{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T18:45:37Z","timestamp":1793904337379,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]],"date-time":"2022-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661990400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]],"date-time":"2022-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661990400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,10]],"date-time":"2022-05-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1652140800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002855","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002855","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021YFC2301800"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021YFC2301800"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013076","name":"National Major Science and Technology Projects of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2017ZX10105001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017ZX10105001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013076","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013076","name":"National Major Science and Technology Projects of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018ZX10715014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018ZX10715014"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013076","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100017594","name":"Medical Science and Technology Project of Zhejiang Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022KY743"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022KY743"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100017594","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000865","name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000865","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.com","ijidonline.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Infectious Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.05.029","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,13]],"date-time":"2022-05-13T12:00:53Z","timestamp":1652443253000},"page":"46-62","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":98,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Prevalence trends of latent tuberculosis infection at the global, regional, and country levels from 1990\u20132019"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"122","author":[{"given":"Cheng","family":"Ding","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wanru","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenjuan","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaomeng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuting","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanwan","family":"Shangguan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shigui","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaijin","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.05.029_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2236","article-title":"The spectrum of latent tuberculosis: rethinking the biology and intervention strategies","volume":"7","author":"Barry","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.05.029_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/6680651","article-title":"Prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection in the Middle East and North Africa: A systematic review","volume":"2021","author":"Barry","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pulm Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.05.029_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200701-057OC","article-title":"Prevalence of tuberculosis infection in the United States population: the national health and nutrition examination survey, 1999\u20132000","volume":"177","author":"Bennett","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.05.029_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"962","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.11046","article-title":"Screening for latent tuberculosis infection in adults: US Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement","volume":"316","author":"Preventive Services Task Force","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.05.029_bib0005","series-title":"Major infectious diseases","article-title":"Tuberculosis","author":"Bloom","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.05.029_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-020-8419-0","article-title":"Global trends and gaps in research related to latent tuberculosis infection","volume":"20","author":"Chaw","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.05.029_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.13346","article-title":"Latent tuberculosis infection: opportunities and challenges","volume":"23","author":"Chee","year":"2018","journal-title":"Respirology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.05.029_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1900655","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00655-2019","article-title":"The global prevalence of latent tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"54","author":"Cohen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.05.029_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e3468","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa1662","article-title":"Prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection among non-U.S.-born persons by country of birth - United States, 2012\u20132017","volume":"73","author":"Collins","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis Off Publ Infect Dis Soc Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.05.029_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2020.02.034","article-title":"Management of latent tuberculosis infection in China: exploring solutions suitable for high-burden countries","volume":"92S","author":"Cui","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.05.029_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1801218","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01218-2018","article-title":"Estimating the prevalence of latent tuberculosis in a low-incidence setting: Australia","volume":"52","author":"Dale","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.05.029_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.17.0756","article-title":"Latent tuberculosis infection and the EndTB Strategy: ethical tensions and imperatives","volume":"24","author":"Denholm","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.05.029_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(22)00092-3","article-title":"The intersecting pandemics of tuberculosis and COVID-19: population-level and patient-level impact, clinical presentation, and corrective interventions","author":"Dheda","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.05.029_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S654","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jix320","article-title":"Designing and evaluating interventions to halt the transmission of tuberculosis","volume":"216","author":"Dowdy","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.05.029_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.282.7.677","article-title":"Consensus statement. Global burden of tuberculosis: estimated incidence, prevalence, and mortality by country","volume":"282","author":"Dye","year":"1999","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.05.029_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(18)30057-2","article-title":"The global tuberculosis epidemic and progress in care, prevention, and research: an overview in year 3 of the End TB era","volume":"6","author":"Floyd","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.05.029_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(14)71085-0","article-title":"Latent tuberculosis infection in rural China: baseline results of a population-based, multicentre, prospective cohort study","volume":"15","author":"Gao","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.05.029_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1329","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(18)30625-X","article-title":"Global, regional, and national burden of tuberculosis, 1990\u20132016: results from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors 2016 Study","volume":"18","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.05.029_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1789","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)32279-7","volume":"392","author":"GBD 2017 Disease and injury incidence and prevalence collaborators","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.05.029_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1563","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01245-2015","article-title":"Management of latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection: WHO guidelines for low tuberculosis burden countries","volume":"46","author":"Getahun","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.05.029_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2127","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1405427","article-title":"Latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection","volume":"372","author":"Getahun","year":"2015","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.05.029_bib0022","unstructured":"Global Burden of Disease Collaborative Network. Global burden of disease Study 2019 (GBD 2019) results, 2020, Available at http:\/\/ghdx.healthdata.org\/gbd-results-tool; Accessed June 1, 2021."