author":"DiNicolantonio","year":"2012","journal-title":"Expert. Rev. Cardiovasc. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2014.10.118_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2014.08.021","article-title":"Effects of coenzyme Q10 on statin-induced myopathy: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","author":"Banach","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mayo Clin. Proc."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2014.10.118_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clpt.2005.03.006","article-title":"High-dose statins and skeletal muscle metabolism in humans: a randomized, controlled trial","volume":"78","author":"Paiva","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2014.10.118_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2011.07.007","article-title":"Mechanisms of statin-induced myalgia assessed by physiogenomic associations","volume":"218","author":"Ruano","year":"2011","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2014.10.118_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1210","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2004-0966","article-title":"CYP3A4 is a vitamin D-24- and 25-hydroxylase: analysis of structure function by site-directed mutagenesis","volume":"90","author":"Gupta","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2014.10.118_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2010.02.007","article-title":"Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement","volume":"8","author":"Moher","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. J. Surg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2014.10.118_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-5-13","article-title":"Estimating the mean and variance from the median, range, and the size of a sample","volume":"20","author":"Hozo","year":"2005","journal-title":"BMC Med. Res. Methodol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2014.10.118_bb0145","unstructured":"http:\/\/getdata-graph-digitizer.com\/."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2014.10.118_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1089\/dna.2012.1947","article-title":"Does PPAR\u03b32 gene Pro12Ala polymorphism affect nonalcoholic fatty liver disease risk? Evidence from a meta-analysis","volume":"32","author":"Sahebkar","year":"2013","journal-title":"DNA Cell Biol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2014.10.118_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0006-341X.2000.00455.x","article-title":"Trim and fill: a simple funnel-plot-based method of testing and adjusting for publication bias in meta-analysis","volume":"56","author":"Duval","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2014.10.118_bb0160","series-title":"Comprehensive Meta-analysis: A Computer Program for Meta-analysis [Computer Software; Version 2]","author":"Borenstein","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2014.10.118_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S470","DOI":"10.1161\/circ.118.suppl_18.S_470","article-title":"Vitamin D deficiency is associated with myalgias in hyperlipidemic subjects taking statins","volume":"118","author":"Duell","year":"2008","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2014.10.118_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.4161\/derm.2.2.13509","article-title":"The role of vitamin D and SLCO1B1*5 gene polymorphism in statin-associated myalgias","volume":"2","author":"Linde","year":"2010","journal-title":"Dermatoendocrinol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2014.10.118_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2011.04.037","article-title":"A comparison of 25-hydroxyvitamin D serum levels among those with or without statin-associated myalgias","volume":"218","author":"Backes","year":"2011","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2014.10.118_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1247","DOI":"10.1185\/03007995.2012.702102","article-title":"Myopathy during statin therapy in the daily practice of an outpatient cardiology clinic: prevalence, predictors and relation with vitamin D","volume":"28","author":"Riphagen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr. Med. Res. Opin."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2014.10.118_bb0185","first-page":"42","article-title":"Low plasma vitamin D levels and muscle-related adverse effects in statin users","volume":"16","author":"Eisen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Isr. Med. Assoc. J."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2014.10.118_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e88877","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0088877","article-title":"Association of vitamin D and incident statin induced myalgia\u2014a retrospective cohort study","volume":"9","author":"Palamaner Subash Shantha","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2014.10.118_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/1074248414539562","article-title":"Proprotein convertase subtilisin\/kexin 9 inhibitors: an emerging lipid-lowering therapy?","author":"Dragan","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2014.10.118_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.1007\/s11255-014-0657-6","article-title":"Lipid, blood pressure and kidney update 2013","volume":"46","author":"Banach","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. Urol. Nephrol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2014.10.118_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.2008.165","article-title":"Effects of vitamin D supplementation in atorvastatin-treated patients: a new drug interaction with an unexpected consequence","volume":"85","author":"Schwartz","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2014.10.118_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2011.07.007","article-title":"Symptomatic myositis-myalgia in hypercholesterolemic statin-treated patients with concurrent vitamin D deficiency leading to statin intolerance may reflect a reversible interaction between vitamin D deficiency and statins on skeletal muscle","volume":"77","author":"Glueck","year":"2011","journal-title":"Med. Hypotheses"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2014.10.118_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2008.03448.x","article-title":"Vitamin D insufficiency \u2014 a novel mechanism of statin-induced myalgia?","volume":"71","author":"Lee","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin. Endocrinol. (Oxf.)"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2014.10.118_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2011.04321.x","article-title":"Muscle pain and serum creatine kinase are not associated with low serum 25(OH) vitamin D levels in patients receiving statins","volume":"77","author":"Kurnik","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin. Endocrinol. (Oxf.)"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2014.10.118_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3059","DOI":"10.1185\/03007990802469102","article-title":"Statin discontinuation: an underestimated risk?","volume":"24","author":"Tziomalos","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr. Med. Res. Opin."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Cardiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0167527314020555?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0167527314020555?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,20]],"date-time":"2022-04-20T12:28:51Z","timestamp":1650457731000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0167527314020555"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]},"references-count":45,"alternative-id":["S0167527314020555"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijcard.2014.10.118","relation":{},"ISSN":["0167-5273"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0167-5273","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Analysis of vitamin D levels in patients with and without statin-associated myalgia \u2014 A systematic review and meta-analysis of 7 studies with 2420 patients","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"International Journal of Cardiology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijcard.2014.10.118","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}