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The aim of this study was to determine if changes in hippocampal function occur in a model of birth asphyxia in the precocial spiny mouse where it is reported there is no major lesion or infarct. Further, to assess if, as in human infants, this functional deficit has a sex\u2010dependent component. At 37 days gestation (term = 39 days) spiny mice fetuses were either delivered immediately by caesarean section (control group) or exposed to 7.5 min of <jats:italic>in utero<\/jats:italic> asphyxia causing systemic acidosis and hypoxia. At 5 days of age hippocampal function was assessed <jats:italic>ex vivo<\/jats:italic> in brain slices, or brains were collected for examination of structure or protein expression. This model of birth asphyxia did not cause infarct or cystic lesion in the postnatal day 5 (P5) hippocampus, and the number of proliferating or pyknotic cells in the hippocampus was unchanged, although neuronal density in the CA1 and CA3 was increased. Protein expression of synaptophysin, brain\u2010derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and the inositol trisphosphate receptor 1 (IP<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>R1) were all significantly increased after birth asphyxia, while long\u2010term potentiation (LTP), paired pulse facilitation (PPF), and post\u2010tetanic potentiation (PTP) were all reduced at P5 by birth asphyxia. In control P5 pups, PPF and synaptic fatigue were greater in female compared to male pups, and after birth asphyxia PPF and synaptic fatigue were reduced to a greater extent in female vs. male pups. In contrast, the asphyxia\u2010induced increase in synaptophysin expression and neuronal density were greater in male pups. Thus, birth asphyxia in this precocial species causes functional deficits without major structural damage, and there is a sex\u2010dependent effect on the hippocampus. This may be a clinically relevant model for assessing treatments delivered either before or after birth to protect this vulnerable region of the developing brain.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijdevneu.2011.05.006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,2]],"date-time":"2011-06-02T14:56:57Z","timestamp":1307026617000},"page":"757-766","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Effects of birth asphyxia on neonatal hippocampal structure and function in the spiny mouse"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"B.","family":"Fleiss","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology Monash University Clayton Victoria 3800 Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H.A.","family":"Coleman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology Monash University Clayton Victoria 3800 Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Castillo\u2010Melendez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology Monash University Clayton Victoria 3800 Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Z.","family":"Ireland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology Monash University Clayton Victoria 3800 Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D.W.","family":"Walker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology Monash University Clayton Victoria 3800 Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H.C.","family":"Parkington","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology Monash University Clayton Victoria 3800 Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2006.04921.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.15-01-00511.1995","article-title":"Overexpression of synaptophysin enhances neurotransmitter secretion at Xenopus neuromuscular synapses","volume":"15","author":"Alder J.","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. 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