{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T15:45:38Z","timestamp":1792165538474,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,1]],"date-time":"2019-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1554076800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,1]],"date-time":"2019-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1554076800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["17YF1416100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["17YF1416100"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["21628701"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21628701"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2017YFC1600500"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017YFC1600500"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018YFC1002801"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018YFC1002801"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2016YFC1000505"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016YFC1000505"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,1]],"date-time":"2019-02-01T06:29:07Z","timestamp":1549002547000},"page":"513-523","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Prenatal polybrominated diphenyl ethers exposure and anogenital distance in boys from a Shanghai birth cohort"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"222","author":[{"given":"Min","family":"Luan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fen","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aimin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Honglei","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheng","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maohua","family":"Miao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2013.11.009","article-title":"Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in UK human milk: implications for infant exposure and relationship to external exposure","volume":"63","author":"Abdallah","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medcli.2010.03.024","article-title":"[Anogenital distance in newborns: a sensitive marker of prenatal hormonal disruption]","volume":"137","author":"Agramunt","year":"2011","journal-title":"Med. Clin."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1016\/S0045-6535(01)00224-7","article-title":"The significance of brominated flame retardants in the environment: current understanding, issues and challenges","volume":"46","author":"Alaee","year":"2002","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.08.034","article-title":"Prenatal exposure to phthalates and phenols and infant endocrine-sensitive outcomes: The MIREC study","volume":"120","author":"Arbuckle","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1024","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2005.12.056","article-title":"Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in South China maternal and fetal blood and breast milk","volume":"144","author":"Bi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20802","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-018-2158-0","article-title":"Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in cord blood and perinatal outcomes from Laizhou Wan Birth Cohort, China","volume":"25","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. Int."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.2478\/s13382-013-0138-7","article-title":"Effects of polybrominated diphenyl ethers on thyroid hormone, neurodevelopment and fertility in rodents and humans","volume":"26","author":"Czerska","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Occup. Med. Environ. Health"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.01109s149","article-title":"Polybrominated diphenyl ethers: occurrence, dietary exposure, and toxicology","volume":"109","author":"Darnerud","year":"2001","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1016\/S0045-6535(01)00225-9","article-title":"An overview of brominated flame retardants in the environment","volume":"46","author":"de Wit","year":"2002","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2015.06.008","article-title":"Association between prenatal exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers and young children's neurodevelopment in China","volume":"142","author":"Ding","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2011.10.041","article-title":"The relationship between anogenital distance and reproductive hormone levels in adult men","volume":"187","author":"Eisenberg","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1205597","article-title":"In utero and childhood polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) exposures and neurodevelopment in the CHAMACOS study","volume":"121","author":"Eskenazi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"issue":"2 Pt B","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2016.11.001","article-title":"In utero and childhood DDT, DDE, PBDE and PCBs exposure and sex hormones in adolescent boys: The CHAMACOS study","volume":"220","author":"Eskenazi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Hyg Environ. Health"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1301","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2011.05.028","article-title":"Human maternal and umbilical cord blood concentrations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers","volume":"84","author":"Foster","year":"2011","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2008.04.005","article-title":"Human internal and external exposure to PBDEs--a review of levels and sources","volume":"212","author":"Frederiksen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. J. Hyg Environ. Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/S0890-6238(99)00036-2","article-title":"Interpreting the toxicologic significance of alterations in anogenital distance: potential for confounding effects of progeny body weights","volume":"13","author":"Gallavan","year":"1999","journal-title":"Reprod. Toxicol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1159\/000492236","article-title":"Prenatal exposure to persistent organic pollutants and anogenital distance in children at 18 months","volume":"90","author":"Garcia-Villarino","year":"2018","journal-title":"Horm Res Paediatr"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"057004","DOI":"10.1289\/EHP522","article-title":"A case-control study of maternal polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) exposure and cryptorchidism in canadian populations","volume":"125","author":"Goodyer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1016\/S0045-6535(01)00237-5","article-title":"Potential role of fire retardant-treated polyurethane foam as a source of brominated diphenyl ethers to the US environment","volume":"46","author":"Hale","year":"2002","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfj187","article-title":"In vitro profiling of the endocrine-disrupting potency of brominated flame retardants","volume":"92","author":"Hamers","year":"2006","journal-title":"Toxicol. Sci."