{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T06:14:57Z","timestamp":1776320097807,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,20]],"date-time":"2017-02-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1487548800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001077","name":"Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001077","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl J of Devlp Neuroscience"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is one of the most common causes of perinatal mortality and morbidity. White matter and neuronal injury are major pathophysiological features of the IUGR neonatal brain. GABA<jats:sub>A<\/jats:sub>(\u03b3\u2010aminobutyric acid type A) receptors have been shown to play a role in oligodendrocyte differentiation and proliferation in the neonatal brain and may be a key factor in white matter injury and myelination in IUGR neonates. Whether there are impairments to the GABAergic system and neuronal cytoskeleton in IUGR brain has yet to be elucidated. This study aims to examine GABA<jats:sub>A<\/jats:sub>receptor \u03b1<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>and \u03b1<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>subunit protein expression and distribution in parietal cortex and hippocampus of the IUGR piglet at four different ages (term = 115 d \u2013 days gestational age), 100 d, 104 d, birth (postnatal day 0\u2013P0) and P7 and to examine neuronal and myelination patterns. Significant alterations to GABA<jats:sub>A<\/jats:sub>receptor \u03b1<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>and \u03b1<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>protein expression levels were observed in the IUGR piglet brain of P7 IUGR piglets with significantly greater \u03b1<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>expression compared to \u03b1<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>expression in the hippocampus while there was virtually no difference between the two subunits in the parietal cortex. However a significantly lower \u03b1<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\/\u03b1<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>ratio was evident in P7 IUGR cortex when compared with P7 NG cortex. Neuronal somatodendrites studied using MAP2 immunohistochemistry showed reduced and disrupted somatodendrites while MBP immunolabelling showed loss of axonal fibres from gestational day 104 d through to P7. These findings provide insights into the effects of IUGR on the development of the GABA system, altered developmental maturation of GABA<jats:sub>A<\/jats:sub>receptor subunit expression in the IUGR brain may influence myelination and may partly explain the cognitive disabilities observed in IUGR. Understanding the mechanisms behind grey and white matter injury in the IUGR infant is essential to identifying targets for treatments to improve long\u2010term outcomes for IUGR infants.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijdevneu.2017.02.004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,21]],"date-time":"2017-02-21T04:00:37Z","timestamp":1487649637000},"page":"1-9","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["GABA<sub>A<\/sub>receptor expression and white matter disruption in intrauterine growth restricted piglets"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Viskasari P.","family":"Kalanjati","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Perinatal Research Centre Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital Brisbane Queensland 4029 Australia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Airlangga University Surabaya Indonesia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julie A.","family":"Wixey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Perinatal Research Centre Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital Brisbane Queensland 4029 Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephanie M.","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Perinatal Research Centre Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital Brisbane Queensland 4029 Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul B.","family":"Colditz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Perinatal Research Centre Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital Brisbane Queensland 4029 Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stella T.","family":"Bjorkman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Perinatal Research Centre Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital Brisbane Queensland 4029 Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","series-title":"What Works? A Review of the Efficacy and Effectiveness of Nutrition Interventions","first-page":"5","volume-title":"Preventing low birth weight","author":"Allen L.H.","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/mol.115.100594"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-2779(1997)3:1<96::AID-MRDD12>3.0.CO;2-M"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.22-02-00455.2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(93)90505-F"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0940-2993(98)80071-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0736-5748(88)90036-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn920"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1750-3639.2007.00107.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(95)00398-A"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410340511"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-328X(01)00042-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2014.3028"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2009.06.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2009.06.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000271911"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-3782(79)90022-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1873","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2008.167635","article-title":"Defining the role of GABA in cortical development","volume":"587","author":"Doris D.W.","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1219","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(89)90670-4","article-title":"Plasma amino acids in appropriate\u2010 and small\u2010for\u2010gestational\u2010age fetuses","volume":"161","author":"Economides DL N.K.","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0068763"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2010.07.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/PHN10.1979\/2002351"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/elps.201500385"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrdd.10007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(03)00477-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-3782(01)00189-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9861(19960408)367:3<413::AID-CNE7>3.0.CO;2-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.08-04-01370.1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000326630"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1085\/jgp.200910317"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00968708"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(89)90383-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.12-11-04151.1992"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(97)78280-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchemneu.2009.12.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2008.02.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.01264.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2004.09.042"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2010.5.PEDS1032"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(91)80936-W"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jpi.12121"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jnc.13746"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(89)81623-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dev.20053"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"996","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(89)90770-9","article-title":"Blood\u2010gases, pH, and lactate in appropriate\u2010 and small\u2010for\u2010gestational\u2010age fetuses","volume":"161","author":"Nicolaides KH E.D.","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.jnen.0000187052.81889.57"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2007.01.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2011.01.032"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bht431"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_51_1","article-title":"Intrauterine growth restriction: identification and management","volume":"58","author":"Peleg D.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am. Fam. Phys."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/pr.2015.4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4695(19971120)33:6<781::AID-NEU6>3.0.CO;2-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1373.2000.22314.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.12-08-02888.1992"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1016\/S0026-895X(25)00452-3","article-title":"Influence of recombinant GABAA receptor subunit composition on the action of allosteric modulators of gamma\u2010aminobutyric acid\u2010gated Cl\u2010currents","volume":"39","author":"Puia G.","year":"1991","journal-title":"Mol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/NEN.0b013e31825cfa81"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1460-9568.1998.00022.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1568026023393507"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spen.2007.08.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-200309150-00015"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devbrainres.2003.11.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000047125"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-6336(02)80002-X","article-title":"Development of the human cerebral cortex: a histochemical study","volume":"38","author":"Tiu S.C.","year":"2002","journal-title":"Prog. Histochem. Cytochem."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2011.08.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1203\/01.PDR.0000128983.54614.7E"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(90)90145-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1016\/S0026-895X(25)10020-5","article-title":"Formation of heteromeric gamma\u2010aminobutyric acid type A receptors containing two different \u03b1 subunits","volume":"45","author":"Verdoorn T.A.","year":"1994","journal-title":"Mol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/NEN.0b013e3182496429"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-1-4160-3995-2.10001-9","volume-title":"Neurology of the Newborn","author":"Volpe J.J.","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_71_1","first-page":"245","volume-title":"Neurology of the Newborn","author":"Volpe J.J.","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/NEN.0b013e3182020b7b"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_73_1","first-page":"30642","article-title":"Neuroinflammation in intrauterine growth restriction","volume":"0143","author":"Wixey J.A.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/274072a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9861(19970421)380:4<495::AID-CNE6>3.0.CO;2-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(88)90036-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.3990"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0736574816303598?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0736574816303598?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1016%2Fj.ijdevneu.2017.02.004","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1016\/j.ijdevneu.2017.02.004","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1016\/j.ijdevneu.2017.02.004","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1016\/j.ijdevneu.2017.02.004","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,15]],"date-time":"2025-06-15T14:44:53Z","timestamp":1749998693000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1016\/j.ijdevneu.2017.02.004"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,20]]},"references-count":76,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1016\/j.ijdevneu.2017.02.004"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijdevneu.2017.02.004","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0736-5748","1873-474X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0736-5748","type":"print"},{"value":"1873-474X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2016-12-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2017-02-15","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2017-02-20","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}