{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T04:52:10Z","timestamp":1780548730221,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]],"date-time":"2024-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727740800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]],"date-time":"2024-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727740800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,13]],"date-time":"2024-07-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1720828800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016230","name":"Steven and Alexandra Cohen Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016230","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005326","name":"Yale University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023-07689"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023-07689"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005326","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014731","name":"Global Lyme Alliance","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014731","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AI138139"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI138139"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AI152220"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI152220"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AI136118"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI136118"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AI123321"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI123321"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AI153100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI153100"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011643","name":"Blavatnik Family Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011643","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006744","name":"American Red Cross","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006744","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","ijidonline.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Infectious Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2024.107178","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,24]],"date-time":"2024-07-24T21:09:00Z","timestamp":1721855340000},"page":"107178","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"special_numbering":"C","title":["A set of diagnostic tests for detection of active Babesia duncani infection"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"147","author":[{"given":"Meenal","family":"Chand","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4944-6006","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pratap","family":"Vydyam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0068-8912","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anasuya C.","family":"Pal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jose","family":"Thekkiniath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dounia","family":"Darif","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zeng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jae-Yeon","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5012-6478","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ruben","family":"Magni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandra","family":"Luchini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Tonnetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth J.","family":"Horn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8084-7556","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Danielle M.","family":"Tufts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5028-1400","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Choukri","family":"Ben Mamoun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2024.107178_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"990","DOI":"10.1038\/nature06536","article-title":"Global trends in emerging infectious diseases","volume":"451","author":"Jones","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2024.107178_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1093\/jme\/tjv237","article-title":"County-scale distribution of Ixodes scapularis and Ixodes pacificus (acari: Ixodidae) in the continental United States","volume":"53","author":"Eisen","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Med Entomol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2024.107178_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1093\/ilar\/ilx005","article-title":"Paddock CD. Tick-borne zoonoses in the United States: persistent and emerging threats to human health","volume":"58","author":"Eisen","year":"2017","journal-title":"ILAR J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2024.107178_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6717e1","article-title":"Vital signs: trends in reported Vectorborne disease cases - United States and territories, 2004\u20132016","volume":"67","author":"Rosenberg","year":"2018","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2024.107178_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1120","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens10091120","article-title":"Treatment of human babesiosis: then and now","volume":"10","author":"Renard","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2024.107178_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2021.697669","article-title":"Babesia microti: pathogen genomics, genetic variability, immunodominant antigens, and pathogenesis","volume":"12","author":"Puri","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2024.107178_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idc.2008.03.010","article-title":"Human babesiosis","volume":"22","author":"Vannier","year":"2008","journal-title":"Infect Dis Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2024.107178_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idc.2015.02.008","volume":"29","author":"Vannier","year":"2015","journal-title":"Infect Dis Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2024.107178_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1259","DOI":"10.1086\/593812","article-title":"Transfusion-transmitted babesiosis in Washington State: first reported case caused by a WA1-type parasite","volume":"175","author":"Herwaldt","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2024.107178_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1517","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1537-2995.2011.03467.x","article-title":"The third described case of transfusion-transmitted Babesia duncani","volume":"52","author":"Bloch","year":"2012","journal-title":"Transfusion"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2024.107178_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-119-4-199308150-00006","article-title":"Babesiosis in Washington State: a new species of Babesia?","volume":"119","author":"Quick","year":"1993","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2024.107178_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1323","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(00)00137-5","article-title":"Human babesiosis: an emerging tick-borne disease","volume":"30","author":"Kjemtrup","year":"2000","journal-title":"Int J Parasitol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2024.107178_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1432","DOI":"10.1086\/516476","article-title":"Seroepidemiology of emerging tickborne infectious diseases in a Northern California community","volume":"175","author":"Fritz","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2024.107178_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199502023320504","article-title":"Infection with a babesia-like organism in northern California","volume":"332","author":"Persing","year":"1995","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2024.107178_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1126\/science.769166","article-title":"Human babesiosis: reservoir in infection on Nantucket Island","volume":"192","author":"Healy","year":"1976","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2024.107178_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00067-18","article-title":"BmGPAC, an antigen capture assay for detection of active Babesia microti infection","volume":"56","author":"Thekkiniath","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2024.107178_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.00925-22","article-title":"Specific and sensitive diagnosis of Babesia microti active infection using monoclonal antibodies to the immunodominant antigen BmGPI12","volume":"60","author":"Gagnon","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2024.107178_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens11050599","article-title":"An Alternative Culture Medium for Continuous in vitro Propagation of the Human Pathogen Babesia duncani in Human Erythrocytes","volume":"11","author":"Singh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2024.107178_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19974","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.AC118.005771","article-title":"Establishment of a continuous in vitro culture of Babesia duncani in human erythrocytes reveals unusually high tolerance to recommended therapies","volume":"293","author":"Abraham","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2024.107178_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2022.1039197","article-title":"Epitope profiling of monoclonal antibodies to the immunodominant antigen BmGPI12 of the human pathogen Babesia microti","volume":"12","author":"Chand","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2024.107178_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0145686","article-title":"Isolation of exosomes from blood plasma: qualitative and quantitative comparison of ultracentrifugation and size exclusion chromatography methods","volume":"10","author":"Baranyai","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2024.107178_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.26508\/lsa.201900382","article-title":"Evidence for vesicle-mediated antigen export by the human pathogen Babesia microti","volume":"2","author":"Thekkiniath","year":"2019","journal-title":"Life Sci Alliance"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2024.107178_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19178","DOI":"10.1021\/ja207515j","article-title":"Multifunctional core-shell nanoparticles: discovery of previously invisible biomarkers","volume":"133","author":"Tamburro","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Am Chem Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2024.107178_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2018.08.004","article-title":"Analysis of the Babesia microti proteome in infected red blood cells by a combination of nanotechnology and mass spectrometry","volume":"49","author":"Magni","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Parasitol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2024.107178_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2022.962944","article-title":"Identification and characterization of extracellular vesicles from red cells infected with Babesia divergens and Babesia microti","volume":"12","author":"Beri","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2024.107178_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiad315","article-title":"Tafenoquine-atovaquone combination achieves radical cure and confers sterile immunity in experimental models of human babesiosis","volume":"229","author":"Vydyam","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2024.107178_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-017-2064-1","article-title":"Improved molecular detection of Babesia infections in animals using a novel quantitative real-time PCR diagnostic assay targeting mitochondrial DNA","volume":"10","author":"Qurollo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2024.107178_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1267","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiac181","article-title":"Babesia duncani as a model organism to study the development, virulence, and drug susceptibility of intraerythrocytic parasites in vitro and in vivo","volume":"226","author":"Pal","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1201971224002492?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1201971224002492?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T22:54:06Z","timestamp":1778799246000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1201971224002492"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"references-count":28,"alternative-id":["S1201971224002492"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijid.2024.107178","relation":{},"ISSN":["1201-9712"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1201-9712","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"A set of diagnostic tests for detection of active Babesia duncani infection","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijid.2024.107178","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of International Society for Infectious Diseases.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"107178"}}