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.200700104","article-title":"Biotransformation of brominated flame retardants into potentially endocrine-disrupting metabolites, with special attention to 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47)","volume":"52","author":"Hamers","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mol. Nutr. Food Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2017.01.003","article-title":"Association of prenatal and childhood PBDE exposure with timing of puberty in boys and girls","volume":"100","author":"Harley","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1794","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.10333","article-title":"Determinants of prenatal exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in an urban population","volume":"115","author":"Herbstman","year":"2007","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.0901340","article-title":"Prenatal exposure to PBDEs and neurodevelopment","volume":"118","author":"Herbstman","year":"2010","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1021\/es035082g","article-title":"Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in the environment and in people: a meta-analysis of concentrations","volume":"38","author":"Hites","year":"2004","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1656","DOI":"10.1289\/EHP201","article-title":"Lactational exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers and its relation to early childhood anthropometric measurements","volume":"124","author":"Hoffman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1007\/s11934-008-0025-0","article-title":"Associations among hypospadias, cryptorchidism, anogenital distance, and endocrine disruption","volume":"9","author":"Hsieh","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr. Urol. Rep."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2008.05.012","article-title":"Association between prenatal exposure to phthalates and the health of newborns","volume":"35","author":"Huang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2343","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/det286","article-title":"Shorter anogenital distance correlates with undescended testis: a detailed genital anthropometric analysis in human newborns","volume":"28","author":"Jain","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1107","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1509870","article-title":"Prenatal exposure to phthalates and anogenital distance in male infants from a low-exposed Danish cohort (2010-2012)","volume":"124","author":"Jensen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2017.07.006","article-title":"Perinatal exposure to 2,2',4'4' -Tetrabromodiphenyl ether induces testicular toxicity in adult rats","volume":"389","author":"Khalil","year":"2017","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfq105","article-title":"Developmental exposure to a commercial PBDE mixture, DE-71: neurobehavioral, hormonal, and reproductive effects","volume":"116","author":"Kodavanti","year":"2010","journal-title":"Toxicol. Sci."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/gar051","article-title":"DAX-1 and DAX-1A expression in human testicular tissues with primary spermatogenic failure","volume":"17","author":"Lardone","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol. Hum. Reprod."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2008.05.019","article-title":"Levels of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in breast milk from Beijing, China","volume":"73","author":"Li","year":"2008","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2010.10.002","article-title":"Negative associations between PBDE levels and thyroid hormones in cord blood","volume":"214","author":"Lin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. J. Hyg Environ. Health"},{"issue":"5\u201312","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2011.04.019","article-title":"In vitro profiling of endocrine disrupting potency of 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE47) and related hydroxylated analogs (HO-PBDEs)","volume":"63","author":"Liu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mar. Pollut. Bull."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1015","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwk109","article-title":"In utero exposure to the antiandrogen 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene (DDE) in relation to anogenital distance in male newborns from Chiapas, Mexico","volume":"165","author":"Longnecker","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.4274\/jcrpe.4817","article-title":"High Prenatal Exposure to Bisphenol A Reduces Anogenital Distance in Healthy Male Newborns","volume":"10","author":"Mammadov","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1251","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2014-1654","article-title":"Androgens inhibit aromatase expression through DAX-1: insights into the molecular link between hormone balance and Leydig cancer development","volume":"156","author":"Maris","year":"2015","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1111\/andr.12059","article-title":"Is anogenital distance associated with semen quality in male partners of subfertile couples?","volume":"3","author":"Mendiola","year":"2015","journal-title":"Andrology"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"958","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1103421","article-title":"Shorter anogenital distance predicts poorer semen quality in young men in Rochester, New York","volume":"119","author":"Mendiola","year":"2011","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.22845","article-title":"In utero exposure to bisphenol-A and anogenital distance of male offspring","volume":"91","author":"Miao","year":"2011","journal-title":"Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.01109229","article-title":"Abnormalities of sexual development in male rats with in utero and lactational exposure to the antiandrogenic plasticizer Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate","volume":"109","author":"Moore","year":"2001","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1509693","article-title":"Environmental Chemicals in Urine and Blood: Improving Methods for Creatinine and Lipid Adjustment","volume":"124","author":"O'Brien","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-9384(95)00107-T","article-title":"Urine marking and maternal aggression of wild female mice in relation to anogenital distance at birth","volume":"58","author":"Palanza","year":"1995","journal-title":"Physiol. Behav."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1111\/ppe.12022","article-title":"Anogenital distances in newborns and children from Spain and Greece: predictors, tracking and reliability","volume":"27","author":"Papadopoulou","year":"2013","journal-title":"Paediatr. Perinat. Epidemiol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01055015","article-title":"Chlorinated hydrocarbon levels in human serum: effects of fasting and feeding","volume":"18","author":"Phillips","year":"1989","journal-title":"Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1038\/pr.2017.287","article-title":"Anogenital distance as a phenotypic signature through infancy","volume":"83","author":"Priskorn","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pediatr. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1308016","article-title":"Preconception maternal and paternal exposure to persistent organic pollutants and birth size: the LIFE study","volume":"123","author":"Robledo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-069X-3-8","article-title":"Anogenital distance in human male and female newborns: a descriptive, cross-sectional study","volume":"3","author":"Salazar-Martinez","year":"2004","journal-title":"Environ. Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2014.11.018","article-title":"Anogenital distance and penile width measurements in The Infant Development and the Environment Study (TIDES): methods and predictors","volume":"11","author":"Sathyanarayana","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Pediatr. Urol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.1038\/aja.2012.27","article-title":"A pilot study of the association between genetic polymorphisms involved in estrogen signaling and infant male genital phenotypes","volume":"14","author":"Sathyanarayana","year":"2012","journal-title":"Asian J. Androl."