{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T18:15:31Z","timestamp":1786990531691,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":152,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,8]],"date-time":"2017-07-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1499472000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl J of Devlp Neuroscience"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Hemoglobin (Hb) expression in the central nervous system is recently shown. Cooccurences of mental disorders (mainly bipolar disorder (BD) and tic disorders) with \u03b2\u2010 or \u03b1\u2010thalassemia trait or erythrocytosis were witnessed, which may be due to peripheral or central hypoxia\/hyperoxia or haplotypal gene interactions. \u03b2\u2010Globin genes reside at 11p15.5 close to tyrosine hydroxylase, dopamine receptor DRD4 and Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor, which involve in psychiatric diseases. \u03b1\u2010Globin genes reside at 16p13.3 which associates with BD, tic disorders, ATR\u201016 Syndrome and Rubinstein Taybi Syndrome (RTS). CREB\u2010Binding Protein (\n                    <jats:italic>CEBBP<\/jats:italic>\n                    )\u2010gene is mutated in RTS, which commonly associates with mood disorders. 16p13.3 region also contains\n                    <jats:italic>GRIN2A<\/jats:italic>\n                    gene encoding\n                    <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010methyl\u2010\n                    <jats:sc>d<\/jats:sc>\n                    \u2010aspartate receptor\u20102A and\n                    <jats:italic>SSTR5<\/jats:italic>\n                    (Somatostatin Receptor\u20105), again involving in mental disorders. We demonstrated a protective role of minor HbA2 against post\u2010partum episodes in BD and association of higher minor HbF (fetal hemoglobin) levels with family history of psychosis in a BD\u2010patient cohort. HbA2 increases in cardiac ischemia and in mountain dwellers indicating its likely protection against ischemia\/hypoxia. HMGIY, a repressive transcription factor of \u03b4\u2010globin chain of HbA2 is increased in lymphocytes of schizophrenics. In autism, deletional mutations were found in\n                    <jats:italic>BCL11A<\/jats:italic>\n                    gene, which cause persistence of HbF at high levels in adulthood. Also, certain polymorphisms in\n                    <jats:italic>BCL11A<\/jats:italic>\n                    strongly associate with schizophrenia. Further, many drugs from anabolic steroids to antimalarial agents elevate HbF and may cause mania. We ascribe a protective role to HbA2 and a maladaptive detrimental role to HbF in psychopathology. We believe that future studies on hemoglobins may pave to discover novel pathogenesis mechanisms in mental disorders.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijdevneu.2017.06.007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,8]],"date-time":"2017-07-08T04:15:49Z","timestamp":1499487349000},"page":"73-85","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Hemoglobins emerging roles in mental disorders. Metabolical, genetical and immunological aspects"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"Meric A.","family":"Altinoz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroacademy Research Group Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bahri","family":"Ince","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Bakirkoy Education and Research Hospital for Psychiatry Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,8]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_4_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2013.06.042","article-title":"Minor hemoglobins HbA2 and HbF associate with disease severity in bipolar disorder with a likely protective role of HbA2 against post\u2010partum episodes","volume":"151","author":"\u0130nce B.","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Affect. 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