{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T19:34:57Z","timestamp":1792784097303,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,1]],"date-time":"2020-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1580515200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,1]],"date-time":"2020-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1580515200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,8]],"date-time":"2019-11-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1573171200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009619","name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["16lk1010017h000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["16lk1010017h000"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009619","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009619","name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["18lk1010033h0001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18lk1010033h0001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009619","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"ICT Infrastructure Establishment and Implementation of Artificial Intelligence for Clinical and Medical Research"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003478","name":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, Japan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003478","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002770","name":"Cabinet Office, Government of Japan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002770","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"MEXT KAKENHI","award":["16K09254"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["16K09254"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006092","name":"Foundation for Development of the Community","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006092","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009619","name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009619","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","ijidonline.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Infectious Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2019.11.009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,12]],"date-time":"2019-11-12T19:50:12Z","timestamp":1573588212000},"page":"1-8","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":62,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Indications and classes of outpatient antibiotic prescriptions in Japan: A descriptive study using the national database of electronic health insurance claims, 2012\u20132015"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"91","author":[{"given":"Hideki","family":"Hashimoto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Makoto","family":"Saito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jumpei","family":"Sato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuo","family":"Goda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naohiro","family":"Mitsutake","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masaru","family":"Kitsuregawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryozo","family":"Nagai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuji","family":"Hatakeyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2019.11.009_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"k5092","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.k5092","article-title":"Appropriateness of outpatient antibiotic prescribing among privately insured US patients: ICD-10-CM based cross sectional study","volume":"364","author":"Chua","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2019.11.009_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ii2","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkx504","article-title":"Antibiotics in primary care in England: which antibiotics are prescribed and for which conditions?","volume":"73","author":"Dolk","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2019.11.009_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1864","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.4151","article-title":"Prevalence of inappropriate antibiotic prescriptions among US ambulatory care visits, 2010-2011","volume":"315","author":"Fleming-Dutra","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2019.11.009_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"758","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2009.1163","article-title":"Antibiotic prescription rates for acute respiratory tract infections in US ambulatory settings","volume":"302","author":"Grijalva","year":"2009","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2019.11.009_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.7326\/M15-1840","article-title":"Appropriate antibiotic use for acute respiratory tract infection in adults: advice for high-value care from the American College of Physicians and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","volume":"164","author":"Harris","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2019.11.009_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-026251","article-title":"Antibiotic prescription among outpatients in a prefecture of Japan, 2012\u20132013: a retrospective claims database study","volume":"9","author":"Hashimoto","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2019.11.009_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1870","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2016.6625","article-title":"Frequency of first-line antibiotic selection among US ambulatory care visits for otitis media, sinusitis, and pharyngitis","volume":"176","author":"Hersh","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2019.11.009_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1308","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/civ076","article-title":"US outpatient antibiotic prescribing variation according to geography, patient population, and provider specialty in 2011","volume":"60","author":"Hicks","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2019.11.009_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1106","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)60828-3","article-title":"Japanese universal health coverage: evolution, achievements, and challenges","volume":"378","author":"Ikegami","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2019.11.009_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e113","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2011-1321","article-title":"Factors affecting health care utilization for children in Japan","volume":"129","author":"Ishida","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2019.11.009_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12210","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-30673-6","article-title":"Changes in antimicrobial usage patterns in Korea: 12-year analysis based on database of the national health insurance service-national sample cohort","volume":"8","author":"Kim","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"March","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2019.11.009_bib0060","article-title":"Changes in US outpatient antibiotic prescriptions from 2011-2016","author":"King","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2019.11.009_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1017\/ice.2017.250","article-title":"The value of electronically extracted data for auditing outpatient antimicrobial prescribing","volume":"39","author":"Livorsi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2019.11.009_bib0070","series-title":"Survey of physicians, dentists and pharmacists","author":"Ministry of Health","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2019.11.009_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.09.001","article-title":"Impact of medical subsidy disqualification on children\u2019s healthcare utilization: a difference-in-differences analysis from Japan","volume":"191","author":"Miyawaki","year":"2017","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2019.11.009_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0000000000002115","article-title":"Recent prescription patterns for children with acute infectious diarrhea","volume":"68","author":"Okubo","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2019.11.009_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.1086\/511640","article-title":"Measurement of adult antibacterial drug use in 130 US hospitals: comparison of defined daily dose and days of therapy","volume":"44","author":"Polk","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2019.11.009_bib0090","series-title":"Japan health system review","author":"Sakamoto","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2019.11.009_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1800","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkw054","article-title":"Gender differences in antibiotic prescribing in the community: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"71","author":"Schroder","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2019.11.009_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-020203","article-title":"Understanding the gender gap in antibiotic prescribing: a cross-sectional analysis of English primary care","volume":"8","author":"Smith","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2019.11.009_bib0105","series-title":"Population estimates (monthly report)","author":"Statistics Bureau","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2019.11.009_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.2188\/jea.JE20130194","article-title":"The proportion of uncoded diagnoses in computerized health insurance claims in Japan in May 2010 according to ICD-10 disease categories","volume":"24","author":"Tanihara","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2019.11.009_bib0115","series-title":"National action plan on antimicrobial resistance (AMR) 2016-2020","author":"The Government of Japan","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2019.11.009_bib0120","series-title":"Manual of antimicrobial stewardship","author":"The Government of Japan","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2019.11.009_bib0125","series-title":"Tackling drug-resistant infections globally: final report and recommendations","author":"The Review on Antimicrobial Resistance","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2019.11.009_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2018.01.003","article-title":"Trends and patterns of national antimicrobial consumption in Japan from 2004 to 2016","volume":"24","author":"Tsutsui","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Infect Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2019.11.009_bib0135","series-title":"Global action plan on antimicrobial resistance","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2019.11.009_bib0140","series-title":"WHO report on surveillance of antibiotic consumption 2016 - 2018 early implementation","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2019.11.009_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-017-1097-x","article-title":"The first report of Japanese antimicrobial use measured by national database based on health insurance claims data (2011-2013): comparison with sales data, and trend analysis stratified by antimicrobial category and age group","volume":"46","author":"Yamasaki","year":"2018","journal-title":"Infection"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2019.11.009_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1093\/pubmed\/fdx045","article-title":"Prescription of antibiotics to pre-school children from 2005 to 2014 in Japan: a retrospective claims database study","volume":"40","author":"Yoshida","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Public Health (Oxf)"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1201971219304485?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1201971219304485?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T07:47:07Z","timestamp":1761119227000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1201971219304485"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]},"references-count":30,"alternative-id":["S1201971219304485"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijid.2019.11.009","relation":{},"ISSN":["1201-9712"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1201-9712","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Indications and classes of outpatient antibiotic prescriptions in Japan: A descriptive study using the national database of electronic health insurance claims, 2012\u20132015","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijid.2019.11.009","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2019 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of International Society for Infectious Diseases.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}