{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T03:55:54Z","timestamp":1761710154634,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,19]],"date-time":"2025-04-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745020800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000761","name":"Imperial College London","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000761","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["IJC Heart & Vasculature"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2025.101687","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]],"date-time":"2025-04-24T16:34:46Z","timestamp":1745512486000},"page":"101687","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Comparison of mortality trends in patients with rheumatic mitral valve disease and nonrheumatic mitral valve disease: A retrospective study in US from 1999 to 2020"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Eeman","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shahzaib","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sophia","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hamza","family":"Ashraf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Umar","family":"Akram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shoaib","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Irfan","family":"Ullah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammed","family":"Khanji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wael","family":"Awad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vuyisile","family":"Nkomo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fabrizio","family":"Ricci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Bates","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Alkhalil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Raheel","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anwar A.","family":"Chahal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2025.101687_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1603693","article-title":"Global, regional, and national burden of rheumatic heart disease, 1990-2015","volume":"377","author":"Watkins","year":"2017","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2025.101687_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2982","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.11.010","article-title":"Global burden of cardiovascular diseases and risk factors, 1990-2019: update from the GBD 2019 study","volume":"76","author":"Roth","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2025.101687_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)66874-2","article-title":"Acute rheumatic fever","volume":"366","author":"Carapetis","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2025.101687_b0020","first-page":"e13","article-title":"Prevalence of mitral valve prolapse and associated valvular regurgitations in healthy teenagers undergoing screening echocardiography","volume":"15","author":"Sattur","year":"2010","journal-title":"Exp Clin Cardiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2025.101687_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0146-2806(82)90016-0","article-title":"The floppy mitral valve","volume":"7","author":"Lucas","year":"1982","journal-title":"Curr. Probl. Cardiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2025.101687_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.39.3.327","article-title":"The familial occurrence of the syndrome of mid-late systolic click and late systolic murmur","volume":"39","author":"Shell","year":"1969","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2025.101687_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"826","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-97-6-826","article-title":"Inheritance of mitral valve prolapse: effect of age and sex on gene expression","volume":"97","author":"Devereux","year":"1982","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2025.101687_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1242","DOI":"10.1086\/302624","article-title":"Mapping of a first locus for autosomal dominant myxomatous mitral-valve prolapse to chromosome 16p11.2-p12.1","volume":"65","author":"Disse","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am. J. Hum. Genet."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2025.101687_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2009.09.042","article-title":"Mitral annular calcium causing mitral stenosis","volume":"105","author":"Pressman","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am. J. Cardiol."},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2025.101687_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2831","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.290.21.2831","article-title":"Valvular dysfunction and carotid, subclavian, and coronary artery disease in survivors of Hodgkin lymphoma treated with radiation therapy","volume":"290","author":"Hull","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Am. Med. Assoc."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2025.101687_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(78)90629-X","article-title":"Anatomic types of congenital mitral stenosis: report of 49 autopsy cases with consideration of diagnosis and surgical implications","volume":"42","author":"Ruckman","year":"1978","journal-title":"Am. J. Cardiol."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2025.101687_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1007\/s11886-017-0883-5","article-title":"Mitral valve disease: a comprehensive review","volume":"19","author":"Harb","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr. Cardiol. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2025.101687_b0065","unstructured":"National Center for Health Statistics Mortality Data on CDC WONDER. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Updated April 26, 2024. Accessed May 28, 2024. https:\/\/wonder.cdc.gov\/mcd.html."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2025.101687_b0070","unstructured":"2024 ICD-10-CM Codes. https:\/\/www.icd10data.com. Accessed Apr 23, 2024."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2025.101687_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2007.11.008","article-title":"The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies","volume":"61","author":"von Elm","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Clin. