{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T21:55:05Z","timestamp":1774907705158,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,1]],"date-time":"2015-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1446336000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Leeds Hospitals Charitable Trust Fund"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","internationaljournalofcardiology.com","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.fr","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Cardiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2015.07.020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,11]],"date-time":"2015-07-11T10:05:41Z","timestamp":1436609141000},"page":"121-125","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Restoration of sinus rhythm results in early and late improvements in the functional reserve of the heart following direct current cardioversion of persistent AF: FRESH-AF"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"199","author":[{"given":"K.A.","family":"Gilbert","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.J.","family":"Hogarth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"W.","family":"MacDonald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N.T.","family":"Lewis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L.B.","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.H.","family":"Tayebjee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2015.07.020_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2369","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehq278","article-title":"Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation: the Task Force for the Management of Atrial Fibrillation of the European Society of Cardiology","volume":"31","author":"European Society of Cardiology (ESC)","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2015.07.020_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1049","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2012.04.007","article-title":"Rate or rhythm control for atrial fibrillation: update and controversies","volume":"125","author":"Chintz","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2015.07.020_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euu342","article-title":"Radiofrequency ablation as initial therapy in paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: results on health-related quality of life and symptom burden. The MANTRA-PAF trial","volume":"17","author":"Walfridsson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2015.07.020_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-1241.2010.02426.x","article-title":"Rhythm control agents and adverse events in patients with atrial fibrillation","volume":"64","author":"Taylor","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. J. Clin. Pract."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2015.07.020_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1097\/00001573-200305000-00007","article-title":"Role of cardiac power in heart failure","volume":"18","author":"Cotter","year":"2003","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Cardiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2015.07.020_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.79.3.289","article-title":"Physiological cardiac reserve: development of a non-invasive method and first estimates in man","volume":"79","author":"Cooke","year":"1998","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2015.07.020_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1496","DOI":"10.1053\/euhj.2000.2547","article-title":"Peak exercise cardiac power output; a direct indicator of cardiac function strongly predictive of prognosis in chronic heart failure","volume":"22","author":"Williams","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2015.07.020_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.72.2.161","article-title":"Functional capacity before and after cardioversion of atrial fibrillation: a controlled study","volume":"72","author":"Gosselink","year":"1994","journal-title":"Br. Heart J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2015.07.020_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.78.6.564","article-title":"Atrial fibrillation is associated with a lower exercise capacity in male chronic heart failure patients","volume":"78","author":"Paradeans","year":"1997","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2015.07.020_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(93)90352-D","article-title":"Time course of haemodynamic changes and improvement in exercise tolerance after cardioversion of chronic atrial fibrillation unassociated with cardiac valve disease","volume":"72","author":"Van Gelder","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2015.07.020_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8703(89)90223-8","article-title":"The effect of cardioversion on maximal exercise capacity in patients with chronic atrial fibrillation","volume":"5","author":"Atwood","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am. Heart J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2015.07.020_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.59.5.572","article-title":"Delayed improvement in exercise capacity after cardioversion of atrial fibrillation to sinus rhythm","volume":"59","author":"Lipkin","year":"1998","journal-title":"Br. Heart J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2015.07.020_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1956.9.1.25","article-title":"Determination of mixed venous CO2 tensions by rebreathing","volume":"9","author":"Collier","year":"1956","journal-title":"J. Appl. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2015.07.020_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1958.13.2.159","article-title":"Determination of PvCO2 from the exponential CO2 rise during rebreathing","volume":"13","author":"Defares","year":"1958","journal-title":"J. Appl. Physiol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2015.07.020_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4369","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2013.05.055","article-title":"Atrial fibrillation reduces the Functional REServe of the Heart by a fifth: a pilot FRESH-AF study","volume":"168","author":"Tayebjee","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2015.07.020_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(65)90454-6","article-title":"Significance of the atrial contribution to ventricular filling","volume":"15","author":"Samet","year":"1965","journal-title":"Am. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2015.07.020_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8703(83)90194-1","article-title":"The haemodynamic consequences of cardiac arrhythmias: evaluation of the relative roles of abnormal atrioventricular sequencing, irregularity of ventricular rhythm and atrial fibrillation in a canine model","volume":"106","author":"Naito","year":"1983","journal-title":"Am. Heart J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2015.07.020_bb0090","first-page":"342","article-title":"Haemodynamic consequences of atrial fibrillation at constant ventricular rates","volume":"36","author":"Skinner","year":"1964","journal-title":"Am. Heart J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2015.07.020_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-0736(73)80006-8","article-title":"Cardiac output and the varying R\u2013R interval of atrial fibrillation","volume":"6","author":"Herbert","year":"1973","journal-title":"J. Electrocardiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2015.07.020_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.102.4.1017","article-title":"Improved ventilator response to exercise after cardioversion of chronic atrial fibrillation to sinus rhythm","volume":"102","author":"Lundstom","year":"1992","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2015.07.020_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1368","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.eurheartj.a060396","article-title":"Long-term effect of cardioversion on peak oxygen consumption in chronic atrial fibrillation: a 2year follow-up","volume":"15","author":"Gosselink","year":"1994","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Cardiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0167527315301303?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0167527315301303?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,28]],"date-time":"2019-08-28T04:50:23Z","timestamp":1566967823000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0167527315301303"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,11]]},"references-count":21,"alternative-id":["S0167527315301303"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijcard.2015.07.020","relation":{},"ISSN":["0167-5273"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0167-5273","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Restoration of sinus rhythm results in early and late improvements in the functional reserve of the heart following direct current cardioversion of persistent AF: FRESH-AF","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"International Journal of Cardiology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijcard.2015.07.020","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}