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.05.029_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1930","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2410.180716","article-title":"Simple estimates for local prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection, United States, 2011\u20132015","volume":"24","author":"Haddad","year":"2018","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.05.029_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5.2.27","DOI":"10.1128\/microbiolspec.TNMI7-0039-2016","article-title":"Treatment of latent tuberculosis infection","volume":"5","author":"Haley","year":"2017","journal-title":"Microbiol Spectr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.05.029_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"738","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.12.0200","article-title":"First national tuberculin survey in Viet Nam: characteristics and association with tuberculosis prevalence","volume":"17","author":"Hoa","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.05.029_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1267","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.13.0114","article-title":"Tuberculin survey in Bangladesh, 2007\u20132009: prevalence of tuberculous infection and implications for TB control","volume":"17","author":"Hossain","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.05.029_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1002152","article-title":"The global burden of latent tuberculosis infection: A re-estimation using mathematical modelling","volume":"13","author":"Houben","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.05.029_bib0028","unstructured":"Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). Protocol for the Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factors study (GBD), 2020, http:\/\/www.healthdata.org\/gbd\/about\/protocol; (accessed November 18, 2021)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.05.029_bib0029","unstructured":"Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). Global burden of disease Study 2019 (GBD 2019) socio-demographic index (SDI) 1950-2019, 2021a, http:\/\/ghdx.healthdata.org\/record\/ihme-data\/gbd-2019-socio-demographic-index-sdi-1950-2019; Accessed June 1, 2021."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.05.029_bib0030","unstructured":"Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). The Global Burden of Disease: a critical resource for informed policymaking, 2021b, http:\/\/www.healthdata.org\/gbd\/about; (accessed November 18, 2021)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.05.029_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.7326\/AITC201702070","article-title":"Tuberculosis","volume":"166","author":"Jacobson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.05.029_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e118","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(21)00496-3","article-title":"Global tuberculosis progress reversed by COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"9","author":"Kirby","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.05.029_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-015-0904-1","article-title":"Prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection and associated risk factors in an urban African setting","volume":"15","author":"Kizza","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.05.029_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(19)30307-X","article-title":"Global burden of latent multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: trends and estimates based on mathematical modelling","volume":"19","author":"Knight","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.05.029_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-11-89","article-title":"Community-based cross-sectional survey of latent tuberculosis infection in Afar pastoralists, Ethiopia, using QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube and tuberculin skin test","volume":"11","author":"Legesse","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.05.029_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciw778","article-title":"Official American Thoracic Society\/Infectious Diseases Society of America\/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention clinical practice guidelines: diagnosis of tuberculosis in adults and children","volume":"64","author":"Lewinsohn","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.05.029_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1086\/338342","article-title":"Molecular evidence of endogenous reactivation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis after 33 years of latent infection","volume":"185","author":"Lillebaek","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.05.029_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e327","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(17)30248-7","article-title":"Latent tuberculosis infection: the final frontier of tuberculosis elimination in the USA","volume":"17","author":"LoBue","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.05.029_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201508-1683OC","article-title":"The prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection in the United States","volume":"194","author":"Mancuso","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.05.029_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.17.0550","article-title":"Prevalence of latent tuberculous infection among adults in the general population of Ca Mau, Viet Nam","volume":"22","author":"Marks","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.05.029_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0140881","article-title":"Tuberculosis Infection in the United States: Prevalence Estimates from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2011-2012","volume":"10","author":"Miramontes","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.05.029_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2063","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)61899-6","article-title":"GBD 2010: design, definitions, and metrics","volume":"380","author":"Murray","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.05.029_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1201534","article-title":"Measuring the global burden of disease","volume":"369","author":"Murray","year":"2013","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.05.029_bib0044","unstructured":"Programme GT. WHO consolidated guidelines on tuberculosis: module 1: prevention: tuberculosis preventive treatment, 2020, https:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/bitstream\/handle\/10665\/331525\/9789240002906-eng.pdf; (accessed December 6, 2021)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.05.029_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e7749","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0007749","article-title":"Annual risk of tuberculous infection using different methods in communities with a high prevalence of TB and HIV in Zambia and South Africa","volume":"4","author":"Shanaube","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.05.029_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2015.11.001","article-title":"WHO's End TB Strategy: from stopping to ending the global TB epidemic","volume":"62","author":"Uplekar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Indian J Tuberc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.05.029_bib0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/152.3.247","article-title":"Lifetime risks, incubation period, and serial interval of tuberculosis","volume":"152","author":"Vynnycky","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.05.029_bib0049","unstructured":"World Health Organization. The End TB Strategy-Global strategy and targets for tuberculosis prevention, care and control after 2015, 2018, Available at https:\/\/www.who.int\/tb\/strategy\/End_TB_Strategy.pdf; Accessed September 17, 2019."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.05.029_bib0050","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Global tuberculosis report 2020, Available at https:\/\/www.who.int\/teams\/global-tuberculosis-programme\/tb-reports\/global-tuberculosis-report-2020; Accessed March 9, 2021."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.05.029_bib0051","unstructured":"World Health Organization, Countries 2021. 2021a. https:\/\/www.who.int\/countries; Accessed July 21, 2021."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.05.029_bib0052","unstructured":"World Health Organization, Global tuberculosis report 2021, 2021b. https:\/\/www.who.int\/teams\/global-tuberculosis-programme\/tb-reports\/global-tuberculosis-report-2021; Accessed October 15, 2021."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.05.029_bib0053","unstructured":"World Health Organization, Tuberculosis, 2021c. https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/tuberculosis; Accessed October 15, 2021."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.05.029_bib0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1423","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.13078","article-title":"Tuberculosis in China: A longitudinal predictive model of the general population and recommendations for achieving WHO goals","volume":"22","author":"Xu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Respirology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.05.029_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2223","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.06288-11","article-title":"Targeting persisters for tuberculosis control","volume":"56","author":"Zhang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.05.029_bib0046","unstructured":"Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) Program. World (WHO 2000\u20132025) Standard, 2013,Available at https:\/\/seer.cancer.gov\/stdpopulations\/world.who.html; Accessed April 19, 2021."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1201971222002922?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1201971222002922?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,11]],"date-time":"2024-05-11T10:31:38Z","timestamp":1715423498000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1201971222002922"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"references-count":55,"alternative-id":["S1201971222002922"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.05.029","relation":{},"ISSN":["1201-9712"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1201-9712","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Prevalence trends of latent tuberculosis infection at the global, regional, and country levels from 1990\u20132019","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.05.029","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of International Society for Infectious Diseases.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}