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The predominant form, IGF\u20101Ea is involved in physiological processes while IGF\u20101Ec (mechano\u2010growth factor, MGF) is expressed in response to a different set of stimuli. We have identified specific changes in the expression patterns of these IGF\u20101 variants in brain development in normal rats and following neonatal hypoxia\u2013ischaemia (HI). Both IGF\u20101Ea and IGF\u20101Ec are expressed during normal postnatal brain development, albeit with highly specific temporal distributions. In contrast, HI produced increased and prolonged expression of the IGF\u20101Ec isoform only. Importantly, hypoxia alone stimulated the expression of IGF\u20101Ec as well. Thus, IGF\u20101Ec may play a role in HI pathology. Neonatal hypoxia\u2013ischaemia occurs in approximately 1:4000\u20131:10,000 newborns and causes neurological deficits in \u223c75% of those affected. Unfortunately, no specific treatment is available. IGF\u20101 is known to have neuroprotective activity and its IGF\u20101Ec variant appears to be an endogenous protective factor in hypoxia\u2013ischaemia. Therefore, IGF\u20101Ec could potentially be developed into a therapeutic modality for the attenuation or prevention of neuronal damage in this and related disorders.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijdevneu.2009.09.002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,19]],"date-time":"2009-09-19T09:12:27Z","timestamp":1253351547000},"page":"91-97","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Changes in the expression of insulin\u2010like growth factor 1 variants in the postnatal brain development and in neonatal hypoxia\u2013ischaemia"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Ma\u0142gorzata","family":"Ber\u0119sewicz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Biology Unit Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences Warsaw Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monika","family":"Majewska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Biology Unit Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences Warsaw Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dorota","family":"Makarewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurochemistry Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences Warsaw Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven","family":"Vayro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedical and Biomolecular Sciences School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences Portsmouth United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Zab\u0142ocka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Biology Unit Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences Warsaw Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dariusz C.","family":"G\u00f3recki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedical and Biomolecular Sciences School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences Portsmouth United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_3_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1100\/tsw.2006.22"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2004.02.049"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.111.1.105","article-title":"Expression of IGF\u2010I and \u2010II mRNA in the brain and craniofacial region of the rat fetus","volume":"111","author":"Ayer\u2010le Lievre C.","year":"1991","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0169-328X(91)90054-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2005.08.040"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(92)90193-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.11-11-03442.1991"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2004.02.042"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4665","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2005-0389","article-title":"Growth hormone\u2010releasing peptide hexarelin reduces neonatal brain injury and alters Akt\/glycogen synthase kinase\u20103{beta} phosphorylation","volume":"146","author":"Brywe K.G.","year":"2005","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2005.03982.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2007.04.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000014599"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0173(98)00004-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2004.02.049"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_16_1","first-page":"55","article-title":"IGF system in acute ischemic stroke","volume":"25","author":"Denti L.","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. 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