{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T06:06:59Z","timestamp":1791180419292,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,1]],"date-time":"2010-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1283299200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,1]],"date-time":"2010-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1283299200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,16]],"date-time":"2013-07-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1373932800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1049,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R21DA024381"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21DA024381"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01DA019829"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01DA019829"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K01DA022923"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K01DA022923"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","ijidonline.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Infectious Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.02.2238","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,12]],"date-time":"2010-04-12T03:32:18Z","timestamp":1271043138000},"page":"e117-e122","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"special_numbering":"S3","title":["High prevalence of abscesses and self-treatment among injection drug users in Tijuana, Mexico"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Robin A.","family":"Pollini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuel","family":"Gallardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samreen","family":"Hasan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joshua","family":"Minuto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Remedios","family":"Lozada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alicia","family":"Vera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda Luisa","family":"Z\u00fa\u00f1iga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steffanie A.","family":"Strathdee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.02.2238_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.1016\/0895-4356(96)00180-1","article-title":"Human immunodeficiency virus infection and other risk factors for skin abscesses and endocarditis among injection drug users","volume":"49","author":"Spijkerman","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.02.2238_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1086\/313703","article-title":"High prevalence of abscesses and cellulitis among community-recruited injection drug users in San Francisco","volume":"30","author":"Binswanger","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.02.2238_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7517-2-24","article-title":"Prevalence and correlates of abscesses among a cohort of injection drug users","volume":"2","author":"Lloyd-Smith","year":"2005","journal-title":"Harm Reduct J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.02.2238_bib4","first-page":"595","article-title":"Bacterial infections and skin cleaning prior to injection among intravenous drug users","volume":"107","author":"Vlahov","year":"1992","journal-title":"Public Health Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.02.2238_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2008.08.016","article-title":"Prevalences and correlates of non-viral injecting-related injuries and diseases in a convenience sample of Australian injecting drug users","volume":"100","author":"Dwyer","year":"2009","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.02.2238_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-8-405","article-title":"Risk factors for developing a cutaneous injection-related infection among injection drug users: a cohort study","volume":"8","author":"Lloyd-Smith","year":"2008","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.02.2238_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1093\/jurban\/jtg127","article-title":"Type and location of injection drug use-related soft tissue infections predict hospitalization","volume":"80","author":"Takahashi","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Urban Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.02.2238_bib8","first-page":"415","article-title":"Hospital utilization and costs in a cohort of injection drug users","volume":"165","author":"Palepu","year":"2001","journal-title":"Can Med Assoc J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.02.2238_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Soft tissue infections among injection drug users\u2014San Francisco, California, 1996-2000. JAMA 2001; 285:2707-9.","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.285.21.2707"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.02.2238_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1915","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.92.12.1915","article-title":"Expanding harm reduction services through a wound and abscess clinic","volume":"92","author":"Grau","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.02.2238_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1086\/320879","article-title":"Risk factors for skin and soft-tissue abscesses among injection drug users: a case\u2013control study","volume":"33","author":"Murphy","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.02.2238_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1753-6405.2008.00163.x","article-title":"Prevalence and predictors of injecting-related injury and disease among clients of Australia's needle and syringe programs","volume":"32","author":"Topp","year":"2008","journal-title":"Aust N Z J Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.02.2238_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1080\/10550490701862944","article-title":"The color of meth: is it related to adverse health outcomes? An exploratory study in Tijuana","volume":"17","author":"Strathdee","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mexico. Am J Addict"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.02.2238_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.279.11.859","article-title":"Wound botulism associated with black tar heroin among injecting drug users","volume":"279","author":"Passaro","year":"1998","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.02.2238_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0b013e318160d5ae","article-title":"Individual, social, and environmental influences associated with HIV infection among injection drug users in Tijuana, Mexico","volume":"47","author":"Strathdee","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.02.2238_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.2307\/3096941","article-title":"Respondent-driven sampling: a new approach to the study of hidden populations","volume":"44","author":"Heckathorn","year":"1997","journal-title":"Soc Probl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.02.2238_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.47.3.1137-1139.2003","article-title":"In vitro susceptibilities of Shigella flexneri and Streptococcus pyogenes to inner gel of aloe barbadensis","volume":"47","author":"Ferro","year":"2003","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.02.2238_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1080\/10590500600614303","article-title":"An