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Lifelong disabilities such as cerebral palsy, epilepsy, behavioral and learning disorders are some of the consequences of brain injury acquired in the perinatal periods. Inflammation and formation of free radicals appear to play key roles in neonatal HI. The aim of this study was to describe the chronological sequence of adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity, the oxidative damage changes and astrocyte response using the classic model of neonatal HI. We observed an increase in the activity of ADA and lipid peroxidation in the cerebral cortex 8 days after neonatal HI. This was accompanied by a GFAP\u2010positive, and the degree of brain damage was determined histochemically by hematoxylin\u2013eosin (HE). Taking into account the important anti\u2010inflammatory role of adenosine, ADA may provide an efficient means for scavenging cell\u2010surrounding adenosine and play an important part in subsequent events of neonatal HI in association with GFAP reactive gliosis. The present investigation showed that neonatal HI causes the increase of free radicals and significant damage in the cerebral cortex. The increase in ADA activity may reflect the activation of the immune system caused by HI because the morphological analysis exhibited a lymphocytic infiltration.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijdevneu.2009.06.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,26]],"date-time":"2009-06-26T13:49:31Z","timestamp":1246024171000},"page":"857-862","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Adenosine deaminase activity, lipid peroxidation and astrocyte responses in the cerebral cortex of rats after neonatal hypoxia ischemia"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"V.C.","family":"Pimentel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Centre Santa Maria RS Brazil"},{"name":"Departamento de An\u00e1lises Cl\u00ednicas e Toxicol\u00f3gicas Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Santa Maria RS Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.P.","family":"Bell\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Centre Santa Maria RS Brazil"},{"name":"Departamento de An\u00e1lises Cl\u00ednicas e Toxicol\u00f3gicas Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Santa Maria RS Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F.V.","family":"Pinheiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Centre Santa Maria RS Brazil"},{"name":"Departamento de An\u00e1lises Cl\u00ednicas e Toxicol\u00f3gicas Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Santa Maria RS Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.S.","family":"De Bona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Centre Santa Maria RS Brazil"},{"name":"Departamento de An\u00e1lises Cl\u00ednicas e Toxicol\u00f3gicas Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Santa Maria RS Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.C.A.","family":"Da Luz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Federal University of Santa Maria Santa Maria RS Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.B.","family":"Moretto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Centre Santa Maria RS Brazil"},{"name":"Departamento de An\u00e1lises Cl\u00ednicas e Toxicol\u00f3gicas Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Santa Maria RS Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1007\/s11302-006-9033-z","article-title":"P1 receptors and cytokine secretion","volume":"3","author":"Abbracchio M.P.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Purinergic Signal"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1568007043337247"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-7843.2009.00390.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.30.9.1916"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/JPM.2000.034"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tips.2006.10.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1159\/000067956","article-title":"Chorioamnionitis: a risk factor for fetal and neonatal morbidity","volume":"83","author":"Bracci R.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Biol. 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