{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,25]],"date-time":"2026-04-25T07:00:05Z","timestamp":1777100405870,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["52070187"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52070187"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2025.114702","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T15:51:48Z","timestamp":1761493908000},"page":"114702","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Bioaerosols from outdoor wastewater treatment facilities: dispersal behavior, exposure risks and protection strategies"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"271","author":[{"given":"Jingyun","family":"Ge","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tong","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huili","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhongcai","family":"Lun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Changren","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Caixia","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yanjie","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"P2","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2025.114702_bib1","article-title":"Quantitative microbial risk assessment and sensitivity analysis for workers exposed to pathogenic bacterial bioaerosols under various aeration modes in two wastewater treatment plants","volume":"755","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2025.114702_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2826","DOI":"10.4209\/aaqr.2017.11.0466","article-title":"Seasonal variation in culturable bioaerosols in a wastewater treatment plant","volume":"18","author":"Dehghani","year":"2018","journal-title":"Aerosol Air Qual. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2025.114702_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.uclim.2024.101883","article-title":"Modeling the long-range transmission of airborne bioaerosol releases in a high-density urban environment","volume":"55","author":"Dong","year":"2024","journal-title":"Urban Clim."},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2025.114702_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4597","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2005.08.010","article-title":"Changes at an activated sludge sewage treatment plant alter the numbers of airborne aerobic microorganisms","volume":"39","author":"Fernando","year":"2005","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2025.114702_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2024.135629","article-title":"Diffusion behavior and transport risk of bioaerosol particles in a domestic waste landfill site in an arid and cold region of northwestern China","volume":"479","author":"Gao","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Hazard Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2025.114702_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2015.09.018","article-title":"Review of bioaerosols in indoor environment with special reference to sampling, analysis and control mechanisms","volume":"85","author":"Ghosh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2025.114702_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2022.113689","article-title":"Seasonal variation of quantitative microbial risk assessment for three airborne enteric bacteria from wastewater treatment plant emissions","volume":"240","author":"Gui","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2025.114702_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1575","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jes.2014.06.001","article-title":"Reduction and characterization of bioaerosols in a wastewater treatment station via ventilation","volume":"26","author":"Guo","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Environ. Sci."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2025.114702_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.2175\/106143017X14839994523181","article-title":"Risks from ebolavirus discharge from hospitals to sewer workers","volume":"89","author":"Haas","year":"2017","journal-title":"Water Environ. Res."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2025.114702_bib10","first-page":"30","article-title":"Composition, dispersion, and health risks of bioaerosols in wastewater treatment plants: a review","volume":"15","author":"Han","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Environ. Sci. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2025.114702_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2018.11.018","article-title":"Bioaerosols emission and exposure risk of a wastewater treatment plant with A2O treatment process","volume":"169","author":"Han","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2025.114702_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2020.115571","article-title":"Study of the generation and diffusion of bioaerosol under two aeration conditions","volume":"267","author":"Han","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2025.114702_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2019.115324","article-title":"Effect of aeration mode on aerosol characteristics from the same wastewater treatment plant","volume":"170","author":"Han","year":"2020","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2025.114702_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2024.121646","article-title":"Transport and risk of airborne pathogenic microorganisms in the process of decentralized sewage discharge and treatment","volume":"256","author":"Han","year":"2024","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2025.114702_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eti.2025.104452","article-title":"Bioaerosol emission characteristics from an underground wastewater treatment plant: distribution, microbial population, influencing factors and health risk assessment","volume":"40","author":"Hu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Environ. Technol. Innov."