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2025.101687_b0080","article-title":"2013 NCHS Urban-Rural Classification Scheme for Counties. Vital Health","volume":"2","author":"Ingram","year":"2014","journal-title":"Stat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2025.101687_b0085","unstructured":"Joinpoint Regression Program [Computer software]. Version 5.1.0.0. Statistical Research and Applications Branch, National Cancer Institute; 2024."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2025.101687_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina59061017","article-title":"Sex differences in epidemiology, morphology, mechanisms, and treatment of mitral valve regurgitation","volume":"59","author":"Tersalvi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Medicina (Kaunas)"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2025.101687_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1186\/s43044-021-00184-3","article-title":"Valvular heart diseases in women","volume":"73","author":"Youssef","year":"2021","journal-title":"Egypt Heart J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2025.101687_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"C. Nitsche, M. Koschutnik, A. Kammerlander, C. Hengstenberg, J. Mascherbauer, Gender-specific differences in valvular heart disease, Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2020 Feb;132(3-4):61-68. doi: 10.1007\/s00508-019-01603-x. Epub 2020 Jan 29. PMID: 31997064; PMCID: PMC7035223.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00508-019-01603-x"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2025.101687_b0105","article-title":"Mitral regurgitation in female patients: sex differences and disparities","volume":"2","author":"Ocher","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Soc. Cardiovasc. Angiogr. Interv."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2025.101687_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hfc.2018.08.008","article-title":"Valvular heart disease and heart failure in women","volume":"15","author":"Crousillat","year":"2019","journal-title":"Heart Fail Clin."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2025.101687_b0115","unstructured":"American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines; Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists; Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions; Society of Thoracic Surgeons; Bonow RO, Carabello BA, Kanu C, de Leon AC Jr, Faxon DP, Freed MD, Gaasch WH, Lytle BW, Nishimura RA, O'Gara PT, O'Rourke RA, Otto CM, Shah PM, Shanewise JS, Smith SC Jr, Jacobs AK, Adams CD, Anderson JL, Antman EM, Faxon DP, Fuster V, Halperin JL, Hiratzka LF, Hunt SA, Lytle BW, Nishimura R, Page RL, Riegel B. ACC\/AHA 2006 guidelines for the management of patients with valvular heart disease: a report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (writing committee to revise the 1998 Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Valvular Heart Disease): developed in collaboration with the Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists: endorsed by the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions and the Society of Thoracic Surgeons. Circulation. 2006 Aug 1;114(5):e84-231. doi: 10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.176857. Erratum in: Circulation. 2007 Apr 17;115(15):e409. Erratum in: Circulation. 2010 Jun 15;121(23):e443. PMID: 16880336."},{"issue":"10436","key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2025.101687_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1576","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(23)02755-1","article-title":"Valvular heart disease: from mechanisms to management","volume":"403","author":"Praz","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2025.101687_b0125","article-title":"Demographics and mortality trends of valvular heart disease in older adults in the United States: Insights from CDC-wonder database 1999-2019","volume":"17","author":"Ali","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Cardiol. Cardiovasc. Risk Prev."},{"issue":"25","key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2025.101687_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e3938","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000003938","article-title":"The role of age and comorbidities in postoperative outcome of mitral valve repair: A propensity-matched study","volume":"95","author":"Bonnet","year":"2016","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2025.101687_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2023.102148","article-title":"Trends in rheumatic heart disease-related mortality in the United States from 1999 to 2020","author":"Salman","year":"2024","journal-title":"Curr. Probl. Cardiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2025.101687_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Disparities in cardiovascular care: Past, present, and solutions Quentin, R.Youmans,LindseyHastings-Spaine,OluseyiPrincewill,TitilayoShobayo,Ike S.Okwuosa, Cleveland Clinic Journal of MedicineSep 2019,86(9)621-632. doi: 10.3949\/ccjm.86a.18088.","DOI":"10.3949\/ccjm.86a.18088"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2025.101687_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1186\/s12872-024-03838-7","article-title":"Investigating the interplay of smoking, cardiovascular risk factors, and overall cardiovascular disease risk: NHANES analysis 2011-2018","volume":"24","author":"Mambo","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Cardiovasc. Disord."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2025.101687_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcin.2020.08.037","article-title":"Transcatheter mitral valve repair in cardiogenic shock and mitral regurgitation: a patient-level, multicenter analysis","volume":"14","author":"Jung","year":"2021","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc. Interv."},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2025.101687_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2585","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2018.02.077","article-title":"Cardiovascular disease and homelessness","volume":"71","author":"Baggett","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2025.101687_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1136\/jech-2020-214305","article-title":"Why are black adults over-represented among individuals who have experienced lifetime homelessness? Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition analysis of homelessness among US male adults","volume":"75","author":"Rhee","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Epidemiol. Community Health."},{"issue":"37","key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2025.101687_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1186\/s40985-016-0025-4","article-title":"Improving the health of African Americans in the USA: an overdue opportunity for social justice","volume":"3","author":"Noonan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Public Health Rev."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2025.101687_b0170","first-page":"2353","article-title":"Residential segregation and the availability of primary care physicians","volume":"47","author":"Gaskin","year":"2012","journal-title":"HealthServ Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2025.101687_b0175","first-page":"1","article-title":"Regional disparities of cardiovascular risk factors and major cardiovascular events in non-electively hospitalized young adults","volume":"13","author":"Brereton","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Community Hosp. Intern. Med. Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2025.101687_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"C.A. Myers, T. Slack, C.K. Martin, S.T. Broyles, S.B. Heymsfield, Regional disparities in obesity prevalence in the United States: A spatial regime analysis, Obesity (Silver Spring). 2015 Feb;23(2):481-7. doi: 10.1002\/oby.20963. Epub 2014 Dec 17. PMID: 25521074; PMCID: PMC4310761.","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.20963"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2025.101687_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15084","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2015.84","article-title":"Acute rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease","volume":"14","author":"Carapetis","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Dis. Primers"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2025.101687_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-017-2747-5","article-title":"Rheumatic heart disease: infectious disease origin, chronic care approach","volume":"17","author":"Katzenellenbogen","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv. Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2025.101687_b0195","first-page":"357","article-title":"Ethnic differences for developing rheumatic fever in a low-income group living in Hawaii","volume":"16","author":"Kurahara","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ethn Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2025.101687_b0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"E.W. Chen, M.S. Varghese, W.C. Wu, Geographic access to cardiac rehabilitation and cardiovascular disease outcomes: A study of rural United States counties, Curr. Probl. Cardiol. 2024 Sep;49(9):102740. doi: 10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2024.102740. Epub 2024 Jul 5. PMID: 38972468.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2024.102740"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2025.101687_b0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2023\/3928966","article-title":"Rural hospital care quality and the effects of hospital closures on the health status of rural vulnerable populations: an integrative literature review","author":"Stansberry","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nurs Forum."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2025.101687_b0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1007\/s10669-022-09876-w","article-title":"Defining and analyzing health system resilience in rural jurisdictions","volume":"42","author":"Barnard","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Syst. Decis."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2025.101687_b0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"922","DOI":"10.1111\/1468-0009.12655","article-title":"Structural factors and racial\/ethnic inequities in travel times to acute care hospitals in the rural US south, 2007-2018","volume":"101","author":"Planey","year":"2023","journal-title":"Milbank Q."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2025.101687_b0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0262190","article-title":"Cost analysis of treating cardiovascular diseases in a super-specialty hospital","volume":"17","author":"Kumar","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2025.101687_b0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"HARGREAVES T, Rheumatic mitral valve disease in the elderly, Incidence found at necropsy, Br. Med. J. 1961 Aug 5;2(5248):342-5. doi: 10.1136\/bmj.2.5248.342. PMID: 13711560; PMCID: PMC1969271.","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.5248.342"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2025.101687_b0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1111\/jpc.15239","article-title":"Adherence rates and risk factors for suboptimal adherence to secondary prophylaxis for rheumatic fever","volume":"57","author":"Kevat","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Paediatr. Child Health."}],"container-title":["IJC Heart & Vasculature"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2352906725000909?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2352906725000909?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,19]],"date-time":"2025-08-19T16:02:17Z","timestamp":1755619337000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2352906725000909"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"references-count":46,"alternative-id":["S2352906725000909"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijcha.2025.101687","relation":{},"ISSN":["2352-9067"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2352-9067"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Comparison of mortality trends in patients with rheumatic mitral valve disease and nonrheumatic mitral valve disease: A retrospective study in US from 1999 to 2020","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"IJC Heart & Vasculature","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijcha.2025.101687","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"101687"}}