{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,11]],"date-time":"2025-06-11T23:47:24Z","timestamp":1749685644958},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,5]],"date-time":"2009-02-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1233792000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Intl J Gynecology &amp; Obste"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To assess the accuracy of cervical screening with visual inspection and cytology testing, and the cure rate of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) after treatment, in a rural population in North India.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A cross\u2010sectional study evaluated the detection rates of CIN 2 and CIN 3 lesions by cytology testing and by visual inspection of the cervix following the application of 5% acetic acid (VIA) or Lugol's iodine (VILI). It also evaluated the cure rates following treatment of CIN.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of 5050 women approached in 17 villages, 3000 (59.4%) participated (range, 41%\u201391%). Of these, 14.2% were positive by VIA, 15.6% by VILI, and 5.4% by cytology testing at ASCUS threshold, and 37 women were diagnosed as having CIN 1 and 20 as having CIN 2 or CIN 3. Detection rates of CIN 2 or 3 using VIA, VILI, and cytologic findings of ASCUS and LSIL were 3.7, 3.3, 4.5, and 4.2 per 1000 women, respectively, and 91.4% of the treated women were cured.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Both VIA and VILI were found to be accurate screening tests and the cure rates for CIN were satisfactory.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2008.12.010","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,11]],"date-time":"2009-02-11T20:09:56Z","timestamp":1234382996000},"page":"145-149","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Evaluation of cervical screening in rural North India"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"105","author":[{"given":"Neerja","family":"Bhatla","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arti","family":"Gulati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sandeep R.","family":"Mathur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sangita","family":"Rani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Krishnan","family":"Anand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Muwonge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rengaswamy","family":"Sankaranarayanan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","volume-title":"Cancer Incidence, Mortality and Prevalence Worldwide","author":"Ferlay J.","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","first-page":"160","article-title":"Cancer Incidence in Five Continents","volume":"9","author":"Curado M.P.","year":"2007","journal-title":"IARC Sci Publ"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.21109"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2008.05.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2005.01.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","volume-title":"A practical manual on visual screening for cervical neoplasia","author":"Sankaranarayanan R.","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","volume-title":"Colposcopy and Treatment on Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia: A Beginners' Manual","author":"Sellors J.W.","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.287.16.2114"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","volume-title":"Pathology and genetics of tumours of the breast and female genital organs","author":"Tavassoli F.A.","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","series-title":"IARC Handbooks on Cancer Prevention","volume-title":"Cervix cancer screening","author":"International Agency for Research on Cancer","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-509X.35811"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-509X.12342","article-title":"Visual inspection for cervical cancer screening: evaluation by doctor versus paramedical worker","volume":"41","author":"Bhatla N.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Indian J Cancer"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","first-page":"441","article-title":"Cervical cancer screening by simple visual inspection after acetic acid","volume":"98","author":"Belinson J.L.","year":"2001","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(20000815)89:4<826::AID-CNCR15>3.0.CO;2-5"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","first-page":"186","article-title":"Concurrent evaluation of visual, cytological and HPV testing as screening methods for the early detection of cervical neoplasia in Mumbai, India","volume":"83","author":"Shastri S.S.","year":"2005","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.20190"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/0969141054855328"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.21972"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)61195-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6603633"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_2","unstructured":"Alliance for Cervical Cancer Prevention.Effectiveness Safety and Acceptability of Cryotherapy: A Systematic Literature ReviewCervical Cancer Prevention Issues in Depth No.1.2003.http:\/\/www.path.org\/files\/RH_cryo_white_paper.pdf"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Gynecology &amp; 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