{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T20:03:42Z","timestamp":1770840222230,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,1]],"date-time":"2010-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1285891200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,16]],"date-time":"2013-07-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1373932800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1019,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Infectious Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.07.001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,8,9]],"date-time":"2010-08-09T08:24:32Z","timestamp":1281342272000},"page":"e876-e880","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Changing demography of leprosy: Kuwait needs to be vigilant"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Nawaf","family":"Al-Mutairi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Azari","family":"Al-Doukhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mahmoud S.","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"El-Khelwany","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmad","family":"Al-Haddad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.07.001_bib0005","first-page":"477","article-title":"Multidrug therapy\u2014the pathway for global leprosy elimination","volume":"72","author":"Al-Qubati","year":"2000","journal-title":"Indian J Lepr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.07.001_bib0010","first-page":"1","article-title":"Elimination of leprosy as a public health problem: progress and prospects","volume":"73","author":"Noordeen","year":"1995","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.07.001_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.47276\/lr.77.4.295","article-title":"Global leprosy statistics: a cause for pride, or frustration?","volume":"77","author":"Fine","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lepr Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.07.001_bib0020","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Global leprosy situation. Wkly Epidemiol Rec 2006; 81:307-16."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.07.001_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1742","DOI":"10.1086\/421268","article-title":"Globalization of infectious diseases: the impact of migration","volume":"38","author":"Gushulak","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.07.001_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/hci079","article-title":"Leprosy in Briton: 50 years experience in Liverpool","volume":"98","author":"Gill","year":"2005","journal-title":"Q J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.07.001_bib0035","first-page":"119","article-title":"Leprosy in England and Wales","volume":"2","author":"Van Buynder","year":"1999","journal-title":"Commun Dis Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.07.001_bib0040","first-page":"335","article-title":"Immigration and leprosy in Hawaii, 1960\u20131981","volume":"50","author":"Worth","year":"1982","journal-title":"Int J Lepr Other Mycobact Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.07.001_bib0045","first-page":"255","article-title":"Classification of leprosy according to immunity. A five-group system","volume":"34","author":"Ridley","year":"1966","journal-title":"Int J Lepr Other Mycobact Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.07.001_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2003.11.072","article-title":"An update on the diagnosis and treatment of leprosy","volume":"51","author":"Moschella","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.07.001_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1080\/00034983.1990.11812503","article-title":"Leprosy in Kuwait: an epidemiological study of new cases","volume":"84","author":"Al-Kandari","year":"1990","journal-title":"Ann Trop Med Parasitol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.07.001_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.5025\/hansen.70.25","article-title":"Present leprosy situation in India and the decade long experience of this correspondent","volume":"70","author":"Mandal","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nihon Hansenbyo Gakkai Zasshi"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.07.001_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1901","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1978.03280450073034","article-title":"Latent and chronic infections imported from Southeast Asia","volume":"239","author":"Barrett-Connor","year":"1978","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.07.001_bib0070","first-page":"672","article-title":"Current epidemiology of leprosy","volume":"102","author":"Murthy","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Indian Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.07.001_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4362.1991.tb04224.x","article-title":"Leprosy in Qatar","volume":"30","author":"Mahmoud","year":"1991","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.07.001_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"920","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1999.61.920","article-title":"Infectious and tropical diseases in Oman: a review","volume":"61","author":"Scrimgeour","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.07.001_bib0085","first-page":"379","article-title":"Leprosy in Saudi Arabia, 1986\u201389","volume":"61","author":"Ibrahim","year":"1990","journal-title":"Lepr Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.07.001_bib0090","first-page":"405","article-title":"Leprosy in Saudi Arabia","volume":"78","author":"Al Aboud","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lepr Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.07.001_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"930","DOI":"10.1086\/319357","article-title":"Update on leprosy in immigrants in the United States: status in the year 2000","volume":"32","author":"Ooi","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.07.001_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1078\/0065-1281-00606","article-title":"Leprosy in Israel: an imported disease\u2014the support of histopathological examination for its detection","volume":"103","author":"Lejbkowicz","year":"2001","journal-title":"Acta Histochem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.07.001_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"906","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2004.02040.x","article-title":"Clinico-pathological study of 12 cases of patients with leprosy admitted to Sina Hospital, Hamadan, Iran, from 1991 to 2000","volume":"43","author":"Farshchian","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.07.001_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.4103\/0378-6323.42892","article-title":"Diagnosing multibacillary leprosy: a comparative evaluation of diagnostic accuracy of slit-skin smear, bacterial index of granuloma and WHO operational classification","volume":"74","author":"Bhushan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.07.001_bib0115","first-page":"303","article-title":"Is bacteriological examination by skin smear necessary in all paucibacillary leprosy patients in mass control programmes?","volume":"62","author":"Rao","year":"1991","journal-title":"Lepr Rev"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1201971210024203?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1201971210024203?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,4]],"date-time":"2021-11-04T02:53:20Z","timestamp":1635994400000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1201971210024203"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,10]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S1201971210024203"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.07.001","relation":{},"ISSN":["1201-9712"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1201-9712","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,10]]}}}