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2025.114702_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s10453-022-09740-z","article-title":"Airborne bacteria and fungi in a wastewater treatment plant: type and characterization of bio-aerosols, emission characterization and mapping","volume":"38","author":"Jari","year":"2022","journal-title":"Aerobiologia"},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2025.114702_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2003.11.021","article-title":"The effects of meteorological factors on atmospheric bioaerosol concentrations--a review","volume":"326","author":"Jones","year":"2004","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2025.114702_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3065","DOI":"10.1007\/s10163-023-01740-6","article-title":"Estimating uncertainties in the life cycle assessment of composting household biowaste and urban green waste in Germany","volume":"25","author":"Joseph","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Mater. Cycles Waste Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2025.114702_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2014.10.005","article-title":"A review on the human health impact of airborne particulate matter","volume":"74","author":"Kim","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2025.114702_bib20","first-page":"211","article-title":"Assessment of airborne microorganisms in a swine wastewater treatment plant","volume":"17","author":"Kim","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2025.114702_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/gcbb.13179","article-title":"Uncertainties in greenhouse gas emission factors: a comprehensive analysis of switchgrass\u2010based biofuel production","volume":"16","author":"Kim","year":"2024","journal-title":"GCB Bioenergy"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2025.114702_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2841","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2009.03.050","article-title":"Determination of emitted airborne microorganisms from a BIO-PAK wastewater treatment plant","volume":"43","author":"Korzeniewska","year":"2009","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2025.114702_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2181","DOI":"10.1007\/s13762-017-1314-2","article-title":"Characteristics of airborne bacteria and fungi in some Polish wastewater treatment plants","volume":"14","author":"Kowalski","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2025.114702_bib24","article-title":"A state-of-the-art review on WWTP associated bioaerosols: microbial diversity, potential emission stages, dispersion factors, and control strategies","volume":"410","author":"Kumar","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Hazard Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2025.114702_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2021.110798","article-title":"Characteristics of microbial aerosol particles dispersed downwind from rural sanitation facilities: size distribution, source tracking and exposure risk","volume":"195","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2025.114702_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.173096","article-title":"Characteristics of bioaerosol emissions from a municipal wastewater treatment plant: health risk assessment and microbial composition","volume":"934","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2025.114702_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2023.117760","article-title":"Bioaerosol-related studies in wastewater treatment plant with anaerobic-anoxic-oxic processes: characterization, source analysis, control measures","volume":"339","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2025.114702_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2023.121338","article-title":"Dispersion characteristics of bioaerosols during treatment of rural solid waste in northwest China","volume":"324","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2025.114702_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"976","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psep.2022.03.007","article-title":"Bioaerosols dispersed from a typical wastewater treatment plant with a membrane bioreactor: emission characteristics, source analysis and health risk","volume":"160","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Process Saf. Environ. Prot."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2025.114702_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.uclim.2025.102431","article-title":"Multi-stage risk assessment and evacuation strategy for promoting urban resilience in the face of bioaerosol leakage under various meteorological information","volume":"61","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Urban Clim."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2025.114702_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.buildenv.2024.112420","article-title":"Wind tunnel experiments on bioaerosol dispersion and exposure risk assessment in wastewater treatment plants under natural ventilation","volume":"269","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Build. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2025.114702_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2023.114120","article-title":"Estimating the restraint of SARS-CoV-2 spread using a conventional medical air-cleaning device: based on an experiment in a typical dental clinical setting","volume":"248","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Hyg Environ. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2025.114702_bib33","article-title":"Seasonal variation characteristics of inhalable bacteria in bioaerosols and antibiotic resistance genes in harbin","volume":"446","author":"Ma","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Hazard Mater."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2025.114702_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1007\/s10661-018-7035-2","article-title":"Comparison of wastewater treatment plants based on the emissions of microbiological contaminants","volume":"190","author":"Micha\u0142kiewicz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Monit. Assess."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2025.114702_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1039\/D3EY00179B","article-title":"Photocatalytic inactivation technologies for bioaerosols: advances and perspective","volume":"2","author":"Peng","year":"2024","journal-title":"EES Catalysis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2025.114702_bib36","series-title":"Exposure Factors Handbook of Chinese Population (Children)","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2025.114702_bib37","series-title":"Exposure Factors Handbook of Chinese Population(Adults)","year":"2013"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2025.114702_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.02.006","article-title":"Bioaerosol exposure from composting facilities and health outcomes in workers and in the community: a systematic review update","volume":"222","author":"Robertson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Hyg Environ. