{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T05:26:53Z","timestamp":1778218013386,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,15]],"date-time":"2014-06-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1402790400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,15]],"date-time":"2014-06-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1402790400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,1]],"date-time":"2015-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1441065600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":443,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ijgo.org","clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.fr","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl J Gynecology &amp; Obste"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To identify microbes prevalent in the genital tract of pregnant women with preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) and to assess the susceptibility of the microbial isolates to a range of antibiotics to determine appropriate antibiotics for treating cases of PPROM in resource\u2010limited settings.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A prospective cross\u2010sectional study was undertaken involving women with (n = 105) and without (n = 105) a confirmed diagnosis of PPROM admitted to Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, southeast Nigeria, between January 1, 2011, and April 30, 2013. Endocervical swabs were collected from all participants and examined microbiologically. Antibiotic sensitivity testing was performed using Kirby\u2013Bauer disk diffusion.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Streptococcus<\/jats:italic> spp., <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic> were significantly more prevalent among women with PPROM than among those without PPROM (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.01). Among the antibiotics considered safe to use during pregnancy, the bacteria were most sensitive to ampicillin\u2010sulbactam, cefixime, cefuroxime, and erythromycin.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>For the first 48 hours, women with PPROM should receive an intravenous dose combining ampicillin\u2010sulbactam, cefixime, cefuroxime, or erythromycin with metronidazole followed by oral administration of the chosen antibiotic combination to complete a 7\u2010day course.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2014.04.016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,16]],"date-time":"2014-06-16T20:19:52Z","timestamp":1402949992000},"page":"10-14","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Antibiotic susceptibility pattern of genital tract bacteria in pregnant women with preterm premature rupture of membranes in a resource\u2010limited setting"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"127","author":[{"given":"George U.","family":"Eleje","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joseph I.","family":"Adinma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Samuel","family":"Ghasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joseph I.","family":"Ikechebelu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anthony O.","family":"Igwegbe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John E.","family":"Okonkwo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Charles I.","family":"Okafor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chukwuemeka O.","family":"Ezeama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ifeanyichukwu U.","family":"Ezebialu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chukwuanugo N.","family":"Ogbuagu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","first-page":"423","volume-title":"Preterm Labour and Premature Rupture of Membranes","author":"Orhue A.A.E.","year":"2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","first-page":"430","volume-title":"Premature Rupture of Fetal Membranes","author":"Odunsi A.","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01443610601016875"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","first-page":"197","article-title":"Comparison of fern and evaporation tests for detection of ruptured fetal membranes","volume":"13","author":"Hosseini M.A.","year":"2007","journal-title":"East Mediterr Health J"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/tropej\/fmp051"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","first-page":"63","article-title":"Factors influencing the incidence of pre\u2010term birth in Calabar, Nigeria","volume":"20","author":"Etuk S.J.","year":"2005","journal-title":"Niger J Physiol Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01443610500314876"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","first-page":"CD001058","article-title":"Antibiotics for preterm rupture of membranes","volume":"2","author":"Kenyon S.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)04233-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1997.03550120049032"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","first-page":"11","article-title":"Contemporary diagnosis and management of preterm premature rupture of membranes","volume":"1","author":"Caughey A.B.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Rev Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.317.7159.647"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1007","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000263888.69178.1f","article-title":"ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 80: premature rupture of membranes. 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