{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T18:35:21Z","timestamp":1772994921186,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,4]],"date-time":"2013-12-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1386115200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,1]],"date-time":"2015-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1441065600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":636,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ijgo.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl J Gynecology &amp; Obste"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To test a novel set of pelvic trainers for realism and construct validity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Seven models of the female pelvis were studied. Participants performed speculum and bimanual examinations, documented their findings, and recorded opinions of the models in a structured questionnaire. Results were analyzed by participant grade (inexperienced and experienced).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty\u2010six inexperienced and 24 experienced gynecologists participated. Experienced doctors were more likely to correctly identify the uterus corresponding to 16 weeks of gestation (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001), the large fibroid uterus (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.01), and uterine anteversion (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.04). Identification of the uterus containing a small fibroid, the uterus corresponding to 10 weeks of gestation, and an adnexal cyst was low overall (&lt; 35%) and not significantly different between the groups. Correct identification of cervical findings (ectropion and polyp) was high in both groups (65%\u201388%). Experienced doctors were more consistent\u2014with 17 (71%) reporting the same correct finding on a repeated model, compared with 8 (31%) inexperienced doctors. Forty\u2010nine (98%) doctors completed the structured questionnaire, 36 (73%) of whom felt the models were realistic.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The models were found to be realistic and have construct validity. Senior participants were consistent at correctly identifying most abnormalities. The models may be useful for pelvic examination training; further testing is required regarding their ability to aid learning of clinical and communication skills.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2013.09.016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,5]],"date-time":"2013-12-05T03:47:53Z","timestamp":1386215273000},"page":"270-273","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Realism and construct validity of novel pelvic models of common gynecologic conditions"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"124","author":[{"given":"Sian","family":"Edwards","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gemma","family":"Cass","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Erik","family":"Lenguerrand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Fox","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joanna","family":"Crofts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2923.2009.03608.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001888-200311000-00019"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1743-498X.2007.00179_1.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.327.7428.1389"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2923.1997.tb02566.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-004-8202-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-003-0035-4"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","first-page":"593","article-title":"Accuracy of the pelvic examination in detecting adnexal masses","volume":"96","author":"Padilla L.A.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1197\/jamia.M1107"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2004.09.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/qshc.2006.021873"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01421590500046379"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2929.2006.02612.x"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Gynecology &amp; 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