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2025.114702_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mex.2024.103088","article-title":"Non-carcinogenic health risks assessment of bioaerosols","volume":"14","author":"Siddique","year":"2025","journal-title":"MethodsX"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2025.114702_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.121202","article-title":"Bioaerosol emissions from wastewater treatment process at urban environment and potential health impacts","volume":"361","author":"Vishwakarma","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manag."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2025.114702_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1163","DOI":"10.1039\/D4VA00108G","article-title":"Size-segregated characteristics of bioaerosols during foggy and non-foggy days of winter, meteorological implications, and health risk assessment","volume":"3","author":"Vishwakarma","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2025.114702_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.125892","article-title":"Quantitative microbial risk assessment for on-site employees in a wastewater treatment plant and implicated surrounding residents exposed to S. aureus bioaerosols","volume":"371","author":"Wan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2025.114702_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2019.114862","article-title":"Characteristics and formation mechanism of intestinal bacteria particles emitted from aerated wastewater treatment tanks","volume":"163","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2025.114702_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2024.124608","article-title":"Comparative analysis of bioaerosol emissions: seasonal dynamics and exposure risks in hospital vs. municipal wastewater treatment systems","volume":"359","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2025.114702_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2024.121764","article-title":"Global diversity of airborne pathogenic bacteria and fungi from wastewater treatment plants","volume":"258","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2025.114702_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2022.113823","article-title":"The generation characteristics, pattern, and exposure risk of bioaerosol emitted in an A2O process wastewater treatment plant","volume":"241","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2025.114702_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2023.119624","article-title":"ADMS simulation and influencing factors of bioaerosol diffusion from BRT under different aeration modes in six wastewater treatment plants","volume":"231","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2025.114702_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.129117","article-title":"Emission characteristics of bioaerosol and quantitative microbiological risk assessment for equipping individuals with various personal protective equipment in a WWTP","volume":"265","author":"Yan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2025.114702_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2018.11.027","article-title":"Airborne bacteria in a wastewater treatment plant: emission characterization, source analysis and health risk assessment","volume":"149","author":"Yang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2025.114702_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1080\/07388551.2019.1682964","article-title":"Recent development of advanced biotechnology for wastewater treatment","volume":"40","author":"Yi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Biotechnol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2025.114702_bib51","first-page":"79","article-title":"Aerosol diffusion characteristics in closed and ventilated spaces","volume":"39","author":"Yin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2025.114702_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2023.132234","article-title":"Culturable and inhalable airborne bacteria in a semiunderground municipal wastewater treatment plant: distribution, transmission, and health risk assessment","volume":"459","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Hazard Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2025.114702_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.buildenv.2025.113056","article-title":"Indoor and outdoor bioaerosol distributions and concentration profiles during different seasons and pollution events in Qingdao city","volume":"279","author":"Zhao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Build. Environ."},{"issue":"Pt 1","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2025.114702_bib54","article-title":"Bioaerosols emission characteristics from wastewater treatment aeration tanks and associated health risk exposure assessment during autumn and winter","volume":"851","author":"Zhao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2025.114702_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2024.117294","article-title":"Bioaerosol emission and exposure risk from a wastewater treatment plant in winter and spring","volume":"287","author":"Zhao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2025.114702_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41558-024-02176-y","article-title":"Increasing aerosol emissions from boreal biomass burning exacerbate Arctic warming","volume":"14","author":"Zhong","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Clim. Change"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1438463925001841?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1438463925001841?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T16:19:59Z","timestamp":1773245999000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1438463925001841"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"references-count":56,"alternative-id":["S1438463925001841"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijheh.2025.114702","relation":{},"ISSN":["1438-4639"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1438-4639","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Bioaerosols from outdoor wastewater treatment facilities: dispersal behavior, exposure risks and protection strategies","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijheh.2025.114702","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier GmbH. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"114702"}}