{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,10]],"date-time":"2026-05-10T14:49:00Z","timestamp":1778424540483,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,13]],"date-time":"2013-07-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1373673600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,1]],"date-time":"2015-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1441065600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":780,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ijgo.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl J Gynecology &amp; Obste"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To estimate the accuracy of self\u2010screening for contraindications to combined oral contraceptive pills (COCs) and to estimate the proportion of women with contraindications to hormonal methods among those using drug shops in Tanzania.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Trained nurses interviewed 1651 women aged 18\u201339 years who self\u2010screened for contraindications to COCs with the help of a poster at drug shops in Tanzania. Nurse assessment of the women served as the gold standard for comparison with self\u2010assessment. Blood pressure was also measured onsite.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Nurses reported that 437 (26.5%) women were not eligible to use COCs, compared with 485 (29.4%) according to self\u2010report. Overall, 133 (8.1%) women who said that they were eligible were deemed ineligible by nurses. The rate of ineligibility was artificially high owing to participant and nurse assessments that were incorrectly based on adverse effects of pill use and cultural reasons, and because of the sampling procedure, which intercepted women regardless of their reasons for visiting the drug shop. Adjusted rates of ineligibility were 8.6% and 12.7%, respectively, according to nurse and participant assessment. Both nurses and women underestimated the prevalence of hypertension in the present group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Self\u2010screening among women in rural and peri\u2010urban Tanzania with regard to contraindications to COC use was comparable to assessment by trained nurses.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2013.04.024","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,13]],"date-time":"2013-07-13T11:30:28Z","timestamp":1373715028000},"page":"37-41","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Women's ability to self\u2010screen for contraindications to combined oral contraceptive pills in Tanzanian drug shops"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"123","author":[{"given":"Dawn","family":"Chin\u2010Quee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Esther","family":"Ngadaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amos","family":"Kahwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Mwinyiheri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Conrad","family":"Otterness","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sayoki","family":"Mfinanga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kavita","family":"Nanda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.83.8.1092"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006254-199506000-00001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","first-page":"193","volume-title":"Contraceptive Technology","author":"Nelson A.L.","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(92)92505-A"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1783\/147118908783332203"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e31818345f0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2005.12.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2648268"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","unstructured":"The United Republic of Tanzania Ministry of Health and Social Welfare Human Resource For Health Strategic Plan 2008 \u2013 2013.http:\/\/hdptz.esealtd.com\/fileadmin\/documents\/Key_Sector_Documents\/HRH_Documents\/Human_Resources_for_Health_Strategic_Plan\u2010_2008\u20102013_.pdf Published January 2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","unstructured":"National Bureau of Statistics ICF Macro Tanzania Demographic and Health Survey 2010.http:\/\/www.nbs.go.tz\/takwimu\/references\/2010TDHS.pdf Published April 2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1728-4465.2006.00098.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2009.179887"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e31820b0244"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","unstructured":"WHO Medical eligibility criteria for contraceptive use \u2013 fourth edition 2009.http:\/\/whqlibdoc.who.int\/publications\/2010\/9789241563888_eng.pdf Published 2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2007.06.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e3181fae39f"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","unstructured":"Population Reference Bureau United States & International Profiles: Africa\u2010 Sub\u2010Saharan.http:\/\/www.prb.org\/DataFinder\/Geography\/Data.aspx?loc=247 Accessed March 13 2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2010.08.013"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Gynecology &amp; 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