{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T16:51:59Z","timestamp":1776963119579,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,1]],"date-time":"2018-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1519862400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,1]],"date-time":"2018-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1519862400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,16]],"date-time":"2018-02-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1518739200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Amici del Cuore association"},{"name":"CRTrieste Foundation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["IJC Heart &amp; Vasculature"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2018.02.005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,8]],"date-time":"2018-03-08T14:06:03Z","timestamp":1520517963000},"page":"52-57","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Reverse remodeling in Dilated Cardiomyopathy: Insights and future perspectives"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"M.","family":"Merlo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Caiffa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Gobbo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Adamo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Sinagra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2018.02.005_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehm342","article-title":"Classification of the cardiomyopathies: a position statement from the European Society of Cardiology Working Group on Myocardial and Pericardial Diseases","volume":"29","author":"Elliott","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2018.02.005_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1850","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehv727","article-title":"Proposal for a revised definition of dilated cardiomyopathy, hypokinetic non-dilated cardiomyopathy, and its implications for clinical practice: a position statement of the ESC working group on myocardial and pericardial diseases","volume":"37","author":"Pinto","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2018.02.005_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)31713-5","article-title":"Dilated cardiomyopathy","volume":"390","author":"Weintraub","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2018.02.005_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2996","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2016.03.590","article-title":"The diagnosis and evaluation of dilated cardiomyopathy","volume":"67","author":"Japp","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2018.02.005_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e579","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000455","article-title":"Current diagnostic and treatment strategies for specific dilated cardiomyopathies: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association","volume":"134","author":"Bozkurt","year":"2016","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2018.02.005_bb0030","first-page":"492","article-title":"Dilated (congestive) cardiomyopathy. Follow-up study of 137 patients","volume":"14","author":"Gavazzi","year":"1984","journal-title":"G. Ital. Cardiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2018.02.005_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.16","article-title":"Long-term prognostic impact of therapeutic strategies in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy: changing mortality over the last 30\u202fyears","volume":"16","author":"Merlo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur. J. Heart Fail."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2018.02.005_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacep.2016.05.002","article-title":"Early arrhythmic events in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy","author":"Losurdo","year":"2016","journal-title":"JACC Clin. Electrophysiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2018.02.005_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1468","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2010.11.030","article-title":"Prevalence and prognostic significance of left ventricular reverse remodeling in dilated cardiomyopathy receiving tailored medical treatment","volume":"57","author":"Merlo","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2018.02.005_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2011.05.033","article-title":"Clinical and demographic predictors of outcomes in recent onset dilated cardiomyopathy: results of the IMAC (Intervention in Myocarditis and Acute Cardiomyopathy)-2 study","volume":"58","author":"McNamara","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2018.02.005_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1034","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2016.01.027","article-title":"The prognostic impact of the evolution of RV function in idiopathic DCM","volume":"9","author":"Merlo","year":"2016","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc. Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2018.02.005_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2015.01.549","article-title":"Early improvement of functional mitral regurgitation in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy","volume":"115","author":"Stolfo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2018.02.005_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(96)00539-6","article-title":"Persistence of restrictive left ventricular filling pattern in dilated cardiomyopathy: an ominous prognostic sign","volume":"29","author":"Pinamonti","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2018.02.005_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(99)00630-0","article-title":"Cardiac remodeling\u2014concepts and clinical implications: a consensus paper from an international forum on cardiac remodeling. Behalf of an International Forum on Cardiac Remodeling","volume":"35","author":"Cohn","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2018.02.005_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.2459\/JCM.0b013e32832bba35","article-title":"Natural history of dilated cardiomyopathy: from asymptomatic left ventricular dysfunction to heart failure\u2014a subgroup analysis from the Trieste Cardiomyopathy Registry","volume":"10","author":"Aleksova","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Cardiovasc. Med. (Hagerstown)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2018.02.005_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1065","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2010.11.033","article-title":"Effect of left ventricular reverse remodeling on long-term prognosis after therapy with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin II receptor blockers and beta blockers in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy","volume":"107","author":"Hoshikawa","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2018.02.005_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1788","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2010.01.022","article-title":"Long-term reverse remodeling with cardiac resynchronization therapy: results of extended echocardiographic follow-up","volume":"55","author":"Verhaert","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2018.02.005_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/eut339","article-title":"Long-term outcome of \u201csuper-responder\u201d patients to cardiac resynchronization therapy","volume":"16","author":"Zecchin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2018.02.005_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2129","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehw128","article-title":"2016 ESC guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure","volume":"37","author":"Ponikowski","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2018.02.005_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2465","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2012.06.062","article-title":"Myocardial recovery and the failing heart: myth, magic, or molecular target?","volume":"60","author":"Mann","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2018.02.005_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.114.001504","article-title":"Persistent recovery of normal left ventricular function and dimension in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy during long-term follow-up: does real healing exist?","volume":"4","author":"Merlo","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Am. Heart Assoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2018.02.005_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.116.003788","article-title":"Abnormal global longitudinal strain predicts future deterioration of left ventricular function in heart failure patients with a recovered left ventricular ejection fraction","volume":"10","author":"Adamo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Circ. Heart Fail."