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In particular, it has been shown <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> that developing cerebellar granule neurons (CGN) die apoptotically. Apoptosis involves a series of morphological changes and the activation of caspases. Inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) is implicated in negative regulation of caspase activation and apoptotic cell death. Although apoptotic death of CGN has been extensively studied, there is no information about the role of IAPs in the developing cerebellum. Here, we studied the participation of some members of IAPs in the survival of the developing rat CGN in culture and under physiological conditions. Under these conditions, we found a differential expression pattern of cIAP\u20101, cIAP\u20102, XIAP and survivin during cerebellar development in an age\u2010dependent manner, highlighting the significant increase of XIAP levels. We also detected an interaction between XIAP and caspase 3 at postnatal day (P) 12 and 16. On the other hand, we found a significant decrease of XIAP levels in cultured CGN maintained in chronic potassium deprivation, an apoptotic condition, suggesting a possible relationship between XIAP levels and neuronal viability. Under these conditions, we also detected the interaction of XIAP with active caspase\u20103. The down\u2010regulation of XIAP in CGN cultured under survival conditions (chronic potassium depolarization) induced a reduction of cell viability and an increment of apoptotic cells. These findings support the idea that IAPs could be involved in the survival of CGN and that XIAP might be critical for neuronal survival in cerebellar development and during chronic depolarization in cultured CGN through a mechanism involving caspase inhibition.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijdevneu.2014.06.006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,21]],"date-time":"2014-06-21T01:18:09Z","timestamp":1403313489000},"page":"26-35","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Endogenous XIAP, but not other members of the inhibitory apoptosis protein family modulates cerebellar granule neurons survival"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Sugela","family":"Blancas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Divisi\u00f3n de Neurociencias Instituto de Fisiolog\u00eda Celular Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico 04510 M\u00e9xico City Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rut","family":"Fad\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de Neuroci\u00e8ncies and Dpt. Bioqu\u00edmica i Biolog\u00eda Molecular UniversitatAut\u00f2noma de Barcelona 08193 Cerdanyola del Vall\u00e8s Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Rodriguez\u2010Alvarez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de Neuroci\u00e8ncies and Dpt. 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