evaluation of the biological and toxicological properties of Aloe barbadensis Aloe vera","volume":"24","author":"Boudreau","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Environ Sci Health C"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.02.2238_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1599","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules13081599","article-title":"Composition and applications of Aloe vera leaf gel","volume":"13","author":"Hamman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.02.2238_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1730","DOI":"10.1086\/425019","article-title":"Community-adapted methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA): population dynamics of an expanding community reservoir of MRSA","volume":"190","author":"Carleton","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.02.2238_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1086\/338069","article-title":"Population-based community prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in the urban poor of San Francisco","volume":"34","author":"Charlebois","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.02.2238_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2362","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa043252","article-title":"Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus disease in three communities","volume":"352","author":"Fridkin","year":"2005","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.02.2238_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2006.08.034","article-title":"Lap dancer's lament: an occupational hazard related to community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"49","author":"Roberts","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.02.2238_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa042859","article-title":"A clone of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus among professional football players","volume":"352","author":"Kazakova","year":"2005","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.02.2238_bib25","first-page":"135","article-title":"Risk factors for community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus skin infections among HIV-positive men who have sex with men","volume":"41","author":"Lee","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.02.2238_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.158.8.895","article-title":"Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a high school wrestling team and the surrounding community","volume":"158","author":"Lindenmayer","year":"1998","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.02.2238_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa055356","article-title":"Methicillin-resistant S. aureus infections among patients in the emergency department","volume":"355","author":"Moran","year":"2006","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.02.2238_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1086\/345436","article-title":"Community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: a meta-analysis of prevalence and risk factors","volume":"36","author":"Salgado","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.02.2238_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2007.02051.x","article-title":"Syringe possession arrests are associated with receptive syringe sharing in two Mexico\u2013US border cities","volume":"103","author":"Pollini","year":"2008","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.02.2238_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/S0955-3959(98)00076-0","article-title":"Collateral damage in the war on drugs: HIV risk behaviors among injection drug users","volume":"10","author":"Bluthenthal","year":"1999","journal-title":"Int J Drug Policy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.02.2238_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2004.12.030","article-title":"The impact of a police drug crackdown on drug injectors\u2019 ability to practice harm reduction: a qualitative study","volume":"61","author":"Cooper","year":"2005","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.02.2238_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1016\/S1353-8292(01)00024-7","article-title":"Safety becomes danger: dilemmas of drug-use in public space","volume":"7","author":"Dovey","year":"2001","journal-title":"Health Place"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.02.2238_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/S0277-9536(02)00521-X","article-title":"Situational factors influencing drug injecting, risk reduction and syringe exchange in Togliatti City, Russian Federation: a qualitative study of micro risk environment","volume":"57","author":"Rhodes","year":"2003","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"issue":"3 Suppl 4","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.02.2238_bib34","first-page":"iv58","article-title":"Vivo para consumirla y la consumo para vivir\u201d [\u201cI live to inject and inject to live\u201d]: high-risk injection behaviors in Tijuana","volume":"82","author":"Strathdee","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mexico. J Urban Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.02.2238_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1707","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1311.070148","article-title":"Methamphetamine use and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus skin infections","volume":"13","author":"Cohen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.02.2238_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1097\/00042560-199609000-00012","article-title":"Crack cocaine smoking and oral sores in three inner-city neighborhoods","volume":"13","author":"Faruque","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.02.2238_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1478-3231.2008.01688.x","article-title":"High prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection among noninjecting drug users: association with sharing the inhalation implements of crack","volume":"28","author":"Macias","year":"2008","journal-title":"Liver Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.02.2238_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0b013e3282f16a8c","article-title":"Hepatitis C virus transmission among oral crack users: viral detection on crack paraphernalia","volume":"20","author":"Fischer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1201971210023064?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1201971210023064?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T17:11:18Z","timestamp":1778519478000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1201971210023064"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,9]]},"references-count":38,"alternative-id":["S1201971210023064"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.02.2238","relation":{},"ISSN":["1201-9712"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1201-9712","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"High prevalence of abscesses and self-treatment among injection drug users in Tijuana, Mexico","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.02.2238","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2010 International Society for Infectious Diseases. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}