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As in other parts of the CNS, correct embryonic and postnatal development of the cerebellum is crucial for adequate performance in the adult. Cellular and molecular defects during cerebellar development can lead to severe phenotypes, such as ataxias and tumors. Knowing how the correct development occurs can shed light into the mechanisms of disease. Heparan sulfate proteoglycans are complex molecules present in every higher eukaryotic cells and changes in their level of expression as well as in their structure lead to drastic functional alterations. This work aimed to investigate changes in heparan sulfate proteoglycans expression during cerebellar development that could unveil control mechanisms. Using real time RT\u2010PCR we evaluated the expression of syndecans, glypicans and modifying enzymes by isolated cerebellar granule cell precursors, and studied the influence of soluble glial factors on the expression of those genes. We evaluated the possible involvement of <jats:italic>Runx<\/jats:italic> transcription factors in the response of granule cell precursors to glial factors. Our data show for the first time that cerebellar granule cell precursors express members of the <jats:italic>Runx<\/jats:italic> family and that the expression of those genes can also be controlled by glial factors. Our results also show that the expression of all genes studied vary during postnatal development and treatment of precursors with glial factors indicate that the expression of heparan sulfate proteoglycan genes as well as genes encoding heparan sulfate modifying enzymes can be modulated by the microenvironment, reflecting the intricate relations between neuron and glia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijdevneu.2010.07.228","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,7,17]],"date-time":"2010-07-17T08:48:45Z","timestamp":1279356525000},"page":"611-620","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Glial cells modulate heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) expression by neuronal precursors during early postnatal cerebellar development"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Ana Paula B.","family":"Araujo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Bioqu\u00edmica Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo Rua Tr\u00eas de Maio, 100 04044\u2010020 S\u00e3o Paulo SP Brazil"},{"name":"Investiga Institutos de Pesquisa, Avenida Dr. Romeu T\u00f3rtima 452, Bar\u00e3o Geraldo 13084\u2010791 Campinas SP Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria Em\u00edlia O.B.","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Bioqu\u00edmica Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo Rua Tr\u00eas de Maio, 100 04044\u2010020 S\u00e3o Paulo SP Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ritchelli","family":"Ricci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Bioqu\u00edmica Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo Rua Tr\u00eas de Maio, 100 04044\u2010020 S\u00e3o Paulo SP Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ricardo J.","family":"Torquato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Bioqu\u00edmica Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo Rua Tr\u00eas de Maio, 100 04044\u2010020 S\u00e3o Paulo SP Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leny","family":"Toma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Bioqu\u00edmica Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo Rua Tr\u00eas de Maio, 100 04044\u2010020 S\u00e3o Paulo SP Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marim\u00e9lia A.","family":"Porcionatto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Bioqu\u00edmica Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo Rua Tr\u00eas de Maio, 100 04044\u2010020 S\u00e3o Paulo SP Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,7,16]]},"reference":[{"issue":"17","key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3389","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/25.17.3389","article-title":"Gapped BLAST and PSI\u2010BLAST: a new generation of protein database search programs","volume":"25","author":"Altschul S.F.","year":"1997","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocel.2008.06.017","article-title":"Cerebellar granule cells: insights into proliferation, differentiation, and role in medulloblastoma pathogenesis","volume":"41","author":"Behesti H.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. 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