{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T21:11:56Z","timestamp":1777497116876,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,5]],"date-time":"2008-12-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1228435200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Intl J Gynecology &amp; Obste"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To compare the effects of low\u2010dose oral contraceptives used alone and in combination with a gonadotropin\u2010releasing hormone (GnRH) analog to treat heavy menstrual bleeding.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fifty\u2010eight patients with heavy menstrual bleeding were prospectively randomized into two treatment groups to receive either a low\u2010dose oral contraceptive alone (group 1), or combined with a GnRH analog (group 2) for 6\u00a0months. The patients' hormonal profiles, and hemoglobin and hematocrit levels were measured at the beginning and at the end of the treatment period.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hemoglobin and hematocrit levels significantly improved in both groups after 6\u00a0months of treatment (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05 and <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.01, respectively). Even in the first month of the study, the number of pads used and the duration of menstruation were significantly decreased in both groups and markedly lower in group 2 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.01).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The addition of a GnRH analog to low\u2010dose oral contraceptive treatment for heavy menstrual bleeding resulted in better control of vaginal bleeding, even in the first month of therapy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2008.10.032","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,6]],"date-time":"2008-12-06T09:24:02Z","timestamp":1228555442000},"page":"236-239","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Gonadotropin\u2010releasing hormone analog combined with a low\u2010dose oral contraceptive to treat heavy menstrual bleeding"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"104","author":[{"given":"Nadire N.","family":"Cetin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Onur","family":"Karabacak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Umit","family":"Korucuoglu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nese","family":"Karabacak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,5]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-8545(21)00218-7","article-title":"Menorrhagia","volume":"17","author":"Long C.A.","year":"1990","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol Clin N Am"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(96)80085-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/del478"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2007.01.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(96)80082-2"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_5_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1016\/S0095-4543(21)01276-8","article-title":"Dysfunctional uterine bleeding","volume":"15","author":"Field C.F.","year":"1988","journal-title":"Prim Care"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-8545(00)80017-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7292(01)00417-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003081-199309000-00023"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1991.tb15369.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-8545(00)80021-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003081-199309000-00018"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1992.tb13538.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(90)90440-I"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09513590601015101"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_2","volume-title":"Clinical Guideline","author":"National Collaborating Centre for Women's and Children's Health","year":"2007"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Gynecology &amp; 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