{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T00:43:49Z","timestamp":1785199429302,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,6]],"date-time":"2011-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1304640000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Intl J Gynecology &amp; Obste"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To compare the characteristics of urogenital fistulae after cesarean delivery with those after spontaneous vaginal delivery.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A retrospective analysis of hospital records of 597 consecutive patients with a urogenital fistula who received treatment at Panzi Hospital, Bukavu, Democratic Republic of Congo, during 2005\u20132007.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of 576 women with an obstetric fistula, 229 (40%) had had a cesarean delivery; 55 (24%) of the 229 fistulae were considered to be iatrogenic. The distribution of risk factors (age, stature, parity, and labor duration) was similar to that among 226 women with a spontaneous vaginal delivery, but the odds ratios for having a ureterovaginal or a vesicouterine fistula were 11.9 (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.8\u201351.2) and 9.5 (95% CI 2.8\u201331.9), respectively. Vesicovaginal fistulae with cervical involvement were also significantly more frequent in the cesarean delivery group. The fistulae in this group had less surrounding fibrosis and there was less treatment delay. Stillbirth rates were 87% (cesarean delivery) and 95% (spontaneous vaginal delivery).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The data indicate that cesarean delivery\u2010related fistulae are a separate clinical entity. Focus on this condition is important for fistula prevention and provision of adequate obstetric care, particularly for training in surgery and alternative delivery methods.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2011.01.018","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,9]],"date-time":"2011-05-09T04:35:57Z","timestamp":1304915757000},"page":"10-14","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["Cesarean delivery\u2010related fistulae in the Democratic Republic of Congo"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"114","author":[{"given":"Mathias","family":"Onsrud","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Solbj\u00f8rg","family":"Sj\u00f8veian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Denis","family":"Mukwege","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)69476-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016341003801698"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2004.02.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2007.06.037"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-536X.2006.00118.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","unstructured":"International Rescue Committee.Mortality in Eastern DRC: results from five mortality surveys.www.rescue.orghttp:\/\/www.theirc.org\/resources\/mortality_I_report.pdf Published 2008"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","first-page":"1078","article-title":"Changed attitude to obstetric delivery help in Eastern Congo","volume":"128","author":"Onsrud M.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Tidsskr Nor Legeforen"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-007-0389-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","volume-title":"Rapport Annuel de la Chirurgie 2004 \u2013 Victimes Violence Sexuelle","author":"Panzi Hospital\/VVS project","year":"2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000220500.83528.6e"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00016340802014748"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2008.07.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1997.tb11986.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1024443822378"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(57)90384-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)66457-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016348409154643"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0412.2003.00095.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2003.08.037"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016349.2010.487893"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_6_22_2","first-page":"459","article-title":"Hysterectomy at the time of cesarean section: analysis of 108 cases","volume":"58","author":"Plauch\u00e9 W.C.","year":"1981","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016349009021046"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-007-0426-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2006.01.033"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Gynecology &amp; 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