{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,7]],"date-time":"2023-09-07T19:53:15Z","timestamp":1694116395010},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,16]],"date-time":"2013-08-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1376611200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl J of Devlp Neuroscience"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of ischemic and hypoxic preconditioning on hypoxia\u2013ischemia (HI) in the neonatal rat. Seven\u2010day\u2010old Sprague\u2010Dawley rats were divided into four groups: control, sham, ischemic preconditioning, and hypoxic preconditioning. Ischemic preconditioning with a 10\u2010min occlusion of the right carotid artery and hypoxic preconditioning with 4\u2010h of hypoxia (8% oxygen) were performed 24\u2010h before HI. For HI, all rats underwent right carotid artery ligature, followed by 2.5\u2010h of hypoxia. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (<jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>H MRS) and TUNEL staining were evaluated at 1 and 7 days after HI. At 2 weeks after HI, all rats were sacrificed for morphological analysis. The lipid (Lip), <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2010acetyl aspartate (NAA), creatine (Cr), and choline\u2010ratios were calculated and compared with TUNEL staining and brain morphologies. Both the ischemic and hypoxic preconditioning groups showed lower Lip\/NAA and Lip\/Cr ratios and morphological scores, and fewer TUNEL\u2010positive cells than the control and sham groups (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05). There were no significant differences between the two preconditioning groups. In addition, the ratios correlated with the TUNEL staining and the degrees of morphological changes in all of the groups (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05). These results suggest that ischemic and hypoxic preconditioning in neonatal rats with HI similarly attenuate brain injury. Moreover, Lip\/NAA and Lip\/Cr ratios may be used as markers for assessing the extent of brain damage.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijdevneu.2013.08.001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,16]],"date-time":"2013-08-16T16:32:59Z","timestamp":1376670779000},"page":"616-623","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Similar neuroprotective effects of ischemic and hypoxic preconditioning on hypoxia\u2013ischemia in the neonatal rat: A proton MRS study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Hyungseok","family":"Seo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine College of Medicine University of Ulsan Asan Medical Center Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Keun Ho","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NMR Laboratory Asan Institute for Life Sciences Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jae\u2010Hyung","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine College of Medicine University of Ulsan Asan Medical Center Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sung\u2010Moon","family":"Jeong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine College of Medicine University of Ulsan Asan Medical Center Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.29.9.1937"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.1995.65031192.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.16.1.69"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms13056089"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2011.12.038"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/01.ANE.0000078576.93190.6F"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.22387"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2010.02.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2012.12.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3940(01)01616-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12264-008-0623-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn1927"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.1994.68"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1203\/pdr.0b013e3180332be4"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.11.075"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-200103000-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410130507"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2009.02.008","article-title":"Cerebral hypoxia\u2013ischemia: focus on the use of magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy in research on animals","volume":"54","author":"Juranek I.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurochem. 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