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2018.02.005_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.86038","article-title":"Functional significance of the discordance between transcriptional profile and left ventricular structure\/function during reverse remodeling","volume":"1","author":"Topkara","year":"2016","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2018.02.005_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2016.10.014","article-title":"Comparison of patient characteristics and course of hypertensive hypokinetic cardiomyopathy versus idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy","volume":"119","author":"Bobbo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2018.02.005_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.102.5.484","article-title":"What type of beta-blocker should be used to treat chronic heart failure?","volume":"102","author":"Bristow","year":"2000","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2018.02.005_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1357","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa012630","article-title":"Myocardial gene expression in dilated cardiomyopathy treated with beta-blocking agents","volume":"346","author":"Lowes","year":"2002","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2018.02.005_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2072","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(00)01006-8","article-title":"Antiremodeling effects on the left ventricle during beta-blockade with metoprolol in the treatment of chronic heart failure","volume":"36","author":"Groenning","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2018.02.005_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-8703(00)90036-X","article-title":"Beta-blockade therapy in chronic heart failure: diastolic function and mitral regurgitation improvement by carvedilol","volume":"139","author":"Capomolla","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am. Heart J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2018.02.005_bb0145","first-page":"143","article-title":"Effects of ACE-inhibitors and beta-blockers on left ventricular remodeling in chronic heart failure","volume":"51","author":"Khattar","year":"2003","journal-title":"Minerva Cardioangiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2018.02.005_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1009492","article-title":"Eplerenone in patients with systolic heart failure and mild symptoms","volume":"364","author":"Zannad","year":"2010","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2018.02.005_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.103.1.72","article-title":"Aldosterone production is activated in failing ventricle in humans","volume":"103","author":"Mizuno","year":"2001","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2018.02.005_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2694","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.99.20.2694","article-title":"Activation of cardiac aldosterone production in rat myocardial infarction: effect of angiotensin II receptor blockade and role in cardiac fibrosis","volume":"99","author":"Silvestre","year":"1999","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2018.02.005_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1089","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2012.10.053","article-title":"Resolution of left bundle branch block-induced cardiomyopathy by cardiac resynchronization therapy","volume":"61","author":"Vaillant","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2018.02.005_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)62023-7","article-title":"Dilated cardiomyopathy","volume":"375","author":"Jefferies","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2018.02.005_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1539","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa050496","article-title":"The effect of cardiac resynchronization on morbidity and mortality in heart failure","volume":"352","author":"Cleland","year":"2005","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2018.02.005_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2384","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.003092","article-title":"Long-term evolution and prognostic stratification of biopsy-proven active myocarditis","volume":"128","author":"Anzini","year":"2013","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2018.02.005_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.genom.6.080604.162132","article-title":"The genetic basis for cardiac remodeling","volume":"6","author":"Ahmad","year":"2005","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Genomics Hum. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2018.02.005_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1704","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2016-311017","article-title":"Association between mutation status and left ventricular reverse remodelling in dilated cardiomyopathy","volume":"103","author":"Dal Ferro","year":"2017","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2018.02.005_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1448","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehs397","article-title":"Diagnostic work-up in cardiomyopathies: bridging the gap between clinical phenotypes and final diagnosis. A position statement from the ESC Working Group on Myocardial and Pericardial Diseases","volume":"34","author":"Rapezzi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2018.02.005_bb0200","article-title":"Evolving concepts in dilated cardiomyopathy","author":"Merlo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. J. Heart Fail."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2018.02.005_bb0205","first-page":"1309","article-title":"The rationale and timing of molecular genetic testing for dilated cardiomyopathy","volume":"31","author":"Morales","year":"2015","journal-title":"Can. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2018.02.005_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1623","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.002518","article-title":"The prevalence and prognostic significance of right ventricular systolic dysfunction in nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy","volume":"128","author":"Gulati","year":"2013","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2018.02.005_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1675","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.2011.225789","article-title":"Independent prognostic value of functional mitral regurgitation in patients with heart failure. A quantitative analysis of 1256 patients with ischaemic and non-ischaemic dilated cardiomyopathy","volume":"97","author":"Rossi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2018.02.005_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1287","DOI":"10.1111\/pace.12731","article-title":"Acute hemodynamic response to cardiac resynchronization in dilated cardiomyopathy: effect on late mitral regurgitation","volume":"38","author":"Stolfo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pacing Clin. Electrophysiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2018.02.005_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1450","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euu016","article-title":"New-onset left bundle branch block independently predicts long-term mortality in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy: data from the Trieste Heart Muscle Disease Registry","volume":"16","author":"Aleksova","year":"2014","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2018.02.005_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.3121\/cmr.2010.908","article-title":"Impact of atrial fibrillation on outcome of patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy: data from the Heart Muscle Disease Registry of Trieste","volume":"8","author":"Aleksova","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin. Med. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2018.02.005_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1221","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1608029","article-title":"Defibrillator implantation in patients with nonischemic systolic heart failure","volume":"375","author":"Kober","year":"2016","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2018.02.005_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"790","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCIMAGING.113.000438","article-title":"Myocardial fibrosis as a key determinant of left ventricular remodeling in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy: a contrast-enhanced cardiovascular magnetic study","volume":"6","author":"Masci","year":"2013","journal-title":"Circ. Cardiovasc. Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2018.02.005_bb0245","article-title":"Myocardial remodelling and recovery in dilated cardiomyopathy","volume":"6","author":"Tayal","year":"2017","journal-title":"JRSM Cardiovasc. Dis."}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2020.100676","type":"erratum","label":"Erratum","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]],"date-time":"2020-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606780800000}}],"container-title":["IJC Heart &amp; Vasculature"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2352906718300071?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2352906718300071?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]],"date-time":"2025-11-07T05:07:11Z","timestamp":1762492031000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2352906718300071"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]},"references-count":49,"alternative-id":["S2352906718300071"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijcha.2018.02.005","relation":{},"ISSN":["2352-9067"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2352-9067","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Reverse remodeling in Dilated Cardiomyopathy: Insights and future perspectives","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"IJC Heart & Vasculature","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijcha.2018.02.005","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}