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.7640","article-title":"Lipid adjustment in the analysis of environmental contaminants and human health risks","volume":"113","author":"Schisterman","year":"2005","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2018.01.161","article-title":"Legacy and emerging brominated flame retardants in China: A review on food and human milk contamination, human dietary exposure and risk assessment","volume":"198","author":"Shi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1406","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dew115","article-title":"Shorter anogenital distance correlates with the severity of hypospadias in pre-pubertal boys","volume":"31","author":"Singal","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib61","first-page":"654","article-title":"Retrospective time-trend study of polybrominated diphenyl ether and polybrominated and polychlorinated biphenyl levels in human serum from the United States","volume":"112","author":"Sjodin","year":"2004","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.114.119362","article-title":"DAX1\/NR0B1 was expressed during mammalian gonadal development and gametogenesis before it was recruited to the eutherian X chromosome","volume":"92","author":"Stickels","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biol. Reprod."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2005.05.010","article-title":"In vivo and in vitro anti-androgenic effects of DE-71, a commercial polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) mixture","volume":"207","author":"Stoker","year":"2005","journal-title":"Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"Pt 1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.08.055","article-title":"Maternal exposure to bisphenol A and anogenital distance throughout infancy: A longitudinal study from Shanghai, China","volume":"121","author":"Sun","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1056","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.8100","article-title":"Decrease in anogenital distance among male infants with prenatal phthalate exposure","volume":"113","author":"Swan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deu363","article-title":"First trimester phthalate exposure and anogenital distance in newborns","volume":"30","author":"Swan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1786","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.0900881","article-title":"Anogenital distance from birth to 2 years: a population study","volume":"117","author":"Thankamony","year":"2009","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"616","DOI":"10.1111\/andr.12156","article-title":"Anogenital distance as a marker of androgen exposure in humans","volume":"4","author":"Thankamony","year":"2016","journal-title":"Andrology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.06.015","article-title":"Determinants of plasma concentrations of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances in pregnant women from a birth cohort in Shanghai, China","volume":"119","author":"Tian","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2587","DOI":"10.1007\/s10653-018-0125-9","article-title":"Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in core sediments from creek ecosystem: occurrence, geochronology, and source contribution","volume":"40","author":"Tiwari","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Geochem. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1454.004","article-title":"Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene exposure during the first trimester of pregnancy alters the anal position in male infants","volume":"1140","author":"Torres-Sanchez","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2011-1050","article-title":"Hormones and endocrine-disrupting chemicals: low-dose effects and nonmonotonic dose responses","volume":"33","author":"Vandenberg","year":"2012","journal-title":"Endocr. Rev."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1891","DOI":"10.1289\/EHP139","article-title":"Prenatal polybrominated diphenyl ether exposure and body mass index in children up to 8 years of age","volume":"124","author":"Vuong","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2017.11.008","article-title":"Exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and child behavior: Current findings and future directions","volume":"101","author":"Vuong","year":"2018","journal-title":"Horm. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2018.09.015","article-title":"Determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers and novel brominated flame retardants in human serum by gas chromatography-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization-tandem mass spectrometry","volume":"1099","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib76","series-title":"WHO Child Growth Standards: Growth Velocity Based on Weight, Length and Head Circumference","author":"WHO","year":"2009"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1021\/es9024518","article-title":"Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in umbilical cord blood and relevant factors in neonates from Guiyu, China","volume":"44","author":"Wu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.13595","article-title":"Association Between Paternal Alcohol Consumption Before Conception and Anogenital Distance of Offspring","volume":"42","author":"Xia","year":"2018","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin. Exp. Res."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2011.04.010","article-title":"Insights into the structural and conformational requirements of polybrominated diphenyl ethers and metabolites as potential estrogens based on molecular docking","volume":"84","author":"Yang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2011.03.041","article-title":"A national survey of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and indicator polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in Chinese mothers' milk","volume":"84","author":"Zhang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2017.03.010","article-title":"High-fat diet aggravates 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether-inhibited testosterone production via DAX-1 in Leydig cells in rats","volume":"323","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0126989","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0126989","article-title":"The Correlation between Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs) and Thyroid Hormones in the General Population: A Meta-Analysis","volume":"10","author":"Zhao","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph14030268","article-title":"Correlation between prenatal exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and infant birth outcomes: a meta-analysis and an experimental study","volume":"14","author":"Zhao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Publ. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2018.02.121","article-title":"Umbilical cord blood PBDEs concentrations in relation to placental size at birth","volume":"201","author":"Zhao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chemosphere"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1438463918307934?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1438463918307934?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T02:36:05Z","timestamp":1778812565000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1438463918307934"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]},"references-count":79,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S1438463918307934"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008","relation":{},"ISSN":["1438-4639"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1438-4639","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Prenatal polybrominated diphenyl ethers exposure and anogenital distance in boys from a Shanghai birth cohort","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.01.008","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2019 Published by Elsevier GmbH.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}