{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T12:57:45Z","timestamp":1785589065799,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,1]],"date-time":"2008-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1220227200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,16]],"date-time":"2013-07-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1373932800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1779,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Infectious Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2008.01.010","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,9]],"date-time":"2008-04-09T14:02:25Z","timestamp":1207749745000},"page":"495-499","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Prevalence of hepatitis B virus markers among blood donors in a tertiary hospital in Tabuk, northwestern Saudi Arabia"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Kamel E.","family":"El Beltagy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ibrahem A.","family":"Al Balawi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maha","family":"Almuneef","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ziad A.","family":"Memish","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2008.01.010_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"s20","DOI":"10.1016\/S0264-410X(99)00456-9","article-title":"HBV Epidemiology in Asia, the Middle East and Africa","volume":"1","author":"Andre","year":"2000","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2008.01.010_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E3","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1746.2000.02124.x","article-title":"Epidemiology of HBV infection in the Asia-Pacific Region","volume":"15","author":"Chen","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Gastroentrol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2008.01.010_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1016\/S0264-410X(00)00193-6","article-title":"Hepatitis A and B in children and adolescents, what can we learn from Puglia (Italy) and Catalonia (Spain)?","volume":"19","author":"Lopalco","year":"2001","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2008.01.010_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"924","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2001.65.924","article-title":"Safety of blood supply for infectious disease in Latin American countries 1994\u201397","volume":"65","author":"Schmunis","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2008.01.010_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.5144\/0256-4947.1988.474","article-title":"HBV infection in Saudi Arabia","volume":"8","author":"Faleh","year":"1988","journal-title":"Ann Saudi Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2008.01.010_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.5144\/0256-4947.1999.87","article-title":"HBV surface gene mutants and their emerging role in the efficacy of HBV vaccination program","volume":"19","author":"Shobokshi","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ann Saudi Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2008.01.010_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/0163-4453(92)93006-C","article-title":"Seroepidemiology of HBV virus infection in Saudi Arabian children: a baseline survey for mass vaccination against hepatitis B","volume":"24","author":"Faleh","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2008.01.010_bib8","first-page":"236","article-title":"The prevalence of HBV surface antigen in healthy subjects resident in the eastern Province of Saudi Arabia","volume":"6","author":"Fathalla","year":"1985","journal-title":"Saudi Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2008.01.010_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.1890170308","article-title":"HBV virus in Jizan, Saudi Arabia","volume":"17","author":"Arya","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2008.01.010_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.5144\/0256-4947.1986.185","article-title":"HBV markers in Saudi Arabia: a comparative study in different regions","volume":"6","author":"El Hazmi","year":"1986","journal-title":"Ann Saudi Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2008.01.010_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.5144\/0256-4947.1988.470","article-title":"HBV virus marker among the blood donors in Medina Munawara","volume":"8","author":"Ikram","year":"1988","journal-title":"Ann Saudi Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2008.01.010_bib12","first-page":"56","article-title":"HBV in Saudi Arabia","volume":"92","author":"El Hazmi","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2008.01.010_bib13","first-page":"945","article-title":"Seroprevalence of hepatitis A virus markers in Eastern Saudi Arabia","volume":"21","author":"Fatahalla","year":"2000","journal-title":"Saudi Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2008.01.010_bib14","first-page":"991","article-title":"The decline of HBV viral infection in South-Western Saudi Arabia","volume":"24","author":"Ayoola","year":"2003","journal-title":"Saudi Medical J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2008.01.010_bib15","first-page":"621","article-title":"Prevalence of markers of HBV infection in various countries: a WHO collaborative study","volume":"58","author":"Sobeslavsky","year":"1980","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2008.01.010_bib16","series-title":"Viral hepatitis and liver disease","first-page":"435","article-title":"Perspectives on viral hepatitis elimination in Europe","author":"Papaevangelou","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2008.01.010_bib17","first-page":"393","article-title":"Prevalence of hepatitis virus antibodies among intravenous drug abusers and prostitutes in Damascus","volume":"23","author":"Othman","year":"2002","journal-title":"Syria. Saudi Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2008.01.010_bib18","first-page":"1090","article-title":"Prevalence of HBV and C among blood donors and high risk groups in Hajjah, Yemen Republic","volume":"23","author":"Haider","year":"2002","journal-title":"Saudi Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2008.01.010_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1993.49.440","article-title":"Risk factors associated with a high seroprevalence of hepatitis C virus infection in Egyptian blood donors","volume":"49","author":"Darwish","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2008.01.010_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1423-0410.1997.7320070.x","article-title":"Markers for transfusion transmissible infections in North Indian voluntary and replacement blood donors: prevalence and trends 1989\u20131996","volume":"73","author":"Nanu","year":"1997","journal-title":"Vox Sang"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2008.01.010_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/S0163-4453(99)90245-1","article-title":"Seroepidemiology of hepatitis B virus infection in Saudi children 8 years after a mass hepatitis B vaccination programme","volume":"38","author":"Al-Faleh","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2008.01.010_bib22","series-title":"Viral hepatitis and liver disease","first-page":"161","article-title":"Viral hepatitis in Africa","author":"Ayoola","year":"1988"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1201971208000441?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1201971208000441?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,30]],"date-time":"2018-12-30T12:27:04Z","timestamp":1546172824000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1201971208000441"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,9]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S1201971208000441"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijid.2008.01.010","relation":{},"ISSN":["1201-9712"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1201-9712","